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20221
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Subject: Veterinary Pathology × Author: ALIN MOIDEEN T K × Thesis Type: M.V.Sc. ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    PATHOLOGY OF AVIAN REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS AND MOLECULAR DETECTION OF ASSOCIATED VIRUSES
    (COLLEGE OF VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCS, POOKODE, WAYANAD, KERALA VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, 2022-12-17) ALIN MOIDEEN T K; Dr. Pradeep M
    Economic viability of layer farms and avian breeding houses depends on good egg production which in turn depend on maintenance of healthy reproductive system. The present study entitled “ Pathology of avian reproductive organs and molecular detection of associated viruses” focused on systematic recording and classification of various gross and histopathological changes in ovary and oviduct of female and testis of male bird carcasses and molecular detection of associated viruses such as Marek’s disease virus (MDV), infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV), Newcastle disease virus (NDV), fowl adenovirus (FAdV), avian leukosis virus (ALV), reticuloendotheliosis virus (REV), duck virus enteritis virus (DVEV) and duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV). Three hundred bird carcasses of various species were examined, gross lesions recorded and samples of ovary, oviduct and testis were collected for histopathological and molecular detection. The bird carcasses included different species such as chicken (155), duck (17), turkey (2), guinea fowl (1), quail (5), silver pheasant (1) and parrots (2) and were further grouped into chick/duckling, grower, and adult age groups. Gross pathological changes in reproductive system were observed in 41 percent birds of which 88.62 percent were females. In males, congestive changes in the testicular tunic was the major lesion (8.87 percent) followed by testicular atrophy, lithiasis and neoplasm. In ovary congestion of ovarian follicles (27.27 percent) was the predominant lesion followed by atrophy, egg yolk peritonitis, follicular rupture and hemorrhage, neoplasia and abnormal follicular atresia. The major gross lesions in the oviduct was serosal congestion (25.57 percent) followed by atrophy, salpingitis, egg bound condition, cystic right oviduct and neoplasia. Various histopathological lesions were observed in testicular tunic, seminiferous tubules, epididymis and interstitium of testes including a testicular teratoma. Ovary and oviduct showed vascular changes, ovarian granulosa cell degeneration, atrophic and degenerative changes of mucosal and glandular epithelium of oviduct, ovaritis, salpingitis, and neoplasia. Molecular detection revealed the presence of MDV, REV, IBV, IBDV, FAdV, DVEV, and NDV with or without coinfection in the carcasses while only MDV and REV were detected from the reproductive organs. The study revealed various affections that were not prominent grossly and pressed the need of histological and molecular methods for identifying underlying reproductive disease conditions in birds.