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20146
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Subject: Extension Education × End date: 2014 × Start date: 2014 ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Impact of Self help groups on Women Empowerment in Punjab
    (PAU, 2014) Kaur, Lakhwinder; Kalra, Rajinder Kaur
    The present study entitled “Impact of self help groups on women empowerment in Punjab” was undertaken to determine the profile of the members of self help groups, impact of self help groups on empowerment of women, problems faced by the members of self help groups and extension approaches used by promoting agencies in organizing and managing group affairs. The study was conducted in the state of Punjab and a total of 200 members were selected based on the probability proportional to the size of members in each district. All the managers for promoting selected self help groups under different agencies were selected. Data were collected from members by using interview schedule and managers by using questionnaire approach. Results revealed that majority of the members of self help groups were young, matriculates, labourers, belonged to SC category, had family size of 4-6 members and earned up to Rs.65000 per annum. Most of self help groups engaged in food processing (5), tailoring (4), making of household products (3) and honey production (2). Most of the respondents availed training opportunities provided to them by different agencies for capacity building as a result of which they increased their income in the range of Rs.1000-1500 per month. A large number of women in Punjab developed courage to think independently (99.50%), understood group activities (96%) and managed group activities (95.5%) after joining the group. Furthermore the social empowerment of the members in terms of team spirit (97%), talked freely within family (94%), confidence in dealing with people (95.5%) were enhanced. The socio-personal and psychological traits like annual income, mass media exposure, extension contacts, scientific orientation, and group cohesiveness were found to have positive and significant relationship at 5 per cent level while education, economic motivation, achievement motivation and risk bearing capacity had positive and significant relationship at 1 per cent level with the women empowerment. All the traits jointly explained 47.9 per cent (R2 = 0.479) variation in the women empowerment of self help groups. Extension approaches like group discussion, trainings and group meetings were „always used by the managers of promoting agencies for empowering the members. Linkages with line department (83.33%), regularity in savings (75%) and division of labour (41.66%) were the strengthening points while group crisis (50%) , non-cooperation of family members (50%) and over-dependence on the leader of the group (33.33%) were the weak points of groups formed by various organizations. Lack of transport facilities (81.50%), procurement of good quality raw materials (61%) and non-cooperation of the family to attend training outstations (51%) were the major problems perceived by the respondents. The study would be beneficial to analyze the social, economic and managerial aspects for economically deprived women of the society for effective functioning of the groups as well as will facilitate stakeholders for better future planning regarding formation of the self help groups.
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    ThesisItemRestricted
    Content analysis of "Mera Pind Mere Khet Programme" of Doordarshan Kendra Jalandhar
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2014) Gill, Jagjeet Singh; Sharma, Anil Kumar
    The present study entitled Content Analysis of "Mera Pind Mere Khet Programme" of Doordarshan Kendra Jalandhar was under taken with the objectives to study the socio-economic profile of the respondents, to analysis the content of the programme “Mere Pind Mere Khet” (MPMK), to study respondents reactions about content of the programme and satisfaction level and to investigate the viewing behaviour of the respondents. From the three districts selected, two blocks were selected, from each district three villages were then selected from each block, and ten MPMK viewing farming families were selected selectively from each village. Adult member of each farming family were then selected. Thus the total sample comprised of 180 farmers for the present study. The data were collected by following personal interview approach method and were tabulated and analysed using appropriate statistical tools. The findings of the study revealed that one third of the respondents belonged to age group of 40-50 years and most were middle passed. Almost two third of the respondents had frequent extension contacts with agricultural sub-inspector. Less than half of the respondents read newspaper everyday, while one third of them viewed TV programme everyday. Package of practices of Rabi and Kharif crops along with PAU magazine were read by less than 50 per cent of the respondents. Majority of the respondents responded that speaker had up to date knowledge about subject matter, confidence, voice impression, speed and flow of presentation and clarity of contents. Less than half of the respondents were satisfied from timing of MPMK programme. It is suggested that the information should be provided in lively conditions and wrapped with traditionally embedded folk media.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Adoption gaps in recommended production techniques of Bt cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) in Muktsar district of Punjab
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2014) Amrik Singh; Bhalla, J.S.
    The study entitled “Adoption gaps in recommended production techniques of Bt cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L) in Muktsar district of Punjab” was undertaken with the objective to study the socio-personal characterstics of the farmers, to know the extent and level of adoption and problems faced by the farmers in adoption of recommended production techniques of Bt cotton. All the four blocks of Muktsar district viz. Muktsar, Malout, Lambi and Kotbhai were undertaken for the study and two villages from each block were selected thus the total sample size of 160 farmers were selected for the present study. The data were collected with the help of structured interview schedule by personally interviewing the respondents. Findings of the study revealed that majority of the respondents were in the age group below 35 years, educated upto middle, live in joint families, had large operational land holding (>35 acres), agriculture as a main source of income, low extension contacts and medium risk bearing capacity and possess low knowledge level about the recommended production techniques of Bt cotton. Majority of the respondents has adopted recommended varieties of Bt cotton, seed rate and time of sowing of Bt cotton. Majority of the Bt cotton growers used nitrogenous, phosphatic, potash fertilizers and insecticides more than recommended dosages. Although good number of respondents (36.88%) had knowledge about the purpose of growing refuge in Bt cotton but only 10 per cent of them had adopted this practice. One third of the respondents were found to be using insecticide mixtures for sucking pests and bollworm management. Besides lack of knowledge about recommended production techniques of Bt cotton, climatic conditions viz. rising underground water table, high temperature at germination stage and uncertainty of rains were also the major problems faced by the Bt cotton growers. Problem of non availability of quality seed and high cost were also faced by the farmers. It is suggested that trainings should be imparted to the cotton growers on Bt cotton technology, judicious use of pesticides, fertilizers application and IPM practices so that use of insecticide mixtures may be curtailed.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    A study on the status, prospects and problems of summer mungbean cultivation in Punjab state
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2014) Gurvinder Singh; Manmeet Kaur
    The study entitled “A study on the status, prospects and problems of summer mungbean cultivation in Punjab state” was undertaken with the objectives to study the present status, prospects and problems of summer mungbean cultivation. Seventy farmers were selected from five clusters on the basis of highest concentration of mungbean growing area. Findings of the study revealed that most of the respondents were in the age group of 38-49 years, educated up to graduation, had medium operational land holding (10-25 acres), had 2-3 family members engaged in summer mungbean cultivation and medium mass media exposure. The experience of more than half of the farmers in summer mungbean cultivation was 2-6 years. Most of the farmers were presently cultivating summer mungbean on an area of 0.5-5.5 acres and following summer mungbean-basmati rice-wheat crop rotation. Majority of the sample farmers cultivated summer mungbean to earn additional income, and were cleaning and drying the summer mungbean produce so as to add value to it. About half of the farmers were willing to keep the area constant under summer mungbean cultivation. The findings of the study showed that farmers were interested in incrementing their produce for value addition as against their present status. Amongst the five different problem areas of summer mungbean cultivation, production related problems ranked first followed by storage and marketing, value addition and processing. On the basis of the findings and farmers suggestions, it was suggested that seeds of recommended varieties should be made easily available to farmers and machinery for value addition of summer mungbean should be subsidized through cooperative societies to promote the cultivation of this crop.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Agri-tourism in Punjab – A case study
    (Punjab Agricultural University, 2014) Samjetsabam Pinky; Dhaliwal, Ravinder Kaur
    The present study entitled, “Agri-tourism in Punjab- A case study” was undertaken to study the history, socio-personal characteristics of the farmers, the status and prospects of agri-tourism in Punjab and problems thereof. The study was undertaken by randomly selecting 15 registered farmers from Punjab Heritage and Tourism Promotion Board. The data was collected by self interviewing the respondents and through mailed questionnaire. More than half of the respondents were in the age group of 48 – 59 years, had urban background and were graduates with medium to low experience of agri-tourism venture. Majority of the respondents had low mass media exposure, extension contacts, social participation but had medium risk orientation. All the respondents had adopted agri-tourism due to their personal interest. Virasat Haveli near Amritsar had the highest number of total visitors. Majority of the respondents were satisfied from agri-tourism venture and perceived that there is high to medium prospects of agri-tourism development in Punjab. Insufficient fund for publicity, lack of government support, insufficient literature related to agri-tourism practice and lack of training for agri-tourism were the major problems reported by the farmers. Among the board employees the major problems were insufficient fund for advertisement, unwillingness of the farmers to renew their registration and placing of tourists. Provision of a complete tourism package, provision of sales and marketing support, more awareness programme, developing contacts with the schools, colleges, NGOs, clubs and other organizations, provision of license to farmers for lifetime and training had been suggested.
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    ThesisItemRestricted
    Prospects of agri-tourism in Ludhiana District of Punjab State
    (Punjab Agricultural University, 2014) Persaud, Bissessar; Dhaliwal, Ravinder Kaur
    The present study entitled “Prospects of agri-tourism in Ludhiana District of Punjab State” was undertaken with the objectives to study the opinion regarding agri-tourism, to study the prospects of agri-tourism and to suggest strategies for the promotion of agri-tourism in Punjab state. One hundred teachers and ten principals were selected from five Government and five private schools. In addition, sixty final year students of under graduate programmes were selected from two Government Colleges and forty urban consumers were selected from the locality of Ludhiana. Thus the total sample comprised of 210 respondents for the present study. The data was collected by following the distributed questionnaire approach for school teachers and college students and personal interview approach method was followed to collect data from urban consumers. Findings of the study revealed that majority of the teachers and urban consumers belonged to the age group of 36-48 years, while majority of the students belonged to the age group of 21-23 years. Majority of the respondents of all categories belonged to urban family background. Most of the teachers had educational qualification of post graduation and had service experience of 1-12 years. Most of the teachers and students have medium social participation, while most of the urban consumers had low social participation. Although a little more than half of the total respondents were not aware of agri-tourism, three forth of them were willing to visit an agri-tourism farm. More than (80%) of the total respondents were willing to participate in agricultural activities on an agri-tourism farm, while more than three forth of total respondents were willing to interact with the rural people. Socio-personal characteristics such as educational qualification and service experience had significant and positive correlation with opinion, regarding agri-tourism