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Subject: Genetics and Plant Breeding × Author: Binder Kaur × End date: 2019 × Start date: 2012 × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    Genetic variability for coleoptile length and seedling vigour in rice species, Oryza sativa L. and O. glaberrima Steud. and molecular characterization of introgression in interspecific progenies
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2016) Binder Kaur; Sidhu, Navjot
    Direct seeded rice (DSR) is a feasible alternative to conventional puddled transplanted rice in the north western plains amidst a looming water crisis and labour scarcity. But it is associated with poor seedling emergence and establishment. Early seedling vigor is the essential trait for direct seeded rice to dominate and smother the weed growth. There is need to identify genotypes specifically adapted to DSR conditions having early vigour. The present investigation was therefore carried out with the objective to determine genetic variability for early vigour and molecular characterization of introgressed segments from O. glaberrima into O. sativa in rice germplasm under dry direct seeded conditions. A set of 100 introgression lines derived from the cross of PR114/O. glaberrima //*2 PR114, 25 accessions of O. glaberrima, 14 cultivars of O. sativa and eleven elite rice breeding lines were evaluated in Kharif 2014 at two sowing depths D1 (2cm) and D2 (5cm). Data were recorded on various morphological traits i.e. seedling emergence, germination percentage, seedling height, SPAD reading, fresh shoot biomass, dry shoot biomass, fresh root biomass, dry root biomass and root length. Genotypes IL2968, IL3030, IR100983 and Pusa Basmati 1509 had best performance for seedling emergence, SPAD, seedling height at D1. The sowing depth significantly influenced the expression of different characters. IL2968, IL2970, IL3030, IL3062, PR 115, PR114, PR123 and Pusa Basmati 1509 had early emergence, good germination percentage, root length and SPAD value at both the depths. Seedling emergence showed significant negative correlation with all observed characters. SPAD reading was positively correlated with root length. Twenty six introgression lines selected on the basis of early vigour as compared to recurrent parent PR114 and best suited variety under DSR, PR115 were evaluated for plant height, days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, spikelet fertility, and grain yield under DSR in field conditions.So the desirable genotypes viz. IL3023, IL3030 and IL3062 showed high spikelet fertility, grain yield with intermediate plant height. A significant positive correlation was observed between spikelet fertility and grain yield. Molecular characterization of introgression of O. glaberrima chromosome segments was assessed. Ninety six markers out of 197 SSR primers screened were polymorphic between PR114 and parental lines of O. glaberrima. Genotyping of the 41 lines was done using 46 markers. Maximum introgression found on chromosome no. 2 and 11.The introgression lines IL3023, IL3030 and IL3062 with recovered background can directly be used in direct seeded rice breeding program for transfer of early vigor traits to the popular varieties.