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20192
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Subject: Entomology × Author: Nair, Indu J. × Start date: 1974 ×
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    Bio-intensive management of sucking pests of tomato under protected conditions
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2019) Nair, Indu J.; Sharma, Sudhendu
    The present study was conducted in February-May during the years 2018 and 2019 at screenhouses in Entomological Research Farm and New Horticulture Orchard, PAU, Ludhiana. There were a total of three experiments in which different sticky traps, biopesticides and a bioagent- Chrysoperla zastrowi sillemi (Esben-Peterson) were evaluated against sucking pests of tomato grown under protected cultivation. Yellow sticky traps of different colours (yellow, blue and silver) and different shapes (rectangular, circular and triangular) were evaluated and the yellow rectangular sticky traps proved better in trapping aphids and whiteflies in tomato compared to other colours and shapes. Therefore, yellow coloured rectangular sticky traps were evaluated at different rates viz; 2, 4 and 6 traps per 250m2 for tomato under protected conditions. For trapping aphids, the installation rate of 4 and 6 traps per 250 m2 were found effective. Likewise, these traps @ 2, 4 and 6 per 250 m2 were effective in reducing the population of whiteflies. Hence, the rate of 4 traps/250 m2 can be effectively installed in the screen houses against the aphids as well as whiteflies. Among the various biopesticides evaluated, Azadirachtin 0.15% @ 10ml/L of water was found to be statistically superior to the entomopathogenic fungi- Lecanicillium lecanii (1.5%), Beauveria bassiana (1.15%) and Metarhizium anisopliae (1%). Per cent reduction over control also showed that Azadirachtin 0.15% @ 10ml/L provided a maximum reduction up to 58.0 per cent against aphids and 60.0 per cent against whiteflies. Three releases of C. zastrowi sillemi grubs were made @ 4, 5 and 6 grubs/plant to evaluate the predatory potential of the bioagent. The release rate of 4 grubs/ plant was statistically at par with the other rates of release and it recorded a control of more than 90 per cent, seven days, after the first release was conducted.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemRestricted
    Bio-intensive management of sucking pests of tomato under protected conditions
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2019) Nair, Indu J.; Sharma, Sudhendu
    The present study was conducted in February-May during the years 2018 and 2019 at screenhouses in Entomological Research Farm and New Horticulture Orchard, PAU, Ludhiana. There were a total of three experiments in which different sticky traps, biopesticides and a bioagent- Chrysoperla zastrowi sillemi (Esben-Peterson) were evaluated against sucking pests of tomato grown under protected cultivation. Yellow sticky traps of different colours (yellow, blue and silver) and different shapes (rectangular, circular and triangular) were evaluated and the yellow rectangular sticky traps proved better in trapping aphids and whiteflies in tomato compared to other colours and shapes. Therefore, yellow coloured rectangular sticky traps were evaluated at different rates viz; 2, 4 and 6 traps per 250m2 for tomato under protected conditions. For trapping aphids, the installation rate of 4 and 6 traps per 250 m2 were found effective. Likewise, these traps @ 2, 4 and 6 per 250 m2 were effective in reducing the population of whiteflies. Hence, the rate of 4 traps/250 m2 can be effectively installed in the screen houses against the aphids as well as whiteflies. Among the various biopesticides evaluated, Azadirachtin 0.15% @ 10ml/L of water was found to be statistically superior to the entomopathogenic fungi- Lecanicillium lecanii (1.5%), Beauveria bassiana (1.15%) and Metarhizium anisopliae (1%). Per cent reduction over control also showed that Azadirachtin 0.15% @ 10ml/L provided a maximum reduction up to 58.0 per cent against aphids and 60.0 per cent against whiteflies. Three releases of C. zastrowi sillemi grubs were made @ 4, 5 and 6 grubs/plant to evaluate the predatory potential of the bioagent. The release rate of 4 grubs/ plant was statistically at par with the other rates of release and it recorded a control of more than 90 per cent, seven days, after the first release was conducted.