Loading...
Thesis
Browse
1 results
Search Results
ThesisItem Open Access Socio-Economic Implications of Migration from Bihar(Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2018) Sinha, Kumari Amrita; Gill, Jatinderjit KaurThe present study was conducted on “Socio-Economic Implications of Migration from Bihar”, with the objectives; to examine the socio-economic status of selected migrants from Bihar residing in Ludhiana; to study the pattern of remittances sent back home by migrants, its usage and socio-economic implications; to study the problems faced by sender, and receiver, of remittances. Purposive sampling technique was used to select 120 migrants from Bihar, who migrated to Punjab prior to 2011. The household belonging to the selected migrants in only three districts of Bihar state namely Nalanda, Samastipur and Muzaffarpur, 40 from each district were selected. Thus making the total sample of 240 (120 migrants from Ludhiana city and their corresponding 120 households in Bihar where they were sending the remittances). The data collection was done with the help of specially structured interview schedules; one for migrants in Ludhiana and another for their households back in Bihar. Gururaj et al (2015) modified Kuppuswamy as well as Pareek and Trivedi scales which were used to study the socio-economic status of respondents in Punjab and Bihar respectively. Results reveal that the major push factor of migration was poor industrial growth in Bihar and major pull factor was continuous employment or gets employment easily whenever required in Punjab. The socio-economic status of migrant’s family in Bihar was better than the migrants in Ludhiana. Migrants used to sent materials as well as money in the form of remittances. On an average, respondents were sending `6891.66 per month to their families. The main use of remittances was in saving for future (100.00%) followed by children’s education (75.83%) and purchase of land (63.33%). The highest socio-economic implication was seen on the increase in family income followed by clothing, relationship with relatives/neighbours, food quality, communication, social participation, health status, mode of transportation, housing, children’s education, leisure and knowledge/skills. Correlation among remittances sent and income of migrants as well as total family income showed that positive and highly significant correlation was observed of money and utility items with income of migrants and total family income. Migrants faced language problem due to which they were unable to mix with the local people. During sending of remittances migrants faced several problems among which high transportation cost, high postal charges of sending utility materials and lack of time during banking hours were the issues faced by all of the respondents. Migrants’ family in Punjab faced several problems related to social acceptance. Children and women of migrant’s family felt socially discriminated and exploited in school and neighbourhood respectively. In receiving of remittances maximum number of respondents did not had knowledge regarding use of ATM. Other financial issues were insufficient money, untimely wage and lack of banking knowledge.