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20101
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Subject: Plant Breeding and Genetics × End date: 2010 × Start date: 2010 ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Imperata cylindrica - MEDIATED INDUCTION OF HAPLOIDS IN VARIOUS CEREALS AND ENHANCEMENT OF THE SYSTEM IN WHEAT THROUGH COLCHICINE MANIPULATIONS
    (CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishavavidyalaya, Palampur, 2010) TAYENG, TISU; Chaudhary, H K
    The research endeavour entitled ―Imperata cylindrica- mediated induction of haploids in various cereals and enhancement of the system in wheat through colchicine manipulations‖ was executed in the Department of Crop Improvement, CSK HPKV, Palampur during the years 2007- 08 to 2009- 10 with the mission to induce haploids in wheat and other cereals using Imperata cylindrica as a pollen source and efficiency enhancement of the chromosome elimination-mediated system of doubled haploidy breeding in wheat through various colchicine manipulations at in vivo and in vitro level. For the execution of wide hybridization, five cereals viz., wheat, rice, maize, barley and oat involving various promising lines/ genotypes were utilized and for colchicine manipulation experiments at in vitro and in vivo level, various formulation and combination of time, duration and colchicine were formulated and executed in DH 100 x DH 40 derived F1 hybrid of bread wheat. The results obtained in the present investigation in respect of wide hybridization of different cereals with I. cylindrica showed that I. cylindrica was an efficient and effective pollen source for haploid induction in bread wheat and durum wheat. Pseudo seeds and embryo like structures were recovered in barley and rice upon hybridization with I. cylindrica. However, green plants could not be regenerated in both the cases. Maize and oat didn‘t respond well but there can be a ray of hope for the induction of haploids in these cereals also if more refinement and manipulation is done in hybridization techniques and culture protocols. In the in vivo colchicine manipulation experiment, colchicine concentration ranging from 2000 ppm to 10,000 ppm at 48, 72 and 96 hours after pollination have yielded response to chromosome doubling. Application of injection of single dose of 2000 ppm colchicine concentration at 48 hours of pollination has given most stable results in doubling the chromosome number. Hence, it can be recommended as the best dose for achieving fruitful results and save time and energy spent on this exercise through earlier techniques. In the in vitro colchicine manipulation experiment, the colchicine concentration ranging from 300 ppm to 3000 ppm of 48, 72 and 96 hours of treatment induced doubling of the chromosomes. The outcome of the present endeavour can open new vistas for enhancing the efficiency of DH breeding in wheat and other cereals with enhanced precision and efficiency.