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Subject: Animal Reproduction and Gynecology × Author: Jamwal, Kirti × Start date: 2015 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.V.Sc. ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on the estrus synchronization protocols and sonographic evaluation of early embryonic development in Gaddi sheep.
    (palampur, 2021-09-01) Jamwal, Kirti; Sharma, Amit Kumar
    The present study was conducted in Gaddi sheep to compare different estrus synchronization protocols during conventional non-breeding (April to June 2020; NB) and breeding (November-January 2021; B) season at Livestock Farm Complex, CSKHPKV, Palampur at 32.6° N, 76.3° E, altitude of 1290.8 m. Gaddi ewes were assigned to three different groups viz. progesterone-based protocol (ProEP), ovulation synchronization protocol (GPG) and control (Con) including six ewes in each group during both the seasons. Different estrus behavior signs were observed and compared during B and NB season along with vaginal electrical resistance, temperature, pH and vaginal cytology. Significantly higher (p<0.05) frequency of tail wagging (3.0±0.6) was observed at <24 hr in ProEP treated Gaddi ewes than other groups. ProEP treated ewes exhibited earlier onset (28.8±1.8 hr) along with extended estrus duration (40.2±5.5 hr) irrespective of season. Performance of ProEP treated Gaddi ewes was better in terms of higher rates of estrus response (83.3%), conception (90.0%), pregnancy (75.0%), fecundity (83.3%) and prolificacy (1.0±0.0). Vaginal electrical resistance and cytological examinations could also be used for diagnosing standing estrus in Gaddi ewes. Serum progesterone estimation were also carried out in ProEP treated Gaddi ewes at different interval. Significantly higher serum progesterone concentration in ProEP treated pregnant Gaddi ewes was observed on Day 0 (2.72± 1.71 ng/ml) as well as on Day 17 (3.94±0.4 ng/ml) after mating. Sequential transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) examinations with linear rectal probe (5.5–7.5 MHz) were carried out to study embryonic biometry parameters, accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value. TRUS was efficiently used for studying the embryonic development as well as losses between Days 14-35. Day 28 was regarded as best time to perform TRUS with maximum precision, higher accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and increased proportion of ewes having positive and negative predictive values. Predictive equations for calculation of gestation age during embryonic phase in Gaddi ewes were also established.