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20122
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Subject: Soil Science × End date: 2012 × Start date: 2012 × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EFFECT OF INTEGRATED NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT ON YIELD, QUALITY AND SOIL PROPERTIES IN PEA - OKRA SYSTEM IN AN ACID ALFISOL
    (CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishavavidyalaya, Palampur, 2012) DHIMAN, SUSHIL; Dixit, S.P.
    The present investigation was carried out to study the effect of integrated nutrient supply on yield, quality and soil properties in pea-okra system in a field experiment conducted from rabi 2008-09 to kharif 2011 at the Experimental Farm of Department of Soil Science, COA, CSK HPKV, Palampur in a randomized block design with thirteen treatments replicated three times. The soil of the experimental site was silty clay loam and classified taxonomically as “Typic Hapludalf” with acidic reaction, medium in organic carbon, low in available N, medium in P and K at the initiation of the experiment. The treatments were control, 75, 100 and 125 % NPK alone, along with lime, vermicompost @ 5 and 10 t ha-1. The results revealed that addition of 125% NPK with 10 t vermicompost ha-1 recorded highest pod/fruit yield of pea and okra during all the years as compared to rest of the treatments. Amongst the rate of vermicompost application, 10 t ha-1 proved better over 5 t ha-1 at 75, 100 and 125% levels of NPK. Lime application with graded doses of fertilizers viz. 75, 100 and 125% NPK also increased the yield of both the crops over 75, 100 and 125% NPK alone as well as control. Uptake of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, Zn and Mn by both the crops during all the years followed almost similar trend as that of their respective yields. Crude fibre and chlorophyll content in okra fruit and crude protein, total soluble solids, ascorbic acid, carbohydrate, reducing, non-reducing and total sugars in pea seed increased in treatments where 75, 100 and 125% NPK with either lime or vermicompost @ 5 t ha-1 or 10 t ha-1 was applied as compared to 75, 100 and 125% NPK alone. There was build up of organic carbon, available N, P, K and exchangeable Ca and Mg due to lime or vermicompost application @ 5 and 10 t ha-1 along with 75, 100 and 125% NPK over 75, 100 and 125% NPK alone. A decrease in the DTPA extractable Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu, different forms of soil acidities and Al and Fe was recorded in 75, 100 and 125% NPK with lime over 75, 100 and 125% NPK alone. However, application of vermicompost @ 5 and 10 t ha-1 at their respective levels of NPK increased the different DTPA extractable micronutrients, pH and decreased the different soil acidities as well as Al and Fe. Benefit cost ratio was highest in 125% NPK followed by 100% NPK in pea and 125% NPK + lime followed by 100% NPK+ lime in okra. The highest net returns in (Rs.51705 ha-1) were obtained in 125 % NPK + vermicompost @ 5 t ha-1 in pea and (Rs. 33239 ha-1) in 125 per cent NPK+ lime treatment in okra crop.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    PHOSPHORUS AND RAIN-HARVESTED WATER ECONOMY TTHROUGH VESICULAR ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAE (VAM) IN OKRA-PEA SEQUENCE
    (CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishavavidyalaya, Palampur, 2012) Kumar, Anil; Suri, V.K.
    The present study was carried out during 2009-11 with the aim of economizing phosphorus and rain-harvested water through vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi in okra-pea sequence. Use of VAM is highly desirable today from the perspective of meeting nutrient needs of crops efficiently and economically, rationalizing water use and maintaining soil health. Above work consisted of 14 treatments viz. 2 VAM levels (0 & 12 kg ha-1), 3 phosphorus levels (50, 75 & 100% of soil test based recommended dose) and 2 irrigation regimes (40 & 80% of available soil water holding capacity) and 2 controls (farmers‟ nutrient practice and generalized recommended dose (NPK). Above treatments were laid out in a completely randomized block design (RBD) with 3 replications. The data on yield attributes, yields, nutrient uptake, net returns and B:C ratios in okra-pea sequence indicated that treatment ―VAM + 75 per cent soil test based recommended P dose at either of 2 irrigation regimes‖ did not differ significantly than generalized recommended dose and ―VAM + 100 per cent soil test based recommended P dose‖. It suggests an economy of about 25 per cent in soil test based P dose through seed inoculation with mycorrhizal culture (VAM). The use of mycorrhizal biofertilizer (VAM) enhanced water use efficiency of okra and pea crop by about 5-17 and 12-35 per cent, respectively. Integrated application of VAM, P and irrigation did not alter available soil nutrient status significantly, however, available P status was enhanced by 15-20 per cent after harvest of each of the two crops i.e. okra and pea. Further, after completion of two years‟ of okra-pea sequential cropping, integrated application of VAM, P and irrigation enhanced water holding capacity and mean weight diameter of soil particles by 5-6 and 4-9 per cent, respectively. Above practice evaluated in okra-pea sequence for two years, led to higher status of water soluble-P (10-32%), NaHCO3-Pi (8-13%), NaOH-Pi (5-13%) and low status of organic-P (NaHCO3-Po & NaOH-Po), each one of which contributed appreciably to available P supply to plants. Results of the current study suggest that the practice of VAM inoculation can go a long way in reducing the cost of production directly as well as otherwise. Moreover, its continuous use is going to enhance crop quality and overall soil fertility, which is the need of the hour.