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Subject: Botany × Author: Choudhary, Anuj × Start date: 2022 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    Mechanism of salinity tolerance in elite wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) germplasm
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2023) Choudhary, Anuj; Nirmaljit Kaur
    The current research work on “Mechanism of salinity tolerance in elite wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) germplasm” was conducted to illuminate the genetic potential of wheat lines for salt stress tolerance. The study was undertaken at the laboratory and experimental area of Department of Botany and Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana during 2018-19 and 2019-20. A set of 278 wheat lines was procured from Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics was initially screened under lab condition. Selected lines were subjected to various salt stress concentrations viz. 0 mM, 30 mM, 60 mM, 90 mM, 120 mM, 150 mM and 180 mM NaCl. It was followed by screening of all wheat lines at standardized 150 mM salt stress condition for shoot length, root length, shoot fresh weight, root fresh weight, shoot dry weight, root dry weight and vigor index. They were grouped as 11 highly salt tolerant, 57 salt tolerant, 89 moderately salt tolerant, 116 salt sensitive and 5 highly salt sensitive. Twenty lines were selected for precise evaluation under the naturally salt affected field conditions and the controlled condition on the basis of morphological, physiological and yield attributes. The EC value of the controlled plots ranged between 0.41 to 0.81 m mhos cm-1 whereas the EC value of saline plots was between 0.79 and 1.71 m mhos cm-1. Among the 20 wheat lines, the LTP 187 (linked top cross population), LTP 210, and LTP 221 performed better for all the traits under field conditions and therefore, these are suggested for the future wheat breeding improvement programs for salt stress. Three SNPs (SNP_986175, SNP_ 2264905 and SNP_4910157) were found significantly associated with salt stress. Significantly associated SNPs were mainly observed on chromosomes 1A, 1B, 3A, 3B, 5A, 5B, 6B, 7A and 7D and therefore these SNPs can be used in marker assisted breeding programs for improving thousand grain weight in wheat.