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ThesisItem Open Access Development and evaluation of multi-nozzle backpack type power sprayer(Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2018) Avesh Kumar Singh; Manes, G.S.The study deals with the development and evaluation of multi-nozzle backpack type power sprayer, which can be used to spray at all stages of cotton crop by using the boom both in horizontal (during early stages of crop) and in vertical (during maturity stage) position. Three types of nozzles N1, N2 and N3 were evaluated in laboratory using patternator at three nozzle pressures P1 (3.0 kg/cm2), P2 (4.5 kg/cm2) and P3 (6.0 kg/cm2) and at three target distance D1 (540 mm), D2 (340 mm) and D3 (250 mm) respectively. Based on laboratory results, rate of discharge, angle of spray and swath width were found non-significant for nozzle N1 & N3. Thereby, Nozzle N1 and Nozzle N2 were selected for mounting on the boom according to overlapped pattern (minimum CV) of nozzle N1 and Nozzle N2 at a pressure of 3.0 kg/cm2 at different target distance. The sprayer was evaluated in the field for spraying on cotton crops at four different stages of growth (60,75,90 and 105 DAS) by fixing water sensitive paper on the plant at three locations of plant canopy (up and down of leaf). Uniformity coefficient and droplet density varied from 1.19 to 2.91 and 34.33 to 76.67. However, at a particular stage of crop the uniformity index and droplet density for some combination of locations was found non-significant thus depicting uniform spray. Field capacity for Nozzle N1 and N2 decreased from 0.34 ha/h to 0.09 ha/h and 0.28 ha/h to 0.09 ha/h when the position of boom was changed from or horizontal to vertical positions. Fuel consumption for spraying with nozzle N1 and nozzle N2 increased from 0.42 l/h to 0.60 l/h and 0.37 l/h to 0.50 l/h when the position of boom was changed from horizontal to vertical positions.