Thumbnail Image

Theses

Browse

2022 - 20233
Reset filters
Author: Deepak Kumar × Start date: 2022 × Type: Thesis ×
Reset filters

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Morphological, biochemical and molecular characterization of Asiatic cotton (Gossypium arboreum L.)
    (CCSHAU, Hisar, 2023-01) Deepak Kumar; Sangwan, Omender
    The present investigation “Morphological, biochemical and molecular characterization of Asiatic cotton (Gossypium arboreum L.)” was carried out at Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar in kharif 2019-2020 and 2020-21 with the objective of estimating diversity of 150 genotypes of desi cotton. Variation among genotypes was present for hypocotyl pigmentation, leaf colour, leaf shape, leaf hairiness, flower stigma, leaf nectaries, stem hairiness, boll weight, petiole pigmentation, flower petal colour, boll shape, prominence of tip, plant height, boll opening, seed index, ginning percentage, fibre length, fibre strength and fibre fineness. Analysis of variance revealed presence of variability for all the quantitative traits among the genotypes other than number of locules per boll and seed index. GCV and PCV were high for number of bolls per plant and seed cotton yield, medium for plant height, number of monopods, single boll weight, gossypol content and these parameters were found low in days to first flower, seed index, GOT (%), oil content, fibre length, fibre strength), fibre uniformity, fibre maturity and fibre fineness. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was observed for most of the traits viz. boll weight, plant height, number of monopods per plant, seed index, oil content, number of bolls per plant, fibre fineness, fibre strength and seed cotton yield per plant. This shows the dominance of additive gene action behind the traits hence direct selection will be effective for these traits. Correlation studies showed that seed cotton yield per plant was significantly and positively correlated with all the traits except days to first flower, plant height and negatively correlated with biochemical and fibre quality traits. Thus, improving other traits, seed cotton yield per plant will also increase. Fibre quality traits like fibre length is significantly positive correlated with fibre strength but negative correlated with seed cotton yield thus suggests that quality and quantity cannot be improved simultaneously one has to be compromised. Whereas, improving fibre length and fibre strength at a time is possible as they are in positive relationship. Genetic diversity analysis was done using 100 SSR markers out of which 66 were found polymorphic with average number of alleles as 2.73 per locus. FFS15 and HD 328 or HD 551 and HD 544 showed 98% similarity index, which means they are the most similar genotypes and have similar genetic background whereas genotypes namely Vira 6 and BHO 5 VIII were the most dissimilar genotypes.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Impact of biochar and organic manures on soil properties and wheat yield
    (CCSHAU, Hisar, 2023-09) Deepak Kumar; Chaudhary, Kautilya
    A field experiment entitled “Impact of biochar and organic manures on soil properties and wheat yield” was carried at research farm, Department of Soil Science, CCSHAU, Hisar Haryana. The location of experimental site was 29o16’N latitude and 75o7’E longitude in the North-West part of India. The objective of this study to evaluate the impact of biochar and organic manures in enhancing the yield of wheat and soil properties. The experiment was designed with seven treatments comprising of control + RDF, 10 t/ha FYM + RDF, 5 t/ha vermicompost + RDF, 2.5 t/ha biochar + RDF, 5 t/ha biochar + RDF, 10 t/ha biochar + RDF and absolute control with three replications in a randomized block design by keeping net plot size 2.0 m x 2.0 m and row spacing of 20 cm. The observations were noted for fifteen parameters pertaining to the physical, chemical and microbiological properties of soil including yield attributes of wheat crop. The result showed that physical properties like moisture at -33 kPa and -1500 kPa (0-15cm) (4.5 cm h-1) and soil moisture at different intervals of times (14.45 and 8.54 %) was found maximum in treatment 10 t/ha biochar + RDF, while bulk density (1.38 mg m-3) was noted minimum in same treatment. In case of chemical properties of soil treatment 10 t/ha biochar + RDF reported maximum electrical conductivity (0.44 dSm-1), available NPK (126.50, 20.6, 380.4 kg ha-1), available micronutrients {Zn (1.91 mg kg-1), Cu (1.55 mg kg-1), Fe (10.75 mg kg-1) and Mn (3.80 mg kg-1)}, However maximum organic carbon recorded in treatment consisting 10 t/ha FYM + RDF and microbiological properties like microbial count (CFU/g soil) of bacteria 32.18 x 106 and actinomycetes (27.82 x 105), soil microbial activity of Dehydrogenase 119 ug TPF g-1 24 h-1, Urease (69.48 ug N g-1 soil h-1) and Alkaline phosphatase (208.95 ug PNP released g-1 soil h- 1) and microbial biomass carbon (808.77 mg kg-1) was found maximum in treatment 10 t/ha biochar + RDF, while minimum values were recorded in absolute control. The data recorded on yield attributes such as grain yield (5300 kg ha-1), straw yield (10675 kg ha-1), test weight (42.8 g) and harvest index (33.18 %) were found maximum in treatment 10 t/ha biochar + RDF. In economic analysis treatment 5 t/ha biochar + RDF was found practically more feasible with a net return (27825 Rs/ha) and benefit cost ratio (1.36).
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on the effect of various factors on survival and efficacy of Heterorhabditis spp. against brinjal shoot and fruit borer, Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee
    (Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University hisar, 2022-11) Deepak Kumar; Anil Kumar
    Present investigations were carried out on “Studies on the effect of various factors on survival and efficacy of Heterorhabditis spp. against brinjal shoot and fruit borer, Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee” under laboratory and field conditions in Department of Nematology, CCS HAU, Hisar between years, 2019 to 2022. Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) infestations were found in 40 of the 160 soil samples that were collected from eight districts of Haryana during survey. On the basis of corpse colour, 25 of the 40 soil samples tested positive for Steinernema species and eight of those contained Heterorhabditis species. The highest frequency of occurrence of EPNs was found in Panipat (40.9%) followed by Hisar (37.5%) and Sonipat district (36.4%), while Karnal district had the lowest incidence of EPNs i.e. 19 percent. Among the four temperature tested for storage, both of the effective isolates of H. indica (D-2 & D-6) had greater viability at a temperature of 25º C. The highest multiplication of IJs of H. indica D-2 and H. indica D-6 was observed in modified dog biscuit medium followed by modified wout’s medium-III. Survival and activity of EPNs decreased gradually in glycerin and liquid paraffin antidesiccants in 90 days storage. The active IJs obtained from glycerin @ 1 percent storage, showed maximum efficacy against the test insect in both the isolates of H. indica (D-2 & D-6). When H. indica isolates were applied in two spray treatments with a three-day interval, the maximum mortality of Leucinodes orbonalis was seen and this was considerably comparable with spinosad 45 SC @ 72ml per acre was applied as a treatment for the management of insect pests of brinjal in field conditions. So, the native isolates of H. indica (D-2 & D-6) proved virulent and effective against brinjal shoot & fruit borer in field conditions. Hence, it was concluded from the study that H. indica isolates are environmentally safe alternate to chemical pesticides in brinjal.