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Subject: Soil Science × End date: 2018 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on STCR approach of nutrient management on soil properties under pearl millet-wheat cropping system
    (CCSHAU, 2018) Vikas Kumar; Goyal, Vishal
    The present investigation was carried out on the ongoing long term experiment of STCR initiated originally in 2009 to study the yield sustainability and maintenance of soil fertility at Research Farm of Department of Soil Science, CCS, HAU, Hisar. The experiment was planned in a randomized block design with four replication and seven treatments viz. T1-control, T2- FYM @ 15 t ha-1, T3-RDN & P, T4-STCR with TY 5.5/3.3 t ha-1, T5-STCR with TY 6.0/3.5 t ha-1, T6-STCR-IPNS with TY 5.5/3.0 FYM and T7-STCR-IPNS with 6.0/3.5 FYM yield targets. FYM @ 15 t ha-1 were applied in rabi and kharif season in T2, T6 & T7 plots. The treatments where FYM @ 15 t ha-1 was applied approximately 22 kg N & 15 t ha-1 was reduced from fertilizer nutrients. The results of the experiment revealed that the physical properties of the soil such as bulk density, infiltration rate, saturated hydraulic conductivity, aggregate mean weight diameter, soil moisture retention and penetration resistance of the soil improved with addition of organic matter either alone or in combination with fertilizers both at surface 0-15 & subsurface 15-30 cm soil depth. Bulk density decreased by 3.0 to 3.7 % and 3.31 to 4.19 % after 9 years of continuous FYM application in rabi and kharif at 0-15 and 15-30 cm soil depth. Saturated hydraulic conductivity increased by 1.17 to 1.22 & 0.54 to 0.61 cm hr-1, water stable aggregates varied from 48.5 to 50.2 % and 43.3 to 47.4 %, soil moisture retention at field capacity from 29.4 to 29.8 & 30.0 to 29.9 % at permanent wilting point from 9.36 to 10.02 & 9.73 to 10.23 % at 0-15 and 15-30 cm, respectively. The chemical and biological properties of the soil such as organic carbon, microbial biomass carbon, available NPK and micronutrients increased significantly with addition in FYM @ 15 t ha-1 in rabi and kharif both at surface and subsurface soils. The percent deviation in grain yield of wheat varies from + 0.9 to +4.5 and pearl millet varies from -5.2 to +1.5 in target yield treatments which showed the validity of the target yield equation. The physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil improved with addition of FYM continuously on long term basis which is due to improvement of physical structure of the soil that may results in more uptakes of nutrients by plants, thus increasing the grain and straw yield for wheat and pearl millet.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of sewage water irrigation on physico-chemical properties of different textured soils
    (CCSHAU, 2018) Sushil; Garhwal, R.S.
    A field survey based study was conducted entitled ―Effect of sewage water irrigation on physico-chemical properties of different textured soils‖ in Department of Soil Science, CCS HAU Hisar taking five locations in Haryana to observe the effect of sewage water irrigation on physical, chemical and biological properties of soils in comparison to the non-sewage water. The five locations selected under study were Kurukshetra, Kaithal, Narwana, Jind and Charkhi Dadri. The sewage as well as non-sewage water quality was tested. The pH, EC, calcium carbonate, CEC, exchangeable cations, micronutrients, available NPK and heavy metals were found higher in the soils irrigated with sewage water as compared to the soils irrigated with non-sewage water. However, the infiltration rate of the soils irrigated with sewage water was observed low as compared to the infiltration rate of soils irrigated with non-sewage water. Further, the significant correlation was observed between the pH, EC and the exchangeable cations and anions. All the heavy metals detected in all the sites were found below the permissible limit. Therefore, it can be concluded that in the scarcity of irrigation water, sewage water can be used in the critical period of growth for life saving of the crops and the savings in terms of micro-nutrient deficiency amelioration practices can be done without expending on expensive nutrient supplements in plants.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Evaluation of soil fertility status under different spacings of eucalyptus tereticornis based agroforestry system
    (CCSHAU, 2018) Badeshra, Sangam; Bhardwaj, K.K.
    The present investigation entitled Evaluation of soil fertility status under different spacings of Eucalyptus tereticornis based agroforestry system at Research Farm of Forestry Department, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during 2016-17 to evaluate soil physical, chemical and biological properties and to study the nutrients status in leaf litter fall at different spacing of Eucalyptus tereticornis based agroforestry system. Soil samples from different spacings of Eucalyptus plantings viz. 17×1×1 m, 6×1.5 m and 3×3 m were analyzed for different soil properties at 0-15, 15-30, 30-60 and 60-90 cm depth. Soil bulk density and infiltration rate improved in agroforestry system. There was less effect of different spacings of Eucalyptus trees on soil pH, however electrical conductivity decreased with decrease in spacing between Eucalyptus trees at different depths. Organic matter and availability of nutrients (N, P, K, DTPA extractable micronutrients, dissolved organic carbon and total N) increase significantly at closer spacing (3×3 m) of Eucalyptus tereticornis based agroforestry system. Improvement in soil properties under agroforestry was more as compared to sole cropping system. Depth-wise similar trend was observed under different treatment combinations. However the reduction was more in 15-30 cm soil depth. Available N, P, and K content were in the range 102.0- 121.6, 8.3-10.3, and 244.6-278.2 kg/ha respectively. The DTPA extractable micronutrient Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu were in the range 0.8- 1.3, 5.1- 6.7, 6.8- 8.1 and 2.6- 3.1 mg/kg respectively. The percent mineralization rate of nitrogen was in the range 2.5-4.8 %. Mineralization increased significantly by incorporating trees with crops. The microbial biomass C and urease activity increased from 146.7 to 276.1 mg/kg soil and 45.5 to 64.4 g NH4 +-N/g/h respectively.The dehydrogenase and phosphatase activity increased from 88.6 to 183.5 mg TPF/kg soil/24 h and 70.8 to 124.7 mg PNP/kg soil/h respectively. The enzymatic activities were found higest under 3×3 m and these decreased significantly with increase in tree spacing of Eucalypus and devoid of tree treatment. Leaf liter, nutrient content and nutrient addition was found maxium under closer spacing (3×3 m) of agroforestry system. The closer spacing of Eucalyptus returned substantial amount of N (107.4 kg/ha/year) while the average annual input of N, P and K were 95.6, 12.9 and 17.6 kg/ha/year, respectively. The input of Ca and Mg ranged from 96.8 (17×1×1m) to 122.9 (3×3 m) and from 50.4 (17×1×1m) to 63.3 (3×3 m) kg/ha/year, respectively. The total mean micronutrients (Zn, Mn Cu and Fe) return through leaf litter was 6.0 kg/ha/year out of which maximum contributon was of Mn (45%). Therefore, Eucalyptus based agroforestry system improves soil health by enhanced soil organic matter and improved soil properties.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Evaluation of carbon stock potential as affected by cropping systems in soils of eastern Haryana
    (CCSHAU, 2018) Lamba, Shubham; Phogat, V.K.
    Maintenance of carbon stocks in agricultural soils to an optimum level is crucial for achieving food security and environmental quality. Carbon is continuously cycling between diverse global carbon pools, understanding the dynamics of soil organic carbon and its relation with farming practices is utmost important for management of soil organic carbon pools and sustainability in agricultural production systems. The availability of nutrients and organic carbon in soils of Haryana is depleted primarily because of exhaustive crops, chemical fertilizers, and poor management followed by less or no application of manures and organic amendments. Soils of Haryana have potential to sequester carbon in varying amounts depending upon the soil texture and cropping system adopted. Samples from the surface and sub-surface soils were collected with the help of handheld GPS from Sonepat, Panipat, Karnal, Kurukshetra, Ambala, Yamunanagar, Panchkula, Jind, Kaithal, Rohtak, Jhajjar, Faridabad, Mewat, Palwal and Gurugram districts. The soil organic carbon (SOC) (3.53 g kg-1), soil organic carbon stock (SCS) (8.81 Mg ha-1 C) and carbon sequestration rate (0.88 Mg ha-1 C) were significantly higher under rice-wheat cropping system as compared to rest of the cropping systems. Likewise, the Microbial biomass carbon (MBC) (54.33 mg kg-1), light fraction carbon (LFC) (0.32 g kg-1), heavy fraction carbon (HFC) (0.98 g kg-1), coarse particulate organic carbon (cPOC) (0.26 g kg-1), fine particulate organic carbon (fPOC) (0.37 g kg-1), mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC) (1.29 g kg-1) and dehydrogenase activity (DH) (5.878 μgTPF/g soil/24 h) were also significantly higher under rice-wheat cropping system. At various soil profile depths, the SOC (4.73 g kg-1), SCS (9.94 Mg ha-1 C), SCR (0.99 Mg ha-1 C), and carbon pools such as MBC (112.86 mg kg-1), LFC (0.43 g kg-1), HFC (1.38 g kg-1), cPOC (0.37 g kg-1), fPOC (0.49 g kg-1) and MAOC (1.96 g kg-1) were found significantly higher at surface 0-15 cm depth as compare to sub-surface soil depths. Nitrogen (217 kg ha-1), phosphorus (19.4 kg ha1), potassium (219 kg ha-1) were found significantly higher at the surface (0-15 cm) of rice-wheat cropping system. Among DTPA extractable micronutrients zinc (0.712 mg kg-1) was found significantly higher in cultivated fields of rice-wheat cropping systems whereas copper was found higher in cultivated fields of all cropping systems with significant differences. Higher values of bulk density (BD), pH and EC were observed in pearl millet-based cropping systems dominated by loamy sand texture. The relationship of SOC, SCS, SOC pools and different physicochemical properties showed both positive and negative correlation with the varying level of significance. The pH and EC were found most non-significant parameters when correlated with SOC, SCS, SOC pools and nutrients. The soils of the state have significantly lost SOC from cultivated fields and thus bears significant potential for carbon sequestration whereas rice-wheat cropping system is nearly saturated and possess very less or no potential to sequester carbon.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Assessing phosphate requirements based on intensity/capacity relationship in Haryana soils
    (College of Agriculture Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University Hisar, 1984) Yadav, Hanuman Dass; Karwasra, S.P.S.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect Of Anionic Composition Of Irrigation Waters On Sodification Of Soil
    (College of Agriculture Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University Hisar, 1984) Lamba, Mohinder Singh; Siyag, R. S
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Phosphorus Uptake By Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) as influenced by moisture stress and convective transport of phosphorus in soil
    (College of Agriculture Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University Hisar, 1984) Sarmah, Nityananda; Oswal, M. C
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Zinc Copper Interaction in the Nutrition of Maize and Wheat
    (College of Agriculture Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University Hisar, 1984) Dass, Bhobria, Rameshwar; Singh, Kuldeep
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of cadmium and FYM on nitrogen transformation and uptake
    (College of Agriculture Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University Hisar, 1984) Kumar, Sunil; Dahiya, S. S;