Studies on STCR approach of nutrient management on soil properties under pearl millet-wheat cropping system
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Date
2018
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CCSHAU
Abstract
The present investigation was carried out on the ongoing long term experiment of STCR initiated originally in 2009 to study the yield sustainability and maintenance of soil fertility at Research Farm of Department of Soil Science, CCS, HAU, Hisar. The experiment was planned in a randomized block design with four replication and seven treatments viz. T1-control, T2- FYM @ 15 t ha-1, T3-RDN & P, T4-STCR with TY 5.5/3.3 t ha-1, T5-STCR with TY 6.0/3.5 t ha-1, T6-STCR-IPNS with TY 5.5/3.0 FYM and T7-STCR-IPNS with 6.0/3.5 FYM yield targets. FYM @ 15 t ha-1 were applied in rabi and kharif season in T2, T6 & T7 plots. The treatments where FYM @ 15 t ha-1 was applied approximately 22 kg N & 15 t ha-1 was reduced from fertilizer nutrients. The results of the experiment revealed that the physical properties of the soil such as bulk density, infiltration rate, saturated hydraulic conductivity, aggregate mean weight diameter, soil moisture retention and penetration resistance of the soil improved with addition of organic matter either alone or in combination with fertilizers both at surface 0-15 & subsurface 15-30 cm soil depth. Bulk density decreased by 3.0 to 3.7 % and 3.31 to 4.19 % after 9 years of continuous FYM application in rabi and kharif at 0-15 and 15-30 cm soil depth. Saturated hydraulic conductivity increased by 1.17 to 1.22 & 0.54 to 0.61 cm hr-1, water stable aggregates varied from 48.5 to 50.2 % and 43.3 to 47.4 %, soil moisture retention at field capacity from 29.4 to 29.8 & 30.0 to 29.9 % at permanent wilting point from 9.36 to 10.02 & 9.73 to 10.23 % at 0-15 and 15-30 cm, respectively. The chemical and biological properties of the soil such as organic carbon, microbial biomass carbon, available NPK and micronutrients increased significantly with addition in FYM @ 15 t ha-1 in rabi and kharif both at surface and subsurface soils. The percent deviation in grain yield of wheat varies from + 0.9 to +4.5 and pearl millet varies from -5.2 to +1.5 in target yield treatments which showed the validity of the target yield equation. The physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil improved with addition of FYM continuously on long term basis which is due to improvement of physical structure of the soil that may results in more uptakes of nutrients by plants, thus increasing the grain and straw yield for wheat and pearl millet.