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ThesisItem Open Access EVALUATION OF MILK REPLACERS CONTAINING ALTERNATIVE PROTEIN SOURCES IN CROSSBRED CALVES(COLLEGE OF VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES MANNUTHY, THRISSUR, KERALA VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, 2023-01-28) ABHIJITH M; Dr. Sajith PurushothamanA study was conducted for a period of 90 days for the evaluation of effect of milk replacers containing soy protein isolate and wheat protein isolate in preruminant crossbred calves on growth and performance. Eighteen crossbred calves of four-day-old were selected from University Livestock Farm and Fodder Research and Development Scheme (ULF & FRDS), Mannuthy. The dietary treatments were T1 (Control) fed with whole milk, T2- fed with soy protein isolate based milk replacer (CP-22 per cent) and milk in the ratio 3:1, and T3- fed with wheat protein isolate based milk replacer (CP-22 per cent) and milk in the ratio 3:1. To all the experimental animals, calf starter (CP-23 per cent) and green grass were offered and were fed according to ICAR (2013). The average initial and final body weights and total weight gain and weresimilar across the treatments and no significant difference was observed through statistical analysis. Average daily gain of calves in three experimental rations T1, T2 and T3 were 328.37 ± 9.51, 325.03 ± 11.39 and 330.56 ± 8.34 g respectively, and no significant difference were observed among the treatment.The fortnightly average daily DMI of the experimental calves ranged from 386.33 ± 20.84 to 911.02 ± 32.42 g for T1, 370.42 ± 15.30 to 1139.82 ± 21.40 gfor T2 and 375.86 ± 19.68 to 1150.50 ± 48.28 g for T3. On statistical analysis no significant difference was observed except in the fifth and sixth fortnights, in which a significantly lower (p<0.01) average daily dry matter intake was observed in T1 compared with T2 and T3. The average feed conversion ratio of the calves under the three experimental diets were 2.10 ± 0.37, 2.49 ± 0.19, and 2.46 ± 0.13 respectively, for T1, T2 and T3, and no significant difference was observed. The digestibility coefficient values of nutrients were similar across the treatments except for ADF, in which T3 (56.38 ± 2.09) was found to be significantly higher (p<0.01) from T1 (51.80 ± 1.28) and T2 (48.72 ± 0.92).Hematobiochemical parameters were similar across the treatments and no difference could be observed. Cost per kilogram of body weight in calves were obtained as 445.79 ± 20.98, 320.08 ± 8.27 and 315.61 ± 13.07 Rs. /Kg respectively, for T1, T2 and T3 and on statistical analysis it was observed that T1 differed significantly at one per cent level with T2 and T3. Evaluation of the data revealed that the calves maintained on milk replacerobtained similar growth performance, digestibility coefficient values andhaematological values in comparison to whole milk fed calves at a lower cost.Hence it was concluded that milk replacers containing alternative protein sourceslike soy protein isolate and wheat protein isolate can be successfully used foreconomical calf rearing than the whole milk feeding
