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20151
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Subject: Soil Science × Author: Bhatt, Rajan × End date: 2015 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Soil water dynamics and water productivity of ricewheat system under different establishment methods
    (PAU, 2015) Bhatt, Rajan; Kukal, S.S.
    The prevalent wheat-rice cropping system in Punjab has been taking a toll on the natural resources in the region. The wheat and rice grown with conservation technologies need to be studied for the cropping system as a whole. Field experiments were carried out during 2012- 14 in a sandy loam soil to assess the role of zero tillage and crop establishment method on crop performance, soil water dynamics, soil physical environment and water productivity of the wheat-rice cropping system. The treatments consisted of zero- (ZTW) and conventionaltillage (CTW) as main, establishment methods viz. direct seeded (DSR) and mechanical transplanted rice (MTR) as sub and tillage in rice viz. puddle (P), conventional (CT) and zero till (ZT) as sub-sub treatments. Zero tillage in wheat and rice did not affect the wheat yield during both the years. The grain yield of DSR was similar to MTR during 2013 but was significantly higher during 2014. The land productivity of wheat-rice cropping system was 15.8 and 11.3 per cent higher in CTW than in ZTW plots during 2012-13 and 2013-14, respectively. It was highest in CTW-DSR-P and lowest in ZTW-MT-ZT. The irrigation water productivity of the system (WPI) was highest in CTW-MT-P and lowest in ZTW-DSR-ZT. The WPI of wheat-rice cropping system was significantly higher (16-19.5 per cent) in CTW than in ZTW plots. The WPI of the cropping system was higher in MTR (0.81-0.88 g kg-1) than DSR (0.60-0.77 g kg-1). The WPI of wheat-rice cropping system, though similar in CT (0.76 g kg-1) and ZT (0.71 g kg-1) plots of rice during 2012-13, was 11.2 per cent lower in ZT plots during 2013-14. The evapo-transpiration (ET) losses of the wheat-rice cropping system were higher during 2013-14 (971-1057 mm) than in 2012-13 (908-922 mm). The ET losses of wheat-rice cropping system including the intervening period were not affected by tillage in wheat or rice.