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2020 - 20213
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Subject: Microbiology × Author: Simran × Start date: 1947 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
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    Use of bioinsecticides in compost for button mushroom cultivation
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2020) Simran; Sharma, Shivani
    Agaricus bisporus is the most commonly cultivated edible variety in the world which possesses an ability to grow on agricultural wastes. Therefore, the present study has dealt with the use of pre botanical insecticides such as neem powder, vinegar, castor powder and two biological insecticides such as Bacillus thuringiensis and Beauveria bassiana to study its effect on mycelial growth of A. bisporus on PDA medium and wheat straw based compost. Maximum growth of 55mm and 29mm was recorded with neem powder on PDA and compost respectively. However, vinegar and Bacillus thuringiensis also showed significant mycelial run on PDA as well as compost. The natural insecticides were supplemented @0.5 to 4.5% (w/w) in ready compost and spawned @1.0% in compost. The supplementation of neem powder @1.5% showed significantly improved yield potential 43.40% and increased number of fruit bodies 37.55%. In case of castor powder (0.5 to 4.5% v/w), supplementation @ 4.5% (v/w) showed an increase of 23.22% in yield of button mushroom. An increase upto 20.23% and 46.42% in yield and fruit bodies was observed when vinegar was supplemented @2.5%. Bacillus thuringiensis supplementation @2.5% showed maximum yield potential 33.96%. Similarly, Beauveria bassiana was supplemented at a population of 3.4×107 cfu/ml @0.54.5% (v/w) in compost which significantly improved the yield upto 14.44% and 12.62% when Beauveria bassiana was supplemented @1.5% and 0.5% at the time of spawning. Thus, it was concluded from our study that plant-derived products can be recommended to substitute for synthetic chemicals in the commercial production of edible mushrooms.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Use of bioinsecticides in compost for button mushroom cultivation
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2020) Simran; Sharma, Shivani
    Agaricus bisporus is the most commonly cultivated edible variety in the world which possesses an ability to grow on agricultural wastes. Therefore, the present study has dealt with the use of pre botanical insecticides such as neem powder, vinegar, castor powder and two biological insecticides such as Bacillus thuringiensis and Beauveria bassiana to study its effect on mycelial growth of A. bisporus on PDA medium and wheat straw based compost. Maximum growth of 55mm and 29mm was recorded with neem powder on PDA and compost respectively. However, vinegar and Bacillus thuringiensis also showed significant mycelial run on PDA as well as compost. The natural insecticides were supplemented @0.5 to 4.5% (w/w) in ready compost and spawned @1.0% in compost. The supplementation of neem powder @1.5% showed significantly improved yield potential 43.40% and increased number of fruit bodies 37.55%. In case of castor powder (0.5 to 4.5% v/w), supplementation @ 4.5% (v/w) showed an increase of 23.22% in yield of button mushroom. An increase upto 20.23% and 46.42% in yield and fruit bodies was observed when vinegar was supplemented @2.5%. Bacillus thuringiensis supplementation @2.5% showed maximum yield potential 33.96%. Similarly, Beauveria bassiana was supplemented at a population of 3.4×107 cfu/ml @0.5- 4.5% (v/w) in compost which significantly improved the yield upto 14.44% and 12.62% when Beauveria bassiana was supplemented @1.5% and 0.5% at the time of spawning. Thus, it was concluded from our study that plant-derived products can be recommended to substitute for synthetic chemicals in the commercial production of edible mushrooms.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Screening of endophytic isolates for plant growth promotion in rice
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2021) Simran; Jupinder Kaur
    The present investigation was conducted to study the effect of endophytic bacterial culture on root architecture, microbial activities, growth and yield of rice crop (variety PB1509 and PR121). To achieve this objective, bacterial cultures were characterized biochemically for oxidase, catalase, MRVP and citrate utilization. All the cultures were positive for catalase and citrate utilization except the bacterial culture RB11, which was not able to utilize citrate as carbon source. 5% bacterial culture were found positive for MR test, whereas, 70 % bacterial cultures were found positive for VP test. All the bacterial cultures were screened for PGP traits. Out of 18 bacterial cultures, 16 bacterial cultures were able to solubilize phosphate. Significant higher phosphate solubilization index (3.4 mm) was observed for the bacterial culture RB18. Among 18 bacterial cultures, 6 bacterial cultures were able to form clear zone on minimal media supplemented with zinc oxide. Significant higher zinc solubilization index (4.5 mm) was observed for bacterial culture RB5 followed by RB1 (4.3 mm). Ten bacterial cultures were able to produce ammonia and 6 bacterial cultures were able to produce HCN. Among 6 bacterial cultures, Maximum production of HCN was showed by bacterial culture RB6 and RB7. Three bacterial cultures were able to form fluorescent yellow coloured zones on Chrome-azurol S (CAS) agar plates, indicating production of siderophore. Significant higher halozone diameter (12.1 mm) was produced by bacterial culture RB1 followed by RB4 (12 mm). Out of 18 bacterial cultures, 16 tested positive for ACC deaminase activity. All the bacterial cultures were able to produce IAA. Significant higher amount of IAA (39.77 µg/ml) was produced by bacterial culture RB18 followed by bacterial culture RB16 (35.33 µg/ml) and RB4 (34.44 µg/ml) in the medium not supplemented with tryptophan. In the medium supplemented with tryptophan, the bacterial culture RB18 produced significant higher amount of IAA (53.55 µg/ml) followed by RB16 (48.55 µg/ml) and RB6 (48.48 µg/ml). The production of gibberellic acid was also recorded. It ranged between 1.68 µg/ml - 20.65 µg/ml. Significant higher amount of gibberellic acid (20.65 µg/ml) was produced by bacterial culture RB18 followed by RB16 (17.32 µg/ml) and RB11 (13.49 µg/ml). On the basis of multiple PGP traits, 4 bacterial cultures were selected (Enterobacter sp., Rhizobium sp. Enterobacter sp. and Azospirillum sp.) to test their biofertilizer potential using rice crop as host. Among the 4 selected bacterial cultures, the Azospirillum sp. was able to significantly enhance the no. of roots, root thickness, area and volume of roots. The growth and yield of rice obtained from Azospirillum sp. was significantly higher as compared to un-inoculated rice crop and the crop treated with other bacterial cultures. The Azospirillum sp. showed non-significant difference with PAU recommended biofertilizer for rice crop. The microbial population was found to be significantly improved with the use of biofertilizer as compared to uninoculated control. The bacterial culture Azospirillum sp. was found to be best culture in terms of PGP traits, growth and yield of rice crop.