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20152
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Subject: Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics × End date: 2015 × Start date: 2015 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON ESTROUS BEHAVIOUR AND ESTROUS CYCLE RELATED ENDOCRINE PROFILE OF GADDI GOATS
    (CSKHPKV, Palampur, 2015-11-30) KUMAR, SUNIL; Sood, Pankaj
    ABSTRACT Ten adult dry and non-pregnant Gaddi does were used in the present study for estrous behaviour and estrous cycle related endocrine profile. The study was conducted during short days under natural photoperiod from October, 2014 to February, 2015. All the does were induced by PG (Iall group), four of which were investigated in the subsequent spontaneous estrous cycle (S group). Information on the later set of goats during induced estrus (from the Iall group) was also used and categorized in a third group (I) to draw a comparison of estrous behaviour characteristics and endocrinology parameters between S, I and Iall. The endocrinology determinants were evaluated in peripheral blood plasma collected from estrus onset and every 3 hours thereafter till termination of estrus; in addition, day 7 and day 14 blood samples were also evaluated. A comparison of estrous behaviour characteristics was also made between confined (C) versus grazing (G) conditions. The average time interval from PG administration to estrous onset was 76.1±3.8 hours. Standing to be mounted, biting of estrus female, sniffing of vulva and tail flagging were most frequent signs characterizing onset of estrus, irrespective of PG injection or housing conditions. Unlike G condition, where all estrous signs peaked at 3 to 3.5 hours after estrous onset, all the other estrous behaviour signs attained peak frequency at 6 to 12.5 hours post estrous onset in S, I and Iall groups and C condition. Overall, estrous expression was better in S estrus and in C condition compared to their respective corresponding groups. There was no significant difference in estrous duration, estrous onset to ovulation and follicular diameter of S versus I versus Iall groups (28.4±1.4 versus 32.0±5.3 versus 30.6±4.1 h, 23.9±2.1 versus 28.5±2.7 versus 24.0±5.6 h and 9.8±0.6 versus 9.3±0.5 versus 9.5±0.5 mm, respectively). Double ovulation was present in one goat of the I group. There was no significant difference in ultrasonography assisted ovulatory and other associated endocrine determinants between the S, I and Iall groups. Estradiol17β, LH peak concentration, their timings from estrous onset, estradiol- 17β peak to ovulation interval and LH peak to ovulation interval did not differ significantly in all the three groups. The day 7 and day 14 plasma progesterone concentrations did not differ and the average values ranged from 6.5±1.1 to 7.2±1.9 ng/ml at day 7 and 10.9±2.6 to 12.4±2.1 ng/ml at day 14 in S, I and Iall groups. Genital discharge fern pattern differed with stage of estrus. Typical fern pattern coincided with peak frequency of estrous behaviour signs except under G condition, where the peak per se occurred much early. Induction of estrus did not affect ovulatory and endocrine characteristics.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDY ON EFFICACY OF DIFFERENT THERAPEUTIC REGIMENS ON RESTORING FERTILITY OF INFERTILE ABANDONED COWS MAINTAINED IN GOSHALAS OF HIMACHAL PRADESH
    (CSKHPKV, Palampur, 2015-08-07) SHARMA, ROHIT; Singh, Madhumeet
    ABSTRACT Abandoned cows, reared in 18 Goshalas in different districts of Himachal Pradesh were examined clino-gynaecologically for reproductive status. Overall 321 abandoned cows diagnosed to be affected with 402 reproductive ailments (few of them with multifactor etiology) were taken for this study. These animals were treated as per the condition diagnosed. Uterine discharge samples of cows diagnosed as endometritis were subjected to culture sensitivity tests in Nutrient broth and Mueller Hinton agar. Blood samples were collected for estimation of minerals (Ca, P, Mg, Cu, Zn, Co, Mn. Na, K and Cl), biochemicals (Total Proteins, Cholesterol, ALT, AST, ALP and GGT), and hormones (T3, T4, TSH, cortisol, progesterone, estradiol-17β and insulin). There was highest prevalence of endometritis (27.8%) followed by cervical disorders (14.43%) which included cervical fibrosis, cervicitis, non-patent cervix and kinked cervix etc. However management errors were detected in 38.80 per cent animals. The antibiogram of uterine discharges indicated highest sensitivity for fluoroquinolones derivatives and gentamicin followed by tetracycline. Whereas high resistance was recorded forMetronidazole, Penicillin,Cloxacillin andNitrofurantoin. All bacteria were resistant toCotrimoxazole. Copper concentration significantly increased in recovered abandoned cows suffering from endometritis and treated anestrus cows, irrespective of recovery. Inorganic phosphorus concentrations significantly increased only in recovered true anestrus animals. The post-treatment recovery could be followed in 220 cows with 280 reproductive problems. A good proportion of endometritic cows (21.69%) responded to treatment whereas only 2.17 percent of the animals affected with cervical problems conceived. High post treatment recovery was recorded in true anestrus (42.17%) and silent estrus (56.25%) cows. In all 37 (16.82%) abandoned cows conceived out of total 220 cows followed to evaluate post-treatment recovery. Principal contributor to reproductive problems in abandoned cows was technical errors committed by personals handling genitalia (50.00%) of which only 12.75 per cent were treatable. Whereas, much higher (44.45 %) post treatment recovery rate was recorded in cows (38.80 %) suspected to have managemental problems.