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20221
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Subject: Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology × Author: ADHEENA XAVIER ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EVALUATION OF PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF LEMONGRASS OIL AND CITRAL ON FATTY LIVER DISEASE IN RATS
    (COLLEGE OF VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES MANNUTHY, THRISSUR, KERALA VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, 2022-02-25) ADHEENA XAVIER; Dr. Suja Rani S.
    Fatty liver disease is on the rise across the world, necessitating an urgent quest for effective remedies, particularly those with minimal adverse effects. Medicinal plants and its secondary metabolites especially the essential oils have recently been considered as prospective pharmacological agents for the prevention and management of various hepatic and metabolic impairments. The present study was therefore undertaken to evaluate the protective effect of lemon grass oil (LGO) and citral on experimentally induced hepatic lipidosis in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into six groups of six animals each. Group I received 0.1 per cent tween 80 (vehicle/normal control) and group II received both CCl4 treatment and tween 80 (CCl4 control), while group III to VI received LGO and citral at 45 and 90 mg/kg body weight dose levels respectively, along with CCl4 treatment. The vehicle/test substances were administered orally for 14 days on daily basis and all the animals except from normal control group were given CCl4 subcutaneously on 9th, 10th, 11th and 12th day of experiment for the induction of fatty liver. The CCl4 induced abnormal levels of serum biomarker enzymes (ALT, AST and ALP), hepatic lipid levels and hepatic antioxidant parameters (LPO and GSH) could be significantly restored after the treatment with LGO/citral at both the dose levels. The histological examination of liver revealed near normal architecture in LGO at 90 mg/kg and citral at both 45 and 90 mg/kg treated groups, indicating their remarkable lipotropic potential. Moreover, LGO and citral were found to be safe at the orally tested limit dose level of 2000 mg/kg as per OECD guidelines. The phytochemical profile of LGO as analysed by GC-MS revealed the presence of alpha and beta citral as the major constituents. In silico docking of citral against PPARα further disclosed high binding affinity, suggesting its role as a plausible target of action for LGO and citral. Besides, the treatment with LGO/citral for 14 days significantly attenuated the CCl4 induced rise in PPARα gene expression in liver and even restored to the level of normal control. Thus, the present findings of the study established the protective effect of LGO and citral on fatty liver disease, which could be attributed to its lipotropic, antioxidant and PPARα modulatory effects.