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Subject: Processing and Food Engineering × Author: Jindal, Shilpa × End date: 2017 × Start date: 2017 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Development and evaluation of percussion based machine for quality management of stored grains and their milled products
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2017) Jindal, Shilpa; Alam, M.S.
    The study was carried out to develop a machine for non-chemical disinfestation of stored grains and milled products. The machine was designed on the principle of physical disturbance to control the insect-pests of grains /milled products. The developed machine was evaluated for grains (wheat and bengal gram) and their milled products (wheat flour, maida and besan). The developed machine process parameters i.e. Operational speed (OS) (500-1500 rpm for grains and 2000-2800 rpm for milled products) and Number of passes (NOP) (1-3) were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). Optimization was done aiming at minimum broken % and maximum mortality percentage for grains while the goal for milled products was maximum mortality % with minimum change in size, moisture content and colour. The optimized machine process parameters obtained for disinfestation of wheat grains and bengal gram were 1300 rpm and 1450 rpm OS with one pass respectively. For milled products, the optimized machine parameters obtained were 2800 rpm, 2650 rpm OS with single pass for wheat flour and besan respectively whereas, for maida two pass with 2600 rpm OS was adjudged to be the best. In order to evaluate the efficacy of physical treatment, storage period and packaging material, the samples developed at optimized condition were stored in different packaging material (Steel, PET containers and PP bags) under ambient condition and were monitored for change in quality attributes at 15 days interval. Treatment followed by storage days and packaging material significantly affected (p<0.05) the quality attributes (moisture content, colour change, insect incidence, insect infestation and overall acceptability) of the samples. Machine treated samples showed no change in quality attributes in comparison to untreated sample irrespective of the selected commodity. The samples packed in steel containers were adjudged to be the best in retaining quality of stored product at the end of three months. Overall the developed machine was found to be highly effective in controlling the stored grains and milled product insect-pests.