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20193
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Subject: Agricultural Biochemistry × End date: 2019 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    BIOCHEMICAL EVALUATION OF ORGANICALLY GROWN WHEAT GENOTYPES
    (CSKHPKV. Palampur, 2019-07-23) SUNIDHI; SHARMA, NEELAM
    In the present investigation entitled “Biochemical evaluation of organically grown wheat genotypes” the grains of twenty-four selected genotypes of wheat each for organically and inorganically grown were evaluated for biochemical attributes of dietary significance and nutritional aspects. Statistically significant variations in wheat genotypes grown under organic production system were observed in moisture content (11.06 to 13.08%), ash (1.12 to 2.26%), crude protein (8.27 to 12.88%), fat content (1.15 to 3.27%), crude fibre content (1.02 to 2.4%), carbohydrates (69.06 to 74.40%), total soluble protein (0.33 to 0.68 mg/100g), lysine content (0.17 to 0.31 mg/100g) and in vitro protein digestibility (64.29 to 79.58%). Genotypes grown under inorganic production system varied significantly in moisture content (11.16 to 14.54 %), ash (1.15 to 2.27 %), crude protein (8.54 to 12.07%), fat (1.15 to 3.03%), crude fibre (1.2 to 2.8%), carbohydrates (67.74 to 75.12%), total soluble protein (0.48 to 0.66 mg/100g), lysine content (0.26 to 0.37 mg/100g) and in vitro protein digestibility (62.44 to 79.95%). The range of variation for minerals in organically grown wheat genotypes, viz., sodium, copper, iron, zinc and manganese were found to be in order of 25.75-40 mg/100g, 0.28-0.69 mg/100g, 6.24-6.63 mg/100g, 2.67-6.97 mg/100g and 1.02-1.84 mg/100g respectively. The trend in inorganically grown wheat genotypes for variability in sodium, copper, iron, zinc and manganese was found to be 28.55-44.25 mg/100g, 0.33-0.50 mg/100g, 6.24-6.37 mg/100g, 1.54-5.80 mg/100g and 1.23-1.99 mg/100g respectively. Amongst the organically grown wheat genotypes, the highest value was observed in HPW-972 for crude protein and ash; in HPW-973 for crude fat; in KANKU for carbohydrates; PW-1054 for in vitro protein digestibility. In case of inorganically grown wheat genotypes, highest value was observed in HPWO-4 for protein; in HPW-972 and HPW-155 for fat; in ML-1099 for carbohydrates; in PW-1054 for in vitro protein digestibility and ash. The information obtained from this study has been used for carrying out the cumulative grading of genotypes both grown under organic and inorganic production system for nutritionally desirable characters. On grading genotypes grown under different systems together, inorganically grown AB-1 genotype ranked first and organically grown genotype HPW-980 ranked second.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF Chenopodium ambrosioides GROWN IN KANGRA VALLEY
    (CSKHPKV. Palampur, 2019-07-28) SHARMA, SHIVANI; Singh, Nageswer
    In the present investigation entitled “Nutritional Status of Chenopodium ambrosioides grown in Kangra Valley” the leaf samples of Chenopodium ambrosioides collected from twelve locations of Kangra valley were evaluated for various biochemical and phytochemical constituents of quality significance. Significant variation in biochemical constituents among various Chenopodium ambrosioides collections was observed i.e. moisture (26.01 to 36.64 per cent), total ash (15.01 to 19.15 per cent), crude protein (23.18 to 31.20 per cent), crude fat (2.73 to 6.89 per cent), crude fibre (9.01 to 10.69 per cent), total carbohydrate (4.95 to 13.68 per cent), sodium (227.50 to 315.00 mg/100g), calcium (912.50 to 1025.00 mg/100g), potassium (982.50 to 1086.67 mg/100g), iron (0.64 to 0.69 mg/100g), zinc (0.11 to 0.14 mg/100g), manganese (0.05 to 0.11 mg/100g) and copper (0.13 to 0.45 mg/100g). Phytochemical constituents also showed considerable variation in the total phenols (326.33 to 489.56 mg/100g), tannins (75.16 to 195.06 mg/100g), total chlorophyll (0.87 to 1.68 mg/g), carotenoids (13.33 to 23.87 µg/g), ascorbic acid (7.25 to 17.29 mg/100g), PPO (polyphenol oxidase) activity (0.045 to 0.092 ΔOD/min), and antioxidant activity (4.53 to 9.18 µg/ml). Multi-purpose/versatile collections were identified based on cumulative rating as Dehra, Harchkiyan, Jaswan, Palampur and Daroh followed by Thural for proximate composition, mineral content and phytochemical constituents excelling in that order of preference.
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    PRODUCTION OF SEMI-DWARF AND BLAST RESISTANT DERIVATIVES OF RANBIR BASMATI USING ANTHER CULTURE AND MARKER-ASSISTED-SELECTION
    (CSKHPKV, Palampur, 2019-02) Samal, Prabhudut; Rathour, Rajeev
    Rice blast is one of the most important fungal diseases in rice, which is caused by the fungus Magnaporthe oryzae (syn: Pyricularia oryzae Cav.). The disease not only causes reduction in yield but also results in chalky and sterile grains thus ultimately deteriorating the grain quality in Basmati rice. The present investigation was aimed at development of the semi-dwarf and blast resistant fixed derivatives of a traditional Basmati rice variety Ranbir Basmati through introgression of blast resistance gene Pi-9 and a recessive semi-dwarfing gene sd-1 from a Basmati donor PB1(Pi9). Of the total 388 BC2F2 plants of cross Ranbir Basmati*3/ PB1(Pi9) subjected to marker-assisted foreground selection, 23 were found to be homozygous for both the genes Pi-9 and sd-1. Of the 12459 anthers of BC2F2 progenies of plant JKR-1-29-100 only 68 formed calli, whereas 28 calli were induced from the 6043 anthers obtained from BC2F2 progenies of JKR1-34-16. A total of 37 plantlets were regenerated from the 96 anther derived calli of the selected BC2F2 progenies with overall regeneration frequency of 38.54%. A significant proportion of regenerated plantlets were albinos. Of the total 37 regenerated plantlets 21 (56.75%) were green, while the remaining 16 (43.24%) were albinos. The overall anther culture response of the BC2F2 derivatives of cross Ranbir Basmati*3/ PB1(Pi9) was very low (0.11%) as only 21 green plantlets could be regenerated from the 18502 cultured anthers. The analysis of yield and its component traits in anther culture derived doubled haploid (DH) plants revealed the presence of superior transgressive segregants for the traits viz., effective tillers, grains per panicle and yield per plant; some of the DH plants out performed both the parental genotypes for these traits. Two DH lines, DH-6 and DH-11, besides being semi-dwarf and highly resistant to blast, exhibited yield, maturity and grain quality attributes (except grain length) comparable or better than Ranbir Basmati. These lines can be further evaluated for yield and blast resistance under multi-location yield trials to assess their potential as new varieties.