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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    OCCURRENCE AND CHARACTERIZATION OF EXTENDED SPECTRUM β- LACTAMASE PRODUCING ENTERICBACTERIAL PATHOGENS FROM FOOD ANIMALS AND ENVIRONMENT
    (COLLEGE OF VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES, POOKODE WAYANAD, 2019-12-20) K L, AKARSH
    Enteric pathogens are the major threat to public health. Among various enteric pathogens, Escherichia coli and Salmonella are considerably responsible for causing gastrointestinal disorders. Some of them possess Extended spectrum beta lactamase enzyme which are plasmid mediated beta lactamase resistant enzymes and their emergence among the above organisms is a great matter of concern. Hence, the present study is envisaged to know the distribution status of ESBL producing entero bacterial pathogens (E. coli and Salmonella) from food animals and environment in Wayanad district. A total of 460 samples including chicken (100), beef (100), meat (chicken/beef) products (50), animal faecal samples (50), raw milk from milk societies (50), mastitis milk (50), soil (30) and water (30) were analysed for E. coli and Salmonella through conventional culture and molecular method using uidA gene (E. coli) and invA gene (Salmonella). The presence of E. coli was recorded in chicken (32), beef (18), meat products (5), faecal sample (35), raw milk (30), mastitic milk (16), soil (6) and water (50), respectively. Among the recovered E. coli isolates, 68.02 per cent were ESBL producers and the major prevailing gene found was blaCTX-M (53.74 per cent). The presence of Salmonella was recorded in chicken (26), beef (18), cooked meat products (1), raw milk (9), mastitic milk (3), faecal sample (4), water (1) and soil samples (5), respectively. A total of 58.20 per cent of the Salmonella isolates were ESBL producers and the most prevailing gene was blaCTX-M (24 isolates) and blaSHV (23 isolates). Most of the E. coli and Salmonella isolates were found sensitive to Imipenem and were more resistant to cefotaxime antibiotic. Thus, the present study highlights the presence of E. coli and Salmonella among food animals and environmental source, prevalence of ESBL production among the above isolates and its diversified genotypic pattern in Wayanad