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Thesis

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2011 - 20162
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Subject: Farm, Machinery and Power × Start date: 2010 × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    Design and fabrication of pea depoding machine
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2011) Parminder Kamboj
    Agro processing is regarded as a sunrise sector of Indian economy in view of its large potential for employment and income generation. In India, post- harvest processing of agricultural produce is very low in comparison to other countries, which may be mainly due to lack of processing technologies. There is a dire need to develop more processing machinery for value addition of agricultural produce with a reduction in time and labour. Pea is an important cool season, leguminous crop of India. Manual removal of peas from pods is a labourious and time consuming job with one person depod about 3-3.5 kg of peas from pods in one hour. In view of non-availability of efficient pea depoding machine work on design and fabrication of power operated pea depoding machine was undertaken by Department of Processing and Food Engineering, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. Computer aided design of machine was made by using “Solid Works” software. The machine is based on the principle of friction generated by the rubbing of pea pods between the blade and the sieve of the machine which helps in opening the pods of pea grains. The model of machine was fabricated by using the low cost material available in the market and computer aided design helps to find dimensions of various components of machine in very small time. A simulation model of machine was made, which gives very fine representation of machine components. Performance evaluation of machine was done to optimize these machine parameters by such as RPM of blades shaft, blade size and clearance between sieve and blades. Based upon performance analysis the depoding efficiency of pea was 95.4% and whole grain efficiency of peas was 91.3% with grain damage of 2% was obtained at 60 RPM and 10 mm clearance between blades and sieve by using blades of 2.5” size aligned at angle of 1800 with respect to each other. This machine is simple in design and is capable of extracting 30 kg/h of shelled peas. This technology will save time and labour and will provide maximum benefits to the farming community by enhancing their income
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    Performance evaluation of a tractor operated trailed type boom sprayer
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2016) Jassowal, Navneet Singh; Shashi Kumar Singh
    A tractor operated trailed type boom prayer was selected to evaluate its performance under local agro-climatic conditions. To select suitable operational parameters of the sprayer, the sprayer was initially tested under laboratory conditions. Under laboratory conditions, it was observed that the nozzles spaced at 50 cm apart on the boom gave comparatively uniform spray distribution when the sprayer was operated at higher pressure keeping nozzle height 55-60 cm above the target surface. The droplet density varied from 29 to 174 drops/cm2.The area covered by droplet spots on the leaves under laboratory conditions varied from 9.10 to 25.06 mm2/cm2 and volume of spray deposition on upper side of leaves varied from 194.11 to 626.23 ×10-6 cc/cm2. The sprayer was operated in the cotton field at three forward speeds (2.5, 3.5 and 4 km/h) and at five fluid flow pressures (3.5, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0 and 7.0 kg/cm2)for its performance evaluation. The droplet density on leaves varied from 26 to 177 drops/cm2.Area covered by droplet spots on upper side of the top leaves, middle leaves and bottom leaves varied from 14.18 to 24.70 mm2/cm2, 11.01 to 23.07 mm2/cm2 and 8.74 to 17.22 mm2/cm2 respectively. Volume of spray deposition on upper side of the top leaves, middle leaves and bottom leaves varied from 330.19 to 677.87 × 10-6 cc/cm2, 293.27 to 633.99 × 10-6 cc/cm2 and 202.71 to 685.57 × 10-6 cc/cm2 respectively.