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20113
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Subject: Human Development and Family Studies × End date: 2011 × Start date: 2011 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Quality of Intergenerational relationships across families of working and non-working women of Ludhiana city
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2011) Kushagra Joshi
    The present study investigates the quality of intergenerational relationships as perceived by the members of first (elderly parents) generation who co-reside with those of the second generation (son and his spouse). The study is based upon a sample of 120 families comprised of 480 respondents (fathers-in-law; mothers-in-law; sons and daughters-in-law from each family) drawn equally from upper- and lower-middle socio-economic strata and distributed equally over two groups by ‘working’/’non-working’ status of daughter-in-law. Various relationship issues, reciprocity and quality of relationship were assessed by administering either the standardized or self-structured research instruments. The results revealed significant socio-economic differences in perception for various relationship issues and quality of relationship between and within first and second generations for families with working and non-working daughter-in-law.  Male members of both first and second generations from both socio-economic strata scored significantly more in their perception of quality of relationship. Only mothers-in-law of ‘working’ daughter-in-law perceived their relationship quality significantly better when compared with mothers-in-law of ‘non-working’ daughter-in-law in Upper-middle socio-economic status. Daughter-in-law and parents-in-law dyad reported significant inter-generational differences for more number of relationship issues than any other dyad. Members of first generation revealed congruence in perception for more number of relationship issues, reciprocity and quality of relationship where daughter-in-law was ‘working’ while, second generation revealed more perceptual harmony where daughter-in-law was ‘non-working’. Multivariate analysis revealed that work status of daughter-in-law and socio-economic status did not contribute significantly in prediction of quality of relationship in both the generations from upper as well as lower-middle socio-economic strata.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Impact of loneliness on Mental Health among adolescents
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2011) Rupinder Kaur
    The investigation entitled Impact of Loneliness on Mental Health among Adolescents aimed to explore the level of loneliness among rural and urban adolescents and its impact on their mental health. The study was based on a sample of 200 (100 boys and 100 girls) adolescents in the age range of 14-16 years belonging to Punjabi origin , nuclear and middle socio economic status families. The sample was randomly drawn from four Government High and Senior Secondary Schools selected purposively from rural as well as urban areas of Ludhiana district. The Socio Economic Status Scale developed by Meenakshi (2010) was used to categorize the adolescents according to low, middle and high socio economic status. Perceived Loneliness Scale developed by Jha (1971) was used to assess the incidence and extent of perceived loneliness among adolescents. Mental Health Battery developed by Singh and Gupta (2000) was used to assess the mental health status of the respondents. Results revealed a significant association between loneliness and gender of the adolescents. While loneliness was found to be non significantly associated with the place of residence of the respondents. In the urban as well as rural areas loneliness was found to be significantly associated with gender of the respondents. Females were found to have high level of loneliness as compared to males. Significant gender differences were also observed between male and female respondents with regard to loneliness. Females were found to have high mean scores as compared to males. Further the locale of the respondents was significantly associated with the different dimensions of mental health like autonomy, security-insecurity and intelligence security-insecurity and intelligence. Loneliness was found to significantly affecting the emotional stability, overall adjustment and total mental health of the adolescents.
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    DYNAMICS OF INDIVIDUAL AND CONTEXTUAL FACTORS OF HAPPINESS AMONG RURAL ADOLESCENTS LIVING IN SOCIO-ECONOMIC HARDSHIP
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2011) Neha Sharma
    The present study entitled “Dynamics of individual and contextual factors of happiness among rural adolescents living in socio-economic hardship” was undertaken to assess the level of happiness among rural adolescents experiencing persistent socio-economic hardship and to examine the contribution of individual attributes like self-esteem and personality patterns and contextual factors like family functioning, perceived social support and life events, on happiness of rural poor adolescents. An interplay between the psychological and contextual variables as a causal chain in the process of happiness was also studied. The sample included 360 adolescents (15-18 years of age) belonging to intact two parent families and living in conditions of socio-economic hardship. The results revealed that despite living in conditions of socio-economic hardship, majority of rural adolescents perceived high degree of happiness. Female adolescents perceived significantly more happiness in their life as compared to their male counterparts. Males manifested significantly higher psychoticism in their personality, greater self esteem and more independence, whereas, females were significantly more extravert and expressive. Correlation analysis revealed that psychoticism was significantly negatively correlated with happiness among adolescents. Self-esteem among adolescents, accepting and caring family environment and social support were significantly positively correlated with happiness. The happiest group of adolescents held significantly higher self-esteem, were less psychotic, experienced less stressful life events, lower family conflict, control and perceived more social support as compared to the unhappy adolescents. Regression analysis revealed that psychotic personality pattern emerged as a strongest risk factor, whereas, social support emerged as the strongest protective factor. Interplay between happiness and individual and contextual factors revealed that self-esteem functioned as a mediator between happiness and its determinants like social support and stressful life events among adolescents, whereas, psychoticism showed a direct negative path to happiness and indirect path through social support.