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2022 - 20233
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Subject: Statistics × Start date: 2022 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    Trend analysis of area, production and trade of major agricultural crops in BRICS countries
    (CCSHAU, Hisar, 2022-07-22) Sowmya, Ravada; Joginder
    The present study was carried out with the objectives: firstly, to identify the trends of area, production and trade of wheat, maize and sugarcane in BRICS countries by using various linear and non linear models. Secondly, to evaluate the contribution of BRICS countries to global pool. For this, we have discussed various linear and non-linear models such as quadratic, cubic, logarithmic, logistic, Gompertz and monomolecular models. The data for area, production and trade of selected crops for the period 1961 to 2019 have been collected from FAOSTAT. The parameters of the selected models were estimated using Levenberg - Marquardt‟s iterative method of non-linear regression. Based on various performance measures such as R2 , RMSE and MAE, best models were fitted among the selected models. Based on these performance measures, we found that cubic and logistic models followed by Gompertz model were well fitted for area, production and trade as compared to other models. Also, the contribution of BRICS countries in area, production, imports and exports of wheat is 24, 27, 46 and 12 percent respectively. In case of maize, the BRICS contributed 28, 24, 25 and 24 percent in area, production, imports and exports respectively and in case of sugarcane, the contribution of BRICS countries is 48, 49, 29 and 64 percent in area, production, imports and exports respectively.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Comparative study of stability measures for rice (Oryza sativa) genotypes
    (CCS HAU, Hisar, 2023-07) Bisht, Prashant; Vinay Kumar
    The study aimed to compare existing parametric and non-parametric stability measures for rice genotypes and propose a modified measure based on entropy-based TOPSIS. Experimental data from thirty-six rice genotypes evaluated at two locations over two cropping seasons were analyzed to evaluate genotype-environment interaction. The results revealed strong positive correlations between stability measures such as Wricke's ecovalence and Shukla's stability variance, indicating their similarity in stability ranking. Additionally, significant positive correlations were found between mean yield and specific stability measures, suggesting their effectiveness in selecting genotypes with high yield potential. The proposed modified measure, incorporating entropy weights and four parametric measures, provided a comprehensive assessment of stability. The study emphasized the importance of considering both stability and yield in genotype selection, and the findings contribute to a better understanding of stability analysis in rice cultivation.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    An Economic Analysis of Carrot Cultivation in Haryana and Karnataka
    (CCS HAU HISAR, 2022-08) M S, Manasa; Papang.S, Janailin
    The present study was undertaken to know the growth rate, instability and contribution of area and yield on the production of carrot. The study also focussed on the economic analysis of carrot cultivation, resource use efficiency in carrot production and constraints faced by farmers in production and marketing of the carrot crop. The study is based on both primary and secondary data. For collection of primary data, a multistage sampling method was used which includes a sample of 40 farmers cultivating carrot from Haryana and 40 farmers cultivating carrot from Karnataka. The secondary data was collected for a period of 20 years from 2001 to 2020.The growth rate was estimated using compound annual growth rate, instability is measured using CDVI, contribution of area and yield on production is studied using decomposition analysis. The economics of carrot cultivation was calculated using various cost concepts as devised by CACP and B:C Ratio. Resource-use efficiency was measured by employing Cobb-Douglas production function and for constraints analysis Garrett’s ranking technique was employed. Results revealed that the growth rate in area and production carrot in India as well as in Haryana and Karnataka have increased with 7.62, 14.72, 0.81 and 7.57, 4.47, 0.46 per cent per year, respectively while productivity have decreased by -0.24, -0.24 and -0.38 per cent per year, respectively. The instability in area and production of carrot showed a higher degree of instability compared to productivity. The decomposition analysis showed that the area effect and yield effect were found to be responsible for increase in production of carrot in India as well as in Haryana. Whereas, in Karnataka, the yield effect was found to be responsible for increase in production of carrot, while area effect and interaction effect were responsible for decrease in production. In Haryana, the per hectare total cost of cultivation of carrot worked out was ₹219528. Farmers received a net return of ₹185238 with a B:C ratio of 1.84 per hectare. Similarly, the farmers growing carrot in Karnataka obtained a net returns ₹218941 per hectare and total cost of cultivation worked out was ₹358886 per hectare with a B:C ratio of 1.61.The returns to scale from carrot production in Haryana was found to be 1.03 and resource use efficiency of different inputs used in production was revealed as positive and greater than one indicating their under-utilization, except for the irrigation where it found to be positive and less than one indicating its over-utilization. The returns to scale from carrot production in Karnataka was found to be 0.54 and resource-use efficiency of different inputs used in production was revealed as positive and greater than one indicating their under-utilization, except for the input plant protection chemicals and human labour where they found to be positive and less than one indicating their over-utilization. The major constraints faced by farmers were, high cost of labour, scarcity of labour, attack of pest and diseases, high fluctuation in prices and lack of cooperative marketing system in village.