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2016 - 201912020 - 20221
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Subject: Home Science Extension Education × Author: Rai, Anjana × Start date: 2010 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Perception of farm families towards farming as an occupation
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2022) Rai, Anjana; Sidhu, Kiranjot
    The present study was conducted in Punjab to analyse the perception of 200 farm families represented by male child studying in class 10/11/12, father and mother towards farming as an occupation using an interview schedule. Majority of farm families were cultivating between 5 to 15 acres of land, annually earning upto three lakhs with farming as primary source of income. Loan for agricultural purposes was used for constructing houses, marriage or sending members abroad. WhatsApp was most used media. Prevalence of mono cropping was observed with product being sold in raw form in the nearest market. Very low physical involvement of mother and children was found in farming activities. Most of the farm families had negative perception towards farming as an occupation and it significantly varied within factors (economic, social, personal, physical and psychological) and zones but not between three members of the family. Farming and farm related enterprises were not the first choice of occupation. Government job was considered an occupation and was first choice of majority of parents and children. Going abroad was the first preference of those not interested in choosing any career options in India. Higher, fixed income, luxurious life, security, social status were basis for making the choice. Positive perception led to better ranking of farming Father and child who perceive farming to be economically profitable were more inclined towards it as an occupation. Families having more cultivated land perceive farming more positively as an occupation. Parents age, education and exposure to different media significantly and positively impacted their perception. Physical involvement of mother in farming impacted their perception . Socially active fathers were more inclined towards farming. Based upon the findings it is recommended that carrier counselling should be an integral part of school activities and children and their parents should be made aware of, not only the conventional occupational choices, but occupational choices which can be pursued along with farming but based upon aptitude of the child. They should be persuaded to learn skills particularly those which can help them to substitute income from farming and can be undertaken along with farming. Extension personnel should conduct programmes to improve perception towards farming and help children make appropriate occupational choices. Economic, social, physical, personal and psychological factors associated with farming should be highlighted during such programmes through sharing success stories in farming and allied activities.
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    Factors affecting academic performance and aspirations of undergraduate students of Punjab agricultural University, Ludhiana
    (2016) Rai, Anjana; Kanwaljit Kaur
    The present study was conducted to know and compare the factors affecting academic performance and aspirations of undergraduate students of Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. A sample of 150 students was selected through purposive sampling technique from three colleges of PAU, Ludhiana having Government funded programmes namely B.Sc. (Hons.) Home Science, B.Sc. (Hons.) Agriculture, B.Tech. (Agricultural Engineering & Technology). Data were collected with the help of specially prepared questionnaire. Factors affecting academic performance of the students were identified by consulting literature and after discussion with members of advisory committee. Major factors affecting academic performance in study were socio- personal, academic, teachers, parents, guidance and councelling etc. The findings revealed that 53 percentage of students had medium and 19 per cent had high level of academic performance. Fifty five percentage of students aspired for further study followed by service in Government and private sector. Only six percent of the students were aspired to become entrepreneur. Horticulture, Soil Science, Farm Machinery and Power Engineering, Soil and Water Engineering, Food and Nutrition and Human Development subjects were preferred by the students in their respective post- graduation programme. Significant variations were found among students of different colleges in relation to extra coaching at 10 +2 level, reasons for taking admission in PAU, study habits, college facilities, participation as well as level of participation in sports and cultural activities, teachers attention to personal needs and problems, biasness by teachers, help form advisor at time of problem, incentive by parents for higher academic performance and aspirations for job in Government sector. Significant relationship was observed between academic performance of the students and other factors like percentage of marks and extra coaching at 10+2 level, appearance in supplementary and compartment examination, study habits, health status, participation in sports and cultural activities. Use of internet, family type, family size, getting scholarship, involvement in students union activities, biasness by teachers towards students, encouragement in class activities by teachers, punishment by parents, were significantly associated with academic performance of the students. There was no association of the level of academic performance, father’s occupation and mother’s occupation with aspirations of the students, but significant association was observed between aspirations of the students and independent variables like father’s education, mother’s education, counseling services and family background.