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20192
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Subject: Genetics and Plant Breeding × Author: Parminder Singh × Start date: 2010 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    Genetic enhancement for kernel elongation of rice variety Basmati 370
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2019) Parminder Singh; Sidhu, Navjot
    India is a major exporter of Basmati rice in the international market due to exemplary quality traits. Attempts were made to characterize the aromatic rices which possess a wide array of diversity which can be incorporated in Basmati improvement programmes. A set of 36 aromatic accessions was evaluated for various morphological and quality traits during Kharif 2017. Significant genotypic variations was observed for days to 50% flowering, plant height, ear bearing tillers/m2, number of grains per panicle, lodging, grain yield, milled rice recovery, head rice recovery, grain length, grain breadth, length/breadth ratio and kernel length after cooking. The genotypes Laldhan, Hung-mi-hriang-matsan, UPR 35565-10-1-1, IET 22187 (RP 4594-121-148-24-11) and Basmati 867 were early in maturity. The genotypes, IR 841- 85-1-1-2 was early maturing, semi-dwarf, and high yielding along with good tillering ability and high number of grains per panicle. Another genotype, IET 22187 (RP 4594-121-148-24- 11) was early maturing and high yielding along with high grain length and good kernel length after cooking. Two genotypes, Bony Cay and Kalikhasa showed resistance to bacterial blight against pathotype PbXo-7. These genotypes can be used in Basmati improvement programmes for various traits. With an aim of combining the elongation ratio of Pusa Basmati 1509 with long slender grain type of Basmati 370, a large F2 population derived from a cross of Pusa Basmati 1509 and Basmati 370 was subjected to quality analysis. Considerable variation was observed for all the progenies. Among these, 53 progenies were identified which possessed desirable grain length suitable for raw milling. Two progenies, 18091 and 18678 also possessed good KLAC and thus can be used to select best segregants in the near future.
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    Morpho-physiological and molecular characterization of drought pyramided PR121 variety of rice (Oryza sativa L.)
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2019) Parminder Singh; Parminder Singh; Rupinder Kaur; Rupinder Kaur
    Punjab is a major rice producing state of India. It is facing the problem of receding water table due to intensive cultivation. Thus, attempts were made to improve the water use efficiency of the predominantly grown high yielding variety PR121 by introducing two drought QTLs qDTY1.1 and qDTY3.1 from donor parent IR96321-1447-561-B-1 using marker assisted selection (MAS). A set of 72 BC1F4 lines in the background of PR121 derived from this cross was evaluated for various morpho-physiological traits under reproductive stage drought stress as well as non stress conditions during Kharif 2017. Significant genotypic variation was observed for days to 50% flowering, plant height, ear bearing tillers/m2, spikelet fertility, thousand grain weight, proline content, SPAD reading and yield/plant under both the environments.Most of the lines early under stress conditions. About 10 lines had similar days to flowering under both stress and non stress conditions. The plant height, ear bearing tillers/m2, spikelet fertility and grain yield/ plant were significantly reduced under water stress conditions while the proline content increased. The progeny lines 1680, 1690, 1883, 1922 and 1975 had good yield under both environments. The line 1883 had desirable maturity, high yield, drought tolerance traits as well as good milling quality. The 72 BC1F4 lines were subjected to foreground and background selection. Foreground selection showed presence of qDTY1.1, qDTY3.1 and both QTLs in 36, 15 and 21 lines respectively. Background selection was carried out using 56 polymorphic SSR markers present on 12 chromosomes. Maximum recurrent parent genome was present in the line 1607. Among the five best lines selected on the of morpho-physiological traits, the line 1922 showed maximum background recovery of 84.5% and line 1975 showed minimum background recovery of 58.8%. These lines also showed bacterial blight resistance against pathotype VII similar to the recurrent parent. These lines with drought tolerance will help to improve the water use efficiency of PR121 and also serve as a source to improve cultivars in the future.