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Subject: Sociology × Author: Khushwinder Kaur × End date: 2016 × Start date: 2015 × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    Development of antimicrobial finish for cotton using selected plant sources
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2016) Khushwinder Kaur; Bains, Sandeep
    The present study was conducted to develop antimicrobial finish for cotton fabric using natural plant sources. Twenty plant species were identified and Disk method was used to study their antimicrobial properties. Out of twenty plant sources four plants having maximum antimicrobial activity were selected. The selected four medicinal plants were Eugenia caryophyllata (Clove), Eclipta alba (False daisy), Plumbago zeylanica (Leadwort), and Mentha Arvenesis (Mint). The parts of plant sources were dried, powdered, grinded and extracted with appropriate solvents (ethanol, methanol, chloroform) by Soxhlet extraction method. The concentration of plant extracts were optimized on the basis of antimicrobial activity. The concentration selected were 3, 5, 7g/l and were worked for 12, 18, 24 hours. The antimicrobial activity of these extracts was checked with Disk Diffusion method. The results indicated that the zone diameter of Clove and Mint extracts with 7g/l concentration and 24 hours against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria was significantly higher than that of Leadwort and False daisy extracts with same concentration and time. The extracts with optimized parameters were applied to the fabric with direct application using pad-dry-cure method and with microencapsulation technique. After direct application treatment Clove showed maximum antimicrobial activity with minimum value of absorbance value 0.50 followed by False daisy, Leadwort, and Mint with optical density of 1.57, 1.69 and 1.71 respectively. The physical properties of untreated and treated fabrics were assessed to determine the appearance, performance and serviceability of the fabric. The test samples were assessed for fabric weight, thickness, tensile strength, drapability, bending length, flexural rigidity, crease recovery, moisture regain, elongation using standard test methods. The efficacy of the finish was analyzed after washing all the finished samples in ‘Launder-o-meter’ by using standard test method ISO: 6330-1984E. The fabric samples were then subjected to antimicrobial testing and the bacterial growth was analyzed after 5, 10, 15 and 20 washing cycles. The results showed that the absorbance value was minimum for 0 washes i.e. 0.894 and it increased to 1.146, 1.276, 1.574, 1.891 after 5, 10, 15, 20 washes respectively. Hence, the antimicrobial activity of microencapsulated finish was effective till 15 wash cycles.