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20172
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Subject: Agronomy × Author: Guleria, Gunjan × Start date: 2007 ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    PHYSIO-MORPHOLOGICAL APPRAISAL OF CROPS AND WEEDS AS INFLUENCED BY INTEGRATED PLANT NUTRITION SYSTEM (IPNS) IN RICE-WHEAT CROPPING SYSTEM
    (CSKHPKV, Palampur, 2017-07-13) Guleria, Gunjan; Rana, Surinder Singh
    The present investigation was undertaken in a long-term experiment on IPNS in rice-wheat cropping system at the Badiarkhar farm of the university. Twelve treatments viz., control (no fertilizer/manure), 50, 75 and 100% NPK each to rice and wheat through fertilizers, 50% NPK to rice and 100% NPK to wheat through fertilizers, 50% substitution of N through FYM, wheat straw and green manure in rice and 100% NPK through fertilizers in wheat; 25% substitution of N through FYM, wheat straw and green manure in rice and 75% NPK through fertilizers in wheat; and farmers’ practice (40% NPK through fertilizers to each crop plus 5 t FYM/ha on dry weight basis to rice) were evaluated for a period of two years (2014-15 and 2015-16) with four replications. Ammannia baccifera was the most dominant weed constituting 40 and 35% of the total weed flora during kharif 2014 and 2015, respectively. This was followed by Monochoria vaginalis, Eleocharis sp., Scirpus sp., Echinochloa sp. and Cyperus difformis during 2014 and Monochoria vaginalis, Brassica sp., Eleocharis sp., Scirpus sp., Cyperus difformis and Cynodon dactylon during 2015. Phalaris minor was the most dominant weed constituting 74% of the total weed flora during rabi 2014-15 and 59% during rabi 2015-16 followed by Alopecurus sp. (13 and 19%), Vicia sativa (7 and 15%), Polygonum hydropiper (2 and 3%), Lathyrus aphaca (2% and 1%) and Polygonum alatum (1 and 1%). Artemisia sp. (1%) and other weeds (0.4%) had a little infestation during rabi 2014-15. While Cynodon dactylon (0.2%), Anagallis arvensis (0.3%), Centella asiatica (0.1%) and other weeds (2%) had shown their invasion during rabi 2015-16. Significantly higher plant height, plant population, dry matter accumulation in root, shoot and leaves, CGR, RGR and NAR in rice during both the years were recorded in T6 where 50% substitution of N in rice was made through FYM. Highest root: shoot was obtained in T7 (25% N substitution through FYM in rice). In wheat significantly higher plant height, plant population, dry matter accumulation in root, shoot and leaves and CGR were also in T6 during both the years. Wheat RGR was maximum in T2 (50% NPK through fertilizers in both crops) during 2014-15 and T6 during 2015-16. Wheat NAR was maximum in T1 (control) during both years. The minimum days to flowering and maturity in both rice and wheat were in T6 during both the years. T6 gave significantly higher grain and straw yield of rice during both years and of wheat during 2015-16. The system’s net returns were maximum in T6 during both the years. Benefit cost ratio was maximum in T5 during 2014-15 and in T6 during 2015-16. On an average T6 where 50% NPK in combination with 50% N (FYM) was applied to rice and 100% NPK to wheat was found to be the best treatment for getting higher productivity and profitability.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    PHYSIO-MORPHOLOGICAL APPRAISAL OF CROPS AND WEEDS AS INFLUENCED BY INTEGRATED PLANT NUTRITION SYSTEM (IPNS) IN RICEWHEAT CROPPING SYSTEM
    (CSKHPKV, Palampur, 2017-07-13) Guleria, Gunjan; Rana, Surinder Singh
    ABSTRACT The present investigation was undertaken in a long-term experiment on IPNS in rice-wheat cropping system at the Badiarkhar farm of the university. Twelve treatments viz., control (no fertilizer/manure), 50, 75 and 100% NPK each to rice and wheat through fertilizers, 50% NPK to rice and 100% NPK to wheat through fertilizers, 50% substitution of N through FYM, wheat straw and green manure in rice and 100% NPK through fertilizers in wheat; 25% substitution of N through FYM, wheat straw and green manure in rice and 75% NPK through fertilizers in wheat; and farmers’ practice (40% NPK through fertilizers to each crop plus 5 t FYM/ha on dry weight basis to rice) were evaluated for a period of two years (2014-15 and 2015-16) with four replications. Ammannia baccifera was the most dominant weed constituting 40 and 35% of the total weed flora during kharif 2014 and 2015, respectively. This was followed by Monochoria vaginalis, Eleocharis sp., Scirpus sp., Echinochloa sp. and Cyperus difformis during 2014 and Monochoria vaginalis, Brassica sp., Eleocharis sp., Scirpus sp., Cyperus difformis and Cynodon dactylon during 2015. Phalaris minor was the most dominant weed constituting 74% of the total weed flora during rabi 2014-15 and 59% during rabi 2015-16 followed by Alopecurus sp. (13 and 19%), Vicia sativa (7 and 15%), Polygonum hydropiper (2 and 3%), Lathyrus aphaca (2% and 1%) and Polygonum alatum (1 and 1%). Artemisia sp. (1%) and other weeds (0.4%) had a little infestation during rabi 2014-15. While Cynodon dactylon (0.2%), Anagallis arvensis (0.3%), Centella asiatica (0.1%) and other weeds (2%) had shown their invasion during rabi 2015-16. Significantly higher plant height, plant population, dry matter accumulation in root, shoot and leaves, CGR, RGR and NAR in rice during both the years were recorded in T6 where 50% substitution of N in rice was made through FYM. Highest root: shoot was obtained in T7 (25% N substitution through FYM in rice). In wheat significantly higher plant height, plant population, dry matter accumulation in root, shoot and leaves and CGR were also in T6 during both the years. Wheat RGR was maximum in T2 (50% NPK through fertilizers in both crops) during 2014-15 and T6 during 2015-16. Wheat NAR was maximum in T1 (control) during both years. The minimum days to flowering and maturity in both rice and wheat were in T6 during both the years. T6 gave significantly higher grain and straw yield of rice during both years and of wheat during 2015-16. The system’s net returns were maximum in T6 during both the years. Benefit cost ratio was maximum in T5 during 2014-15 and in T6 during 2015-16. On an average T6 where 50% NPK in combination with 50% N (FYM) was applied to rice and 100% NPK to wheat was found to be the best treatment for getting higher productivity and profitability. -----------------------------