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Subject: Agricultural Entomology × Author: MOTMAYEN, MOHAMMAD ILYAS × Start date: 1980 × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Evaluation of management techniques for predatory wasps of honey bees
    (Palampur, 2021-09-01) MOTMAYEN, MOHAMMAD ILYAS; Sharma, Surender Kumar
    To manage bee wasp species, knowledge of wasp predaceous behavior and defense mechanism of honey bees are of utmost importance. It is an experiment oriented elaborated attempt to save incinerating honey bee world over, and to have an alternative to stringent wasp menace. The incidence of four species of honey bee predatory wasps viz Vespa auraria, V. basalis, V. tropica and V. mandarinia was recorded. Impact of wasp attack was assessed in colonies and had 30 per cent mortality of colonies as well as reduction in strength, brood and nectar. Wasp incidence fluctuation was observed in different months. V. auraria had the lowest population of 2.76 ± 0.92 wasp in June while it was highest 24.73 ± 1.88 wasps/week in August. V. basalis, and V. tropica had their lowest population of 0.29 ± 0.29 and 0.04±0.04 wasps/week in the month of June while they reached to maximum visits of 5.80 ± 0.55 and 0.51 ± 0.07 wasps/week in August, respectively. In predatory behavior V. auraria was found the most agile wasp species with highest attacks on colony as 3.68 ± 0.98/week, and it also spent least time of 7.47 ± 0.28s to catch a bee followed by V. tropica (25.58 ± 0.51s) and V. basalis (31.26 ± 0.73s). V. basalis had tendency to attack at ground level than at hive entrance. On an average 6.04 guard bees/colony significantly can resist wasp attack. In heat balling a wasp, after 45s maximum of 25.75 ±0.43 bees were seen engulfed and in the process a rise of 6.47º F temperature was recorded. Thermal exposure for 5 and 20 minutes for wasps was 49 and 48 whereas for bees it was 53 and 55 respectively. Bee wasp protector was the most suitable wasp management technique and it had the lowest successful catches 0.55 ± 0.07, 0.21 ± 0.01, 0.00 ± 0.00 bees by any of wasp, V. auraria, V. basalis and V. tropica, respectively. Among six bait materials acetic acid was found the best while tested four repellents were also found promising. A 750 ml capacity bottle trap containing fermented honey has been found to the most effective way to manage V. auraria, V. basalis and V. tropica in apiaries.