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Author: KUMAR, ASHISH × Start date: 2010 × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    COMPARATIVE PERFORMANCE OF ORGANIC AND INORGANIC FARMING PRACTICES ON PRODUCTIVITY OF DIFFERENT CROPPING SYSTEMS
    (CSKHPKV, Palampur, 2017) KUMAR, ASHISH; Saini, J.P.
    ABSTRACT The experiment was laid out in split plot design with three farming practices in main plots and four cropping systems as in subplots with three replications. Among farming practices, organic farming practice resulted in significantly higher MGEY (7571.40 kg ha-1) and production efficiency (20.74 kg ha-1 day-1) over inorganic farming practice.Organic farming practice remaining at par with integrated farming practice resulted in significantly higher uptake of N, P, K and protein yield over inorganic farming practice. Organic and integrated farming practice outperformed inorganic farming practice in improving various soil properties. At the conclusion of the experiment, a reduction of 7.2% in bulk density was recorded under organic farming practice while inorganic farming practice resulted in an increase of 1.6% over its initial value. Soil organic carbon and microbial biomass carbon increased by 30 and 53%, respectively under organic farming practice while, inorganic farming practice resulted in a decrease of microbial biomass carbon by 1.06% over its initial value. Organic farming practice resulted in an increase of about 24, 50 and 28% inavailable N, P and K, respectively over its initial value while, its corresponding values under inorganic farming practice were 15, 35 and 20%. In the absence of premium pricing and comparatively lower yields of cereal crops under organic farming practice the inorganic farming practice resulted in higher net returns and benefit: cost ratio to that of organic farming practice. Legume based mash – gram cropping system improved the soil fertility status with respect to available N, P, K and soil physical and biological properties over all other cropping systems. While, maize – wheat and mash – wheat cropping systems remaining at par with each other resulted in significantly highest MGEY, production efficiency and net returns but benefit: cost ratio was significantly highest under mash – wheat cropping systemsover all other cropping systems
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EVALUATION OF MAIZE BASED VEGETABLE CROP SEQUENCES AND THEIR EFFECTS ON SOIL FERTILITY UNDER MID HILL CONDITIONS OF HIMACHAL PRADESH
    (CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishavavidyalaya, Palampur, 2013) KUMAR, ASHISH; NEGI, S.C.
    Eight cropping sequences viz. maize – wheat, maize (green cob) + frenchbean (pole type) – pea – summer squash, maize + soybean – garlic, maize (green cob) – broccoli – potato, maize (green cob) + asparagus bean – radish – onion, maize (green cob) + mash – cauliflower – frenchbean, maize (green cob) + ricebean – cauliflower – buckwheat, maize (green cob) + asparagus bean – broccoli – radish were evaluated for their production potential, economic feasibility, energy production and effects on soil fertility conditions under mid hill conditions of Himachal Pradesh. Study of one year of crop cycle revealed that maize (green cob) + frenchbean (pole type) – pea – summer squash and maize (green cob) + asparagus bean – radish – onion sequences resulted in significantly higher maize equivalent yield (34,989 and 36,897 kg ha-1), production efficiency (119.4 and 112.5 kg ha-1 day-1), net returns (₹ 223568.6 and ₹ 225468.9 ha-1) and B: C ratio (1.5 and 1.5) than other crop sequences. Maize - wheat sequence was superior over all crop sequences in terms of carbohydrate yield, protein yield and energy equivalents (3,556.7, 590.5 and 73065.0, respectively), energy output (2,40,289 MJ ha-1), energy output: input ratio (9.4) and energy productivity (1.41). Maize – wheat sequence resulted in highest nitrogen uptake; maize (green cob) + frenchbean (pole type) – pea – summer squash resulted in highest phosphorus uptake and maize (green cob) – broccoli – potato sequence resulted in highest potassium uptake. Build up of N, P and K was recorded in most of the crop sequences and especially those which involved legume as one of its component crop, while nutrient mining (N, P and K) was recorded after completion of all crop sequences. Maize – broccoli – potato resulted in higher cost of cultivation and energy input than other crop sequences due to the labour intensive nature of potato crop.