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Open Access
DEVELOPMENT OF FILTER FOR POTABLE WATER IN RURAL AREAS
(2012) Tiwari, Vikas; J. P. Singh
A low cost water filter of 15 litre capacity for an average 5 member family size was developed and the performance was evaluated by filtering water sample from the same location. The physico-chemical and bacteriological parameters of canal water sample before and after filtration were analysed. The values of BOD, COD, TDS, Residual chlorine, pH, MPN of canal water before and after filtration were found to be 180 mg/l, 305 mg/l, 110 ppm, 0.1 ppm, 8.1, 460 cfu (Much higher than permissible limit) and 4.0 mg/l, 9.6 mg/l, 155 ppm, 0.2 ppm, 8.2, < 3 cfu (Under permissible limit) respectively. The charcoal filter media was selected amongst the charcoal powder, alum powder and sand by analysing the pH, TDS and MPN through experimentation. The sodium hypochlorite solution was injected at the bottom of the plastic container through the pumping unit to remove the bacteriological contamination of filtered water and maintain the chlorine content (0.2 ppm) to required limit for drinking. The filter media was tested and observed that the charcoal/sodium hypochlorite solution should be checked every month and replaced/refill whenever required. The cost of developed water filter was estimated to be about Rs750 which is comparatively very low and affordable for everybody. The developed water filter is technically feasible, economically viable and easily portable