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ThesisItem Restricted Integrated Weed Management in Gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.)(Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2019) Anish Chander; Dhatt, K. K.This present investigation entitled “Integrated weed management in gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.)” was carried out at Research Farm, Department of Floriculture and Landscaping, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab during 2018-2019. Different mulching materials viz. black 25μ, silver on black 25μ, transparent 25μ and white 50μ polythene mulch and paddy straw mulch at 1 kg, 1.5 kg, 2 kg/m2 were used. The effect on vegetative, floral and corm production along with their effect on weed control was studied to ascertain the effective mulching material that can promote the plant growth, suppress the weed growth and increase weed control efficiency. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with three replications in each treatment. The results showed significant increase in the above-mentioned plant growth parameters than the control. Transparent and white polythene mulch showed earliness in sprouting (9.23 days) and (9.27 days), bud initiation (55.61 days and 56.22 days) and days to flowering (74.07 days 75.50 days). Black polythene mulch showed better plant growth in terms of plant height (90.30 cm), spike length (75.31 cm). The number of florets per spike (12.39) and the duration of flowering (15.60 days) was the maximum in white polythene mulch (50 μ). Black polythene mulch showed better cormel growth in terms of corm per plant (1.86), corm weight (61.20 g) and cormels per plant (28.35). The predominant weeds observed were Oenothera laciniata, Coronopus didymus and Poa annua. The maximum weed count was observed in the weedy check plot (39.76) along with maximum weed fresh weight (41.26g) and dry weight (26.99g). Pendimethalin @ 0.5 kg/ha recorded the minimum weed count (1.75). Hand-weeded plot showed maximum weed control efficiency (WCE) (100 %). Paddy straw mulch 1 kg/ m2 conserved the soil moisture the most (9.82 %). The average maximum soil temperature during the investigation was found to be in transparent polythene mulch 25μ and white polythene mulch 50μ. The transparent polythene mulch 25μ and white polythene mulch 50μ showed earliness in sprouting, bud initiation and days to flowering. The black polythene mulch 25μ promoted plant growth in terms of plant height, spike length and duration of flowering and enhanced cormel growth in terms of corms and cormel per plant along with corm weight and also suppressed the weeds efficiently with minimum weed count recorded (2.33).