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Thesis

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2017 - 201912020 - 20221
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Subject: Clothing and Textiles × Author: Arpana × Start date: 2012 ×
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    Impact of nonwoven mul ch mat developed from textile waste for vegetable crop
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2022) Arpana; Mahajan, Surabhi
    The present investigation was undertaken to study the impact of nonwoven mulch mat developed from textile waste for vegetable crop. The survey regarding mulching practices of farmers was purposively conducted in three agro-climatic zones of Punjab and two highly vegetable cultivated districts were selected from each zone. Fifteen farmers from each district were selected randomly and an interview schedule was used for collecting data. The results indicated that farmers frequently used plastic mulches in various vegetables but very few of them had knowledge about biodegradable mulches. For development of mulch mat samples, blending of waste fibres (cotton: polyester: acrylic) was done in 5 different ratios. All ratios were blended for 400 GSM and 4 mm thickness and the degradation and physical appearance of nonwoven mulch mat samples were taken into account for selection of two suitable mulch samples. Different GSM variations were developed for each selected ratio. Total of six mulches were thus developed and placed in the field at the Vegetable Research Farm, Department of Vegetable Science, PAU during 2019-20 and 2020-21 for final experiment on hybrid variety of chilli CH 27. The physical and mechanical properties and degradation characteristics of developed nonwoven mulch mats, temperature, moisture content (%) of soil, growth and yield characteristics of plant were recorded in both laboratory and field tests. The experimental data revealed that developed mulches successfully enhanced all crop parameters because of better moisture retention in the soil and the resulting weed growth was also very less. It is concluded that the most desirable ratio of cotton, polyester and acrylic waste for developing mulch mat was 70:20:10 with 200GSM and 3 mm thickness as maximum degradation, crop growth and yield has been observed for this ratio. The developed mats were cost effective and also had an advantage of being able to be used twice unlike plastic mulches.
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    Development of silk kurtis with tie and dye technique using natural dyes
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2017) Arpana; Mahajan, Surabhi
    The present investigation was undertaken to study the development of silk kurtis with tie and dye technique using natural dyes. Five natural dyes and two mordants were purposively selected. The study was conducted on the college going girls in three different colleges of Punjab Agricultural University. An interview schedule was used for collecting data from ninety respondents regarding their preferences for kurti styles, necklines, sleeves and length. The results were interpreted using simple percentages and average weighted mean scores. The results of the collected data revealed that most preferred kurti styles were Anarkali, A-line, Center cut, C-shaped hem, Straight and Paneled. Boat, crew and round shape were preferred necklines and majority of the respondents showed inclination for sleeveless kurtis which were below knees in length. Twenty five silk samples were produced with combinations of selected natural dyes and mordants using different tie and dye techniques according to optimum dyeing conditions referred from secondary sources. Out of these samples, fifteen were shortlisted by the Advisory Committee. These were taken in fill tool of Corel Draw to develop eighteen designs using the most preferred kurti style features. The developed designs were shown to a panel of ten judges who shortlisted six designs which were constructed on 34" dress form standard measurements. The constructed kurtis were evaluated by a sub sample of forty-five respondents on the basis of overall appearance on a five point scale and were ranked excellent or very good. Hundred percent respondents liked the idea of natural dyed kurtis using tie and dye and majority of them considered the estimated price of the kurtis adequate and were ready to buy them.