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20181
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Subject: Genetics and Plant Breeding × Author: Sandeep Kaur × Type: Thesis ×
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    Paddy straw, Growth, Lignocellulolytic, Laccase, Endoglucanase, Exoglucanase , -glucosidase, Pretreatment, Biogas, Delftia sp. PP4_S3, Coriolus versicolor MTCC 138
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2018) Sandeep Kaur; Dhillon, Satwinder Kaur
    Soybean harbours many anti-nutrients unsuitable for human digestive tract, among them “Kunitz Trypsin inhibitor (Kti)” is major anti-nutrient inhibiting activity of digestive proteases. Further, the crop is prone to devastating biotic stress i.e. yellow mosaic virus (YMV) prevalent in northern region of the country. Therefore, the present study was planned to identify YMV resistant soybean genotypes carrying null kti gene and cross was made between SL525 x NRC101 to develop YMV resistant and Kti free soybean genotypes. SL525 is YMV resistant but has Kti gene on the other hand NRC101 susceptible to YMV and lacks Kti gene referred to as ‘null kti’. A total of 45 F4 lines of the cross were screened for YMV resistance using infector row technique in kharif 2017. A total of 125 genotypes were selected and grown in kharif 2017 as F5 generation. Molecular markers (gene specific and SSR markers linked with kti locus) were used to screen plants for presence/absence of Kti allele. A total of 65 genotypes were Kti positive, 50 null kti and 10 genotypes were heterozygote. Phenotyping was done by measuring trypsin inhibitor activity (TIA). Consequently, the genotypes lacking Kti allele recorded reduced levels of TIA. Furthermore, YMV resistance of F5 genotypes was confirmed by molecular markers and phenotypic screening. Analysis of variance of F5 genotypes revealed that genetic variation for the morphological and quality traits was present in genotypes. Trypsin inhibitor activity was observed to be positively correlated with germination, days to maturity, plant height, grain yield and seed weight. Non significant direct effect of TIA was observed on grain yield whereas traits such as germination at 6 months after harvest, number of pods per plant, 100-seed weight, plant height, days to maturity showed significant positive direct effect on grain yield. The comparison of performance of null kti and kti genotypes revealed that null kti genotypes had low germination, delayed maturity, less grains and lower TIA values in comparison to kti genotypes whereas traits such as days to flowering, plant height, pods/plants, seed weight, oil content, protein content, fatty acid composition were unaffected by allele present. A total of 14 null kti genotypes had significantly higher grain yield than SL525 and these genotypes were resistant to yellow mosaic disease.