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2020 - 20224
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Subject: Textile and Apparel Designing × End date: 2022 × Start date: 2020 × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of biomordants on dyeability of cotton fabric with natural dye
    (CCS HAU, Hisar, 2020-07) Neeta; Arya, Nisha
    Increasing concern about environmental pollution in all sphere of life has raised grave concern and heated debates around the world about the concept of ecology and environment. In the present time, commercially viable alternative methods for preparing and finishing cotton substrates based on the use of biomordants have emerged. Keeping in view the current scenario of environmental consciousness, the present study has been planned to assess the effect of biomordant on dyeing efficacy of cotton with natural dye substituting metal based mordant and salts. Standardization of biomordanting process for two biomordants i.e. harad and heena was done on the basis of dye absorption, colour strength and wash fastness rating for different concentrations and treatment conditions. The desized and scoured fabric were pre-treated with selected two biomordants and dyed with selected natural dye. Scanning Electron Microscopic (SEM) analysis of biomordanted fabric samples. SEM analysis demonstrated plain surface of biomordant treated sample. The colour coordinates, colour strength and colour fastness of the biomordant treated dyed samples were assessed. Various mechanical, performance and functional properties of the biomordant treated dyed fabric were also tested. Comparative analysis was also done between scoured fabric treated with biomordants and dyed with natural dye. The parameter optimized for biomordanting process of scoured fabric were pre mordanting stage with 5 and 10 per cent concentration, 1:30 M: L Ratio, 6 and 4 pH, 60° and 80°C treatment temperature and 60 and 45 minutes treatment time for heena and harad, respectively. Both the biomordant treated dyed samples exhibited good (4) to very good (4/5) colour fastness properties. The results revealed that among both the biomordants treated dyed fabrics, heena treated dyed fabric showed maximum increase in bending length (2.39 cm) and heena treated dyed sample showed highest increase in elongation (29.68%), crease recovery angle (113 degree), moisture regain (10 %) and wickability (3.86cm). The heena treated and Babool bark dyed fabric showed the highest UPF value (56.89) indicating excellent protection category while in harad treated dyed fabric UPF value was (48.76). The biomordants treated dyed fabrics showed bacterial resistance against E. coli (93.35%) and S. aureus (88.07%). Thus, it is concluded that biomordants treatment enhanced the dyeing efficacy of the cotton fabric with better colour fastness properties. The biomordant treatment and Babool bark dye improved the mechanical and performance properties of cotton fabric with very good to excellent protection from UV radiation and bacterial attack. Hence, the biomordants are suitable replacement materials for cotton fabric in textile wet processing due to their positive response towards environment and no harmful effect on fabric properties.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of Biomordants on Dyeability of Cotton Fabric with Ashoka Bark dye
    (Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University hisar, 2022-07) Savita; Lalita Rani
    Increasing concern about environmental pollution in all sphere of life has raised grave concern and heated debates around the world about the concept of ecology and environment. The present study has been planned to assess the effect of different biomordants treatment on dyeing efficiency of cotton for substituting metal based mordant and salts. Standardization of biomordants treatment for two biomordants i.e. lemon and Henna was done on the basis of percent dye absorption, colour strength and wash fastness rating for different biomordants concentration and treatment conditions. The desized and scoured fabrics were pretreated with the two biomordants and dyed with ashoka bark dye. Scanning Electron Microscopic (SEM) analysis of biomordants treated fabrics of selected dye. SEM analysis demonstrated smoother surface of biomordant treated sample. The colour coordinates, colour strength and colour fastness of the biomordant treated dyed samples were assessed. Various mechanical, performance and functional properties of the biomordants treated dyed fabric were also tested. Comparative analysis was also done between scoured fabric treated with biomordants and dyed with natural dye. The parameter optimized for biomordants treatment of scoured fabric were premordanting stage with 5 and 10 per cent concentration, 1:30 M:L Ratio, 4pH, 70°and 60°C treatment temperature and 60 and 60 minutes treatment time for Henna and lemon respectively. All these treatment variables were same for the scoured fabric. All the two biomordant treated dyed samples exhibited good (4) to good (4) colour fastness properties. The results revealed that among both the biomordants treated dyed fabrics, lemon treated dyed fabric showed maximum increase in bending length (2.13 cm) and lemon treated dyed sample showed highest increase in elongation (42.72%), crease recovery angle (114.60 degree) in Henna, moisture regain (12.09 %) in Henna treated and wickability (4.19cm) in Henna treated. The scoured Henna treated and ashoka bark dyed fabric showed the highest UPF value (47.55) indicating excellent protection category while in scoured lemon treated dyed fabric UPF value was (44.65). The biomordants treated dyed fabrics showed bacterial resistance against E. coli (91.41%) and S. aureus (92.51%). Thus it is concluded that biomordants treatment enhanced the dyeing efficiency of the cotton fabric with better colour fastness properties. The biomordant pretreatment and ashoka bark dye improved the mechanical and performance properties of cotton fabric with very good to excellent protection from UV radiation and bacterial attack.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Microencapsulation of Vetiver Oil for Development of Aroma Wool Fabric
    (CCSHAU, Hisar, 2020-11) Rukhaya, Shalini; Rose, Neelam M.
    In recent years fragrance embedded textiles are being developed in areas of sustainability, environment consciousness, for healthy life style and well-being. Essential oil of several best known aromatic plants have therapeutic and sedative properties. Aromatherapy is a form of an alternative medicine in which essential oils are used to impart therapeutic effects. It is important to develop textile materials with added functional properties in order to promote healthy and eco-friendly life style. Therefore, the present study was carried out to develop aroma wool fabric using microencapsulated vetiver essential oil. To achieve the objectives anticipated in the research plan, vetiver essential oil was selected on the basis of aromatic and therapeutic properties. Neutral scouring of wool fabric was done to remove impurities and uniform application of aroma finish. For standardization of microencapsulation process, the ratios of core and wall materials, temperature and pH were optimized on the basis of size, distribution and quality of wall of formed microcapsules observed under inverted microscope. Different variables of aroma treatment i.e. padding bath components (microcapsule gel, softener and binder), material to liquor ratio, treatment temperature and time, drying temperature and time, curing temperature and time were optimized on the basis of presence of microcapsules on treated fabric, wash durability and improvement in fabric properties i.e. bending length, flexural rigidity and crease recovery angle. Microencapsulated vetiver oil was applied on wool fabric through pad-dry-cure method using optimized concentrations and conditions. SEM and FTIR analysis of aroma treated wool fabric was done. Physical (preliminary, mechanical and performance) and functional properties (antimoth, antibacterial and ultraviolet protection) of wool fabric were tested after aroma treatment. Aroma durability in terms of retention and intensity of aroma in treated fabric after subjecting to washing, abrasion, ironing and sun-drying were also assessed. The vetiver essential oil:gum:gelatin in the ratio 1:4:4 at 450 C temperature with initial pH 4.5 and final pH 7 were optimized for development of microcapsules as medium sized microcapsules having good uniformity in size and distribution with sharp and thick walls were obtained with these optimized process parameters. Aroma treatment was given to wool fabric using optimized concentrations of padding bath components i.e. 60 g/l microcapsule gel, 2 g/l softener and 10 g/l binder maintaining M:L ratio 1:20 for 30 minutes at 350 C treatment temperature as the fabric treated at these optimized conditions exhibited good wash durability and improved fabric properties. The 700 C drying temperature with 4 minutes drying time and 1000 C curing temperature with 60 seconds curing duration were optimized on the basis of presence of higher number of microcapsules, retention of aroma for longer duration and improvement in fabric properties of treated fabric. SEM analysis exhibited presence of numerous microcapsules of spherical shape and uniform size on the surface of aroma treated fabric. FTIR analysis showed presence of various functional groups at different peaks in aroma treated wool fabric. Preliminary properties i.e. fabric count, weight and thickness showed an increase after treating wool fabric with microencapsulated vetiver essential oil. Bending length, flexural rigidity, tensile strength and elongation of treated fabric also increased after aroma treatment. The moisture regain, wickability, water absorbency and crease recovery angle of scoured wool fabric decreased after aroma treatment while air permeability was found to be increased. Antimoth efficacy of microencapsulated vetiver essential oil treated fabric was better than scoured wool fabric. Scoured fabric showed no antibacterial activity in terms of zone of inhibition whereas aroma treated fabric exhibited antibacterial activity with 63.45 and 61.37 percent reduction in bacterial growth against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, respectively. Scoured wool fabric showed very good (30.25) UPF value while after aroma treatment it enhanced to 87.07 and the treated wool fabric came under excellent UV protection category. The aroma durability in terms of retention and intensity of aroma after exposure to different agencies i.e. washing, abrasion, ironing and sun-drying was found very good in fabric samples treated with microencapsulated vetiver essential oil. Thus, the microencapsulated vetiver essential oil can be used to impart durable aroma finish onto the wool fabric to develop functionalized textiles having antimoth, antibacterial and UV protection properties without any harmful effect on the physical properties of wool fabric.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Application of plant extract on cotton fabric for bacterial resistance
    (CCSHAU, Hisar, 2020-02) Rajni; Yadav, Saroj
    The present research was intended to apply bacterial resistant finish on cotton fabric by using banyan leaves extract. To achieve the objectives projected in research design, banyan leaves extract was selected for bacterial resistance treatment on cotton fabric. Desizing and scouring were performed on the selected cotton fabric for uniform application of finish. The concentrations and conditions for applying the plant extracts on the fabrics were optimized on the basis of the bacterial resistance efficacy. The application of finish was performed with exhaust and pad-dry-cure methods using the optimized concentrations and conditions. The efficacy of herbal finish was assessed after 5 and 10 wash cycles in terms of percent reduction in bacterial count. The herbal treated fabrics were tested for change in physical and functional properties. Aqueous extract of banyan leaves was selected for application on the cotton fabric on the basis of maximum zone of inhibition exhibited against the test bacteria i.e. Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. It was found that yield percentage with repeated maceration (triple percolation) of extract was 16.03 percent for banyan leaves. The optimum variables for antibacterial treatment on the basis of maximum bacterial resistance were 17 percent concentration of banyan leaves extract,8 percent concentration of cross-linking agent, pH 6, material to liquor ratio 1:40 for exhaust and 1:20 for pad-dry-cure method, 60 min. at 600Ctreatment time and temperature for exhaust and 30 min. at 400C for pad-dry-cure method, 1100C for 5 min. drying temperature and time for exhaust and 1300C for 5 min. for pad-dry-cure method and 1400C for 5 min. were optimum temperature and time for curing of fabric treated by pad-dry-cure method. The treated fabrics exhibited 94.62 and 93.54 percent reduction in the bacterial count of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli after the application of banyan leaves extract by exhaust method whereas after the application of banyan leaves extract by pad-dry-cure method 95.82 and 95.70 percent reduction in the bacterial count of S. aureus and E. coli respectively was observed. After 5 washing cycles, the treated fabrics exhibited 71.68 and 69.09 percent reduction in the bacterial count of S. aureus and E. Coli respectively whereas after 10 washing cycles, the reduction in bacterial count was 68.14 and 63.27 percent for S. aureus and E. Coli respectively. For pad-dry-cure method, the bacterial count of S. aureus and E. coli of the washed fabric after 5 washing cycles decreased by 73.47 and 70.98 percent respectively and after 10 washing cycles, the bacterial count of S. aureus and E. coli was decreased by 62.61 and 59.72 percent respectively. The plant extract treated fabrics were tested for change in physical properties and it was found that fabric weight, thickness, bending length, flexural rigidity, crease recovery angle and elongation of plant extract treated fabric were increased whereas fabric count, tensile strength, moisture regain and air permeability were decreased. The herbal treated fabrics exhibited excellent ultraviolet protection i.e. 41.93 by exhaust and 48.06 by pad-dry-cure method. Thus, it is concluded that banyan leaves extract treated fabric exhibited excellent ultraviolet protection and crease resistance properties. Conclusively, banyan leaves were observed as an efficient natural source for imparting bacterial resistant finish on cotton fabric.