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2010 - 20135
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Subject: Vegetable Crops × End date: 2014 × Start date: 2010 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Analysis of genetic diversity of Indian melon (Cucumis melo L.) land races and its comparison with global reference melon populations
    (PAU, 2012) Malik, Ajaz Ahmed; Vashisht, V. K.
    The present investigation entitled, “Analysis of genetic diversity of Indian melon (Cucumis melo L.) land races and its comparison with global reference melon populations” was conducted at Department of Vegetable Science and School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural university Ludhiana, during the years 2009 and 2010. Eighty-eight melon accessions collected from utrakhand and Uttar Pradesh states of India representing four agroecological regions (six sub-regions) and eight reference accessions from USA were characterized and evaluated for nineteen morphological traits of plant and fruit, biochemical traits such as T S S, ascorbic acid content, titrable acidity and dry matter content, SSR genotyping and reaction to diseases. Significant differences were noted among all the accessions for all the characters observed. Phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variation were found to be high for fruit weight and node at which first hermaphrodite flower appears. High heritability alongwith high genetic advance was recorded for fruit weight, node at which first hermaphrodite flower appears, fruit length, seed cavity length, number of primary branches per vine and total soluble solids content. D 2 analysis grouped the accessions into ten clusters. The reference accessions obtained from USA and land races collected from different agro-ecological zones of India were found to be scattered in different clusters. No parallelism was found between genetic and geographic diversity. DNA polymorphism was utilized to cluster the genotypes into different clusters based on similarity as well as dissimilarity coefficients. On basis of SSR analysis, dendrogram clustered 96 accessions into three major groups. There was a significant correlation between botanical groups and the clustering pattern. Accessions elonging to cantalupensis cluster together in cluster I, accessions of reticulatus group cluster together in cluster II and momordica group cluster together in cluster III. However, some accessions of cantalupensis and reticulatus were intermixed in cluster I and II. Reference accessions cluster together forming a genetically unique assemblage in subgroup IIA and shared similarity coefficient of 0.65 with sub-group IIB. This suggested that reference accessions shared genetic affinities with Indian melon accessions that co uld not have been predicted based on their geographic origin. Four accessions were free from CMV and two accessions exhibited immune reaction to downy mildew. The results inferred that these melon accessions could be used to broaden the genetic base of melon.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    GENOTYPIC RESPONSE OF BITTER GOURD (Momordica charantia L.) TO DIFFERENT SEED PRIMING TREATMENTS
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2013) Rakesh Kumar
    The present investigation was conducted at Vegetable Research Farm of Department of Vegetable Science and Seed Technology Centre, PAU, Ludhiana during January-June 2012. The experiment was laid in split plot design keeping two environments (third week of January and third week of February) in main plot, five genotypes (Punjab 14, Punjab Kareli, Jaunpuri Long, Katahi and Green Special Long) in sub-plot and six treatments along with control (hydration, GA3, KNO3, KH2PO4, hydration + FYM for 1 day, hydration + FYM for 2 days) in sub-sub plot. The data was recorded on seed quality, vegetative and yield characters. Environment-2 was better in seed quality characters while environment-1 excelled in vegetative and yield characters. Among all genotypes, cultivar „Katahi‟ was most responsive to seed priming treatments in terms of seedling dry weight, root length, vigour index-II, field emergence (%), speed of emergence and number of fruits per plant followed by cultivar „Green Special Long‟ for germination (%), seedling length and vigour index-I. „Jaunpuri‟ Long exhibited improved speed of germination, minimum days taken to first female flowering, first fruit harvesting, average fruit weight and yield per plant. The statistical analysis of data showed the superiority of all the seed priming treatments over the control. The treatment GA₃ resulted in maximum germination (%), speed of germination, vigour index, field emergence (%), speed of emergence, vine length, number of fruits per plant and yield per plant in both the environments in all cultivars while highest seedling length, seedling dry weight, vigour index was recorded with seed treatment KH2PO4 in all the cultivars. Key words: Bitter gourd, genotypes, seed priming treatments, field emergence, speed of emergence, genotypes x environmental interaction
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    COMPARATIVE PERFORMANCE OF F1 HYBRIDS OF BRINJAL UNDER NET-HOUSE AND OPEN FIELD CONDITIONS
    (Punjab Agricultural University, 2013) Harjinder Singh; Dhatt, A. S.
    The present evaluation was conducted in the Department of Vegetable Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, with a set of 40 different hybrids of brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) under net-house and open field conditions. The material was grown during the year 2012 in randomized complete block design. The analysis of variance showed significant difference among growing conditions and the hybrids. Out of 40 hybrids, BHO 1210 (2.92 kg), BHR 1209 (2.76 kg), BHR 1201 (3.03 kg), BHL 1242 (2.57 kg) and BHL 1244 (2.55 kg) gave significantly higher yield in net-house as well as the open field. Similarly, average fruit weight was also higher in BHR 1201, BHR 1220 and BHO 1209 in the both growing conditions. Maximum marketable yield was obtained from the hybrids BHO 1210 (3.47kg), BHR 1201 (3.08kg) and BHR 1220 (2.76kg) per plant in net-house. Out of these, the long fruited hybrids BHL 1242 (47 fruits/plant) and BHL 1241(37 fruits) gave high number of fruits under both the growing conditions. Observation recorded for biochemical analysis showed that maximum total sugars found in BHL 1244 (2.28%) under net-house and (2.11%) in open field. Maximum anthocyanin was found in hybrid BHO 1209 (1.90mg/100g) in net-house and (1.70mg/100g) in open field. There was no attack of fruit borer under the net house, whereas, 19.36 per cent infestation was recorded in the open field. Significant per se performance and economic heterosis in desirable direction was recorded in several hybrids under both conditions. Among round shape group BHR 1201 (37.99%); among long BHL 1241 (23.33%) and BHL 1242 (20.18%) and among oblong BHO 1209 (46.48%) and BHO 1210 (55.15%) were found significantly superior in heterosis over standard check (BH-2) for the yield per plant under the net-house. Thus, after further evaluation these hybrids can be recommended for net-house and open field cultivation.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Analysis of genetic diversity of Indian melon (Cucumis melo L.) land races and its comparison with global reference melon populations
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2012) Ajaz Ahmed Malik; K Vashisht
    The present investigation entitled, “Analysis of genetic diversity of Indian melon (Cucumis melo L.) land races and its comparison with global reference melon populations” was conducted at Department of Vegetable Science and School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University Ludhiana, during the years 2009 and 2010. Eighty-eight melon accessions collected from Uttrakhand and Uttar Pradesh states of India representing four agroecological regions (six sub-regions) and eight reference accessions from USA were characterized and evaluated for nineteen morphological traits of plant and fruit, biochemical traits such as T S S, ascorbic acid content, titrable acidity and dry matter content, SSR genotyping and reaction to diseases. Significant differences were noted among all the accessions for all the characters observed. Phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variation were found to be high for fruit weight and node at which first hermaphrodite flower appears. High heritability alongwith high genetic advance was recorded for fruit weight, node at which first hermaphrodite flower appears, fruit length, seed cavity length, number of primary branches per vine and total soluble solids content. D2 analysis grouped the accessions into ten clusters. The reference accessions obtained from USA and land races collected from different agro-ecological zones of India were found to be scattered in different clusters. No parallelism was found between genetic and geographic diversity. DNA polymorphism was utilized to cluster the genotypes into different clusters based on similarity as well as dissimilarity coefficients. On basis of SSR analysis, dendrogram clustered 96 accessions into three major groups. There was a significant correlation between botanical groups and the clustering pattern. Accessions belonging to cantalupensis cluster together in cluster I, accessions of reticulatus group cluster together in cluster II and momordica group cluster together in cluster III. However, some accessions of cantalupensis and reticulatus were intermixed in cluster I and II. Reference accessions cluster together forming a genetically unique assemblage in subgroup IIA and shared similarity coefficient of 0.65 with sub-group IIB. This suggested that reference accessions shared genetic affinities with Indian melon accessions that could not have been predicted based on their geographic origin. Four accessions were free from CMV and two accessions exhibited immune reaction to downy mildew. The results inferred that these melon accessions could be used to broaden the genetic base of melon.
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    ThesisItemRestricted
    Heterosis and Combining ability studies in Garden Pea (Pisum sativum L.)
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2010) Dinesh; Brar, P.S.
    Eighteen genotypes of pea were selected and crossed in line x tester fashion using fifteen females and three males during November 2007. Forty-five hybrids along with eighteen parents were grown at the Vegetable Research Farm, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana during Nov, 2008. Significant mean squares due to lines, testers, hybrids, line x tester and parents vs. hybrids were observed for all the characters. The ratio of 2 sca/2 gca was more than unity in number of seeds per pod, nod at which first pod developed and for 100 seed weight, indicating non-additive gene action, while additive gene action was important for pod length, number of pods per plant, green pod yield, shelling percentage and crude protein. Among the females, ARKEL was found to be the best general combiner for days taken to 50% flowering, node at which first flower appears, and days taken to maturity. JP-501A/2 was found to be good combiner for pod length and number of pods per plant. Among the males, C-96 was good combiner for days taken to 50 per cent flowering, plant height, node at which 1st flower appears, pod length, shelling percentage, 100 seed weight and alcohol insoluble matter. The line C-400 found to be the best combiner for number of pods per plant, green pod yield and crude protein. The cross P1 x C-400 exhibited highest and significant sca effect for days taken to 50 % flowering and crude protein, KS-268 x PB- 89 for plant height and alcohol insoluble matter. ARKEL x PB- 89 for node at which first flower appears, C-308 x PB- 89 for pod length and ARKEL x C- 400 for number of pods per plant, P2 x PB- 89 for shelling percentage. The best heterotic combination for days taken to 50 % flowering was P1 x C- 400, days taken to maturity was ARKEL x C- 96, C- 308 x C- 400 for plant height, JM- 5 x C-96 for shelling percentage, MA- 6 x PB- 89 for node at which first flower appears, MA-6 x C- 96 for number of pods per plant, MA- 6 x C- 400 for pod length. The best heterotic combination for days taken to 50 % flowering was P1 x C- 400, days taken to maturity was ARKEL x C- 96, C- 308 x C- 400 for plant height, JM- 5 x C-96 for shelling percentage, MA- 6 x PB- 89 for node at which first flower appears, MA-6 x C- 96 for number of pods per plant, MA- 6 x C- 400 for pod length, PB- 88 x PB- 89 for number of grains per pod and KS- 268 x C- 400 for green pod yield, AP1 x C- 96 for crude protein and PMR- 19 x PB- 89 for alcohol insoluble matter. These can be utilized for further breeding programmes