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Mathematical Formulation of Groundwater Recharge through Abandoned Well
(Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2018) Gupta, Alok; Aggarwal, Rajan
The stress on groundwater resources is continuously increasing due to rampant use in agriculture, increasing urbanization, industrialization and population. As a result, the groundwater levels in various parts of the country are declining. Groundwater recharge is one of the water augmentation techniques by which run-off water or excess water can be put into aquifer itself to replenish the groundwater reservoir. For recharging groundwater, one may use variety of methods such as abandoned well, ponds and pits. A field study was done to evaluate the recharge through abandoned well in an unconfined aquifer. The canal water was diverted into the abandoned well, maintaining constant head conditions. The study showed that rate of recharge decreased from 9.18 l/s to 3.4 l/s with time. Major factor responsible for this reduction was the total suspended solids (TSS) of canal water. An analytical equation was developed to simulate rise in water table, assuming the recharge taking place from a hypothetical well screen fully penetrating the saturated thickness of the aquifer. The developed mathematical equation was able to predict the rise in water table reasonably well under existing field conditions.