Thumbnail Image

Thesis

Browse

20201
Reset filters
Subject: Mathematics × Author: Parhanpreet Kaur × End date: 2022 × Start date: 2020 × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
Reset filters

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of temperature on ultrasonic velocity in adulterated mustard oil
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2020) Parhanpreet Kaur; Paramjit Singh
    The utilisation of edible oils for consumption has been in vogue since time immortal. The heavy consumption of edible oils lead to adulteration which degrades the quality and nutritional value of oils. Pure edible oil is adulterated with low quality oil having similar appearance as that of pure edible oil. The method to detect adulteration in edible oil should be a non-destructive test as it does not influence the chemical composition of sample. Ultrasonic waves are used for detection of adulteration because these are non-destructive, non-toxic and have many applications in food processing. In the present study, palm oil was used as an adulterant in pure mustard oil because of its similar appearance and easily mixing character. The parameters like ultrasonic velocity, viscosity and density were measured for different concentrations (100, 90, 80, 70 and 60%) of mustard oil at different temperature (30, 40, 50, 60 and 70˚C). From these parameters, further thermodynamic parameters like surface tension, adiabatic compressibility, bulk modulus, acoustic impedance and intermolecular free length were calculated. Except density, all parameters showed significant results with different temperature and concentration. Ultrasonic velocity, density, surface tension, bulk modulus and acoustic impedance were found to decrease linearly with temperature while viscosity decreased exponentially with temperature. Other parameters like adiabatic compressibility and intermolecular free length increased linearly with temperature. The linear correlation of logarithmic ultrasonic velocity with logarithmic density and ultrasonic velocity with logarithmic viscosity were observed. Another linear correlation between surface tension and intermolecular free length was also confirmed.