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2016 - 201919
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Subject: Forestry × End date: 2019 × Start date: 2012 × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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Now showing 1 - 9 of 19
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    Impact of moisture gradient on seed germination behaviour and uses of root pruner for quality seedlings production in Albizia lebbeck (Linn.) Benth.
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2019) Yadwinder Singh; Avtar Singh
    The present investigation entitled “Impact of moisture gradient on seed germination behaviour and uses of root pruner for quality seedlings production in Albizia lebbeck (Linn.) Benth.” was carried out in the Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. The different concentrations of polyethylene glycol (PEG 6000) studied influenced significantly germination parameters of Siris viz., germination percentage, mean daily germination, peak value, and germination value and hypocotyl length. The control treatment (pure water) had highest germination percentage, mean daily germination, peak value, and germination value and hypocotyl length. There were decreases in all the studied germination parameters with increase in concentration of polyethylene glycol (PEG 6000). The different irrigation interval (days) followed for seedling production exhibited that different moisture gradients in nursery soil affected significantly the seedling growth parameters viz., seedling height, collar diameter, number of leaves, leaf area, number of leafs per seedling, fresh shoot weight, fresh root weight, chlorophyll a content, chlorophyll b content, nutrient uptake in leafs (N,P,K) and root : shoot ratio. There were decreases in all the studied growth parameters (except root : shoot ratio) recorded with increase in irrigation interval studied. Out of the three container size of hyco-trays studied, the container size (volume of each cell) of 300 cc had significantly the highest seedling height, collar diameter, number of leaves, leaf area, fresh shoot weight, fresh root weight, total chlorophyll, nitrogen content in leaf, phosphorus content in leaf, potassium content in leaf and root; shoot ratio as compared to container size 93 cc and 150 cc. There were increase in all the studied growth parameters (except root: shoot ratio) studied with increase in size of root containers, which could be attributed to more growing media and nutrients, and higher water holding capacity in large sized containers.
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    Progeny testing and standardization of macropropagation of Toona ciliata M. Roem under Punjab conditions
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2019) Kundal, Mohit; Thakur, Sapna
    The present investigation entitled “Progeny testing and standardization of macropropagation of Toona ciliata M. Roem under Punjab conditions” was conducted in the Department of Forestry and Natural Resources during 2018-19. Superior one year old progenies of twenty four genotypes from eight seed sources viz. Talwara, Kamahi Devi, Ludhiana, Sujanpur, Salouni, Chabutra, Shah Tarai and Suhari Takoli were selected from previous nursery trial and were evaluated for growth under field conditions for one year. Seed source (S3) Ludhiana exhibited outstanding performance for growth parameters. Among genotypes, progenies of S3G7 (Ludhiana), S3G8 (Ludhiana), S1G1 (Talwara) and S2G4 (Kamahi Devi) performed better for growth traits. Juvenile stem cuttings treated with different concentrations of IBA and NAA (500 ppm, 1000 ppm, 1500 ppm and 2000 ppm) were planted in two media i.e., vermiculite and Soil:Sand:FYM (1:1:1) in hyco-trays under mist chamber conditions. Cuttings treated with IBA 500 ppm and planted in vermiculite media gave better results for sprouting per cent, rooting per cent, survival per cent and average root length. Moderate heritability with moderate genetic gain was observed for branch angle and plant height. Highly significant and positive genotypic and phenotypic correlation was observed for plant height with collar diameter, number of branches and straightness score and collar diameter with number of branches. The genotypes were clustered into three distinct groups with maximum diversity of (30.68) between cluster I and cluster III.
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    Priming of Acacia nilotica seeds to improve germination and seedling growth
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2019) Arjun Singh; Avtar Singh
    The present study “Priming of Acacia nilotica seeds to improve germination and seedling growth” was conducted at teaching area of department of Forestry & Natural Resources in the Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. The field experiment was conducted during two seasons i.e. Rainy season (July 2017) and autumn season (February 2018). Experiment consists of 10 seed priming treatments with KCl, NaCl and CaCl2 at 5, 10 and 15 Mmole and hydro priming (control). Among the season of sowing, significant increase in germination, growth and biomass parameters was observed in Rainy season than Autumn season. Among seed priming chemicals highest germination parameters viz. germination percentage, germination peak value, mean daily germination and germination value were recorded maximum in seeds treated with KCl 10 Mmole while the minimum for NaCl 5 Mmole. In case of growth attributes viz. seedling height, number of branches per plant, collar diameter, root length and root diameter were higher for treatment i.e CaCl2 10 Mmole, CaCl2 Mmole, KCl 15 Mmole, KCl 10 Mmole and KCl 10 Mmole respectively. Biomass parameters viz. shoot fresh weight, root fresh weight, shoot dry weight and root dry weight were recorded highest in calcium chloride 15 Mmole, CaCl2 10 Mmole, CaCl2 10 Mmole and CaCl2 10 Mmole, respectively. While seed priming with NaCl recorded lower growth and biomass attributes of seedlings. In general it can be concluded that seed priming with CaCl2 and KCl are suitable primer for increasing seed germination and growth and biomass of Acacia nilotica seedlings.
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    Genetic study of Eucalyptus clones for growth and wood traits
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2019) Pavneet Kaur; Dhillon, G.P.S.
    Eucalyptus is widely adopted by farmers of North-western India and provides raw material for plywood and paper industries. The present study entitled “Genetic study of Eucalyptus clones for growth and wood traits” was conducted at Department of Forestry & Natural Resources, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, to investigate variation among the clones for various growth and wood traits. From an established replicated clonal trial, data were recorded on growth traits of ten clones. Two trees from each of the four rotations were felled and wood samples at four heights base, 25, 50 and 75 % of total height for working out volume (over bark and under bark) of all logs. Data on bark thickness, heartwood content and log end splits were recorded. Specific gravity, fibre length, fibre width, holocellulose content were estimated following the established methods. Significant differences were found among the clones for all the growth and wood traits, the clone P-46 and P-23 were promising for growth traits. Per tree volume (over bark) ranged from 0.083 m3 to 0.247 m3. Specific gravity varied from 0.71 to 0.77 with the maximum value in clone 3021. The clone 2013 showed maximum holocellulose (70.05%) followed by clone 413 and minimum percentage was recorded in clone 3021. Sampling height also had significant influence on bark thickness, softwood heartwood ratio, wood specific gravity, fibre traits and holocellulose content. All the traits witnessed significant reduction in values with the increase in the sampling height, except for softwood heartwood ratio and holocellulose content which recorded significant increase with the bole height. Growth traits showed significant and highly positive correlation with diameter volume, bark thickness, split index and holocellulose content. The heritability varied from 0.44 (diameter) to 0.78 (volume over bark). Clone P-48 and P-46 ere promising ones on basis of index score analysis.
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    Evaluation of turmeric (Curcuma longa L) varieties for their growth and yield performance under poplar (Populus deltoides Bartr. ex. Marsh) block plantation
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2019) Sanjaykumar Bijakal B; Gill, R.I.S.
    The present investigation entitled “Evaluation of turmeric (Curcuma longa L) varieties for their growth and yield performance under poplar (Populus deltoides Bartr. ex. Marsh) block plantation” was carried out at main research area of the Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana during the year 2018-19. The study was carried out to screen the suitable shade tolerant turmeric varieties under poplar plantation. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with the two environments (poplar and open) as main plot, and ten turmeric varieties viz. PH-1, PH-2, PH-8, PH-21, PH-22, PH-24, PH-42, KMC-11, KMC-12 and SD-3 as sub-plot. Various growth and yield parameters were recorded for both trees and crops. The turmeric crop showed positive effect on the tree growth parameters such as tree height, diameter at breast height and crown spread. The average temperature was recorded higher under open conditions as compared to poplar plantation whereas relative humidity was recorded higher under poplar plantation as compared to open conditions. The variety SD-3 recorded the highest yield in both the environments and yield was significantly higher than rest of the varieties. After SD-3, turmeric variety PH-24 recorded the second highest dry yield in both environments and it was at par with check PH-2. There was 79 per cent weight loss when fresh rhizomes were processed into dry weight. Average yield reduction of 43% was observed when turmeric grown under four-year-old poplar block plantation as compared to open conditions, the yield reduction varies with varieties. Lowest dry yield was recorded in variety PH-8. The curcumin content increased by 4.95 per cent when turmeric was grown under poplar as compared to the open conditions. The variety PH-42 recorded the highest per cent curcumin content (4.52) and it was significantly higher than rest of the varieties. Though the variety PH-42 was not in the top three high yielding varieties still it produced the highest curcumin yield [163.53 kg ha-1 in open and 95.37 kg ha-1 under poplar]. Although the yield of SD-3 was the highest but the white colour of its rhizomes may not be acceptable for commercial production. Overall, it is better to grow the variety PH-42 to get more curcumin yield and the variety PH-24 to get more dry powder yield.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on seed source variability of Dalbergia sissoo and macro-propagation of Dalbergia latifolia
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2019) Gurpinder Singh; Dhillon, G.P.S.
    The present study entitled “Studies on seed source variability of Dalbergia sissoo and macro-propagation of Dalbergia latifolia” was carried out in the Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, PAU, Ludhiana (Punjab), during the period 2016-18. The study was conducted to observe variations due to seed sources collected from different locations under nursery conditions. Two to three superior trees per location were selected from each of the 15 seed sources. Significant differences among the seed sources and genotypes were observed for pod length, pod width and number of seeds/pod. Significant variations were also observed for various germination indices like germination percentage, mean daily germination, peak value and germination value, and various growth characters like shoot length, root length, shoot dry biomass and root dry biomass. The biochemical studies also revealed significant variations among the seed sources for total soluble sugars and total soluble proteins. Superior seed source was identified by using index scores based on different germination and growth characters. Seed source 7 collected from Patiala obtained the highest score, while seed source 3, 11 and 13 from Jodhpur, Nangal and Barnala, respectively obtained the lowest score. In macro-propagation study, the cuttings of Dalbergia latifolia treated with IBA (0 ppm, 2000 ppm, 4000 ppm and 6000 ppm) were planted in mist chamber conditions in three seasons i.e. Dec-Jan, March-April and July-Aug. Non-significant results were obtained for sprouting percentage during all the seasons. No rooting was observed in any treatment.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Morphological and physiological behavior of Casuarina clones under saline environment
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2019) Palwinder Singh; Garg, Rakesh Kumar
    The present investigation was undertaken in Nursery area of Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana during the year 2017 to evaluate the growth potential of Casuarina clones under saline environment and understanding the physiological mechanism of salt tolerance. Two months old seedlings of eight Casuarina clones (four clones of Casuarina junghuhniana and four clones of inter-specific hybrids of C. equisetifolia x C. junghuhniana) were transplanted in earthen pots during first week of January. Different concentrations of NaCl viz., 0, 40, 80 and 120 mM were given with irrigation water and continued till the end of experiment. Plant growth of various clones decreased with increase in levels of salinity. At salinity treatment of 120 mM NaCl, clone IFGTB CJ-108 was found to be the most salt tolerant clone as this clone showed the minimum decrease in plant height (51%), collar diameter (49%) and root length (49%) as compared to control i.e. no salinity treatment. Higher tolerance of this clone to the salinity is attributed to the more accumulation of compatible osmolytes as maximum increase in TSS (101%), reducing sugars (89%) and proline content (135%) was observed in this clone at 120 mM as compared to control. On the basis of the morphological and physiological parameters, the sequence of different clones for salt tolerance is IFGTB CJ-108> CH-6> CJ-9> CH-5> CJ-7> CH-1> CJ-10> CH-2.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of poplar-based microclimate on intercultivation of onion
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2018) Jyoti Devi; Gill, R.I.S.
    The present study entitled ‘Effect of poplar-based microclimate on intercultivation of onion’ was carried out at main research area of the Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana during the year 2016-2017 and 2017-18. The study was carried out to optimize the planting time of different onion varieties under poplar plantation. An experiment was laid out during three planting times viz. end-December, mid- January and end-January with the four onion varieties viz. Pb-Naroya, PRO-6, PWO-35 and PRSC-10. The experiment was laid out in split-split plot design with the two environments as main plot, three times of planting as sub-plot and four onion varieties as sub-sub plot. Various growth and yield parameters were recorded for both trees and crops. The onion crop showed positive effect on the tree growth parameters such as tree height, diameter at breast height and crown spread. The average temperature was recorded higher under open conditions as compared to poplar plantation whereas relative humidity was recorded higher under poplar plantation as compared to under open conditions. The average total bulb yield was recorded higher under two-year-old plantation (188 q/ha) as compared to the bulb yield under threeyear- old plantation (175.5 q/ha). The average total bulb yield was recorded higher under open conditions (222.5 q/ha) as compared to poplar plantation (128.5 q/ha). Under open conditions, the mean bulb yield of end-December planted crop (253.1 q/ha) was significantly higher than the mid-January (235.8 q/ha) and end-January (194.5 q/ha) planted crop. Among the varieties, the mean bulb yield was found maximum in PWO-35 (259.5 q/ha) which was followed by Pb-Naroya (235.8 q/ha), PRO-6 (223.6 q/ha) and PRSC-10 (192.4 q/ha). Under poplar plantation parameters viz. number of leaves, plant height, weight of plant before and after curing, average fresh bulb weight, dry matter content and TSS content was recorded maximum in the end-December planted crop which was followed by mid-January and end- January planted crop. Among the varieties, PWO-35 variety performed much better than the other three varieties. Overall, the best combination of planting time and variety in the present study was observed to be end-December planting time and PWO-35 variety.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Growth and biomass production of different Eucalyptus species on riverine soils of Punjab
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2018) Harmandeep Singh; Garg, Rakesh Kumar
    A field experiment entitled “Growth and biomass production of different Eucalyptus species on riverine soils of Punjab” was conducted at University Seed Farm of Punjab Agricultural University Ladhowal, Ludhiana during 2016-17. Five different species of Eucalyptus were studied to compare the growth and biomass production and to investigate the changes in soil physico-chemical properties after one year of harvesting of trees under riverine soils of Punjab. Different parameters for tree growth (tree height, collar diameter, DBH, canopy spread) and tree biomass (fresh stem weight, fresh branch weight, fresh leaf weight and bark biomass) were recorded. Soil parameters (soil pH, EC, soil organic carbon, bulk density, available N, P and K) were also observed. Results of the present study clearly indicated that the tree growth and biomass of clone was maximum in Eucalyptus 288 clone as compared to other four Eucalyptus species. Soil physico-chemical properties were better under tree plantation having organic matter in the form of litter fall as compared to the soil one year after harvesting of plantation. Soil pH, electric conductivity, soil organic carbon, available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium decreased after one year of harvesting.