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2016 - 201913
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Subject: Seed Science and Technology × End date: 2019 × Start date: 2010 × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of priming on seed quality and storability of maize (Zea mays L.) Hybrids
    (CCSHAU, Hisar, 2019-11) Kibaraza, Areth; Bhuker, Axay
    Seed priming is reported as a beneficial technique by researchers in many crops, in which seeds are soaked in water for limited imbibition time to allow reversible stage of germination but no protrusion of radical. Seed deterioration is a continuous process which can‘t be stopped but it can be slow down by using suitable packaging materials (containers). Hence, the study was conducted to assess the effect of priming on seed quality and storability of five maize hybrids collected from public and private seeds sectors viz., PMH-1, IIMRNH 2015-3, IIMRNH 2015-4, P3396 and Dekalb 9144 during 2018-19. The seeds were primed with double quantity of distilled water, KH2PO4 (2.0%), KNO3 (1.0%) and GA3 (50 ppm) for 17 hours at room temperature and then dried to original moisture content for 24 hours at 34.5o C temperature (average). Then the seeds were stored in polythene & cloth bags and seed quality was assessed at 3 months interval till 9 months. The results revealed that priming reduced the viability of the seed considerably but the rate at which the priming reduced the viability of seed varied with the hybrids and treatments. Reduced viability of the seed was associated with priming duration, temperature, quantity of solution and method of priming. Likewise primed seed had shorter storability, average germination of primed seed dropped below IMSCS in both containers after 3 months of storage. Dekalb 9144 and IIMRNH-2015-4 maintained average germination above IMSCS (Indian Minimum Seed Certification Standards) for 6 months in polythene bag. Moreover, KH2PO4 (2.0%), KNO3 (1.0%) maintained germination above IMSCS in Dekalb 9144 even after 9 months storage in both containers. Reduction in seed quality of primed seed might be associated with increased sensitivity of primed seeds to deteriorative factors such as temperature, oxygen and moisture content due to weakening of protective structures of the seed and reduced antioxidant enzyme activities. It is concluded from the study that priming of fresh maize hybrid seed for 17h at high temperature (Day 40oC and Night 29oC) reduces the quality of the seed. Priming technique must be standardized before its application for its beneficial effects; otherwise it may adversely affect the seed quality. Priming should be used as pre-sowing, not as pre-storage treatment. Polythene bags (with thickness >700gauge) are more suitable to maintain the seed quality as compared to cloth bags.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of organic seed coating on quality and storability of Mungbean (Vigna radiata L.)
    (CCSHAU, 2019) Rahul Kumar; Mor, V.S.
    The quality seed is the most important input for any crop establishment and contribute a lot for production & productivity. The availability of viable and vigorous seed at the time of planting is essential to achieve the target of agricultural production. The good quality seed act as a catalyst for recognizing the potential of other inputs. The organic agriculture boost the utility of botanicals products instead of synthetic products for sustainable growth of agriculture. Keeping in view the experiment was carried in Department of Seed Science and Technology, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana to study the effect of organic seed coating on quality and storability of mungbean (Vigna radiata L.). The seeds were treated with botanicals leaf powder @ 10gm/100gm seed and gum used as adhesive @ 2ml/ 100gm of seed. The experiments consists of eleven treatments viz., control, gum, ajwain leaf powder, neem leaf powder, sheesham leaf powder, curry leaf powder, ram tulsi leaf powder, sham tulsi leaf powder, turmeric rhizome powder, woodash, turmeric leaf powder, marua leaf powder on two varieties of mungbean i.e, MH 318 and MH 421. The present investigation was carried out in two different experiments to meet out the objectives of research. In the first experiment, both the varieties were treated just after threshing and at an interval of 6, 12 and 18 months of ageing. The six month old seed of both the varieties resulted better performance in seed quality parameters such as germination, speed of germination, seedling length, seedling dry weight, vigor index, emergence index and seedling establishment as compared to freshly treated seed. After 6 months of ageing a continuous declining trend was observed with advancement of storage period. Turmeric rhizome powder showed significant higher values for all the seed quality parameters. The earliest treated seed after threshing with various botanical powders can be maintained well in respect of better seed quality parameters and minimum insect damage during storage.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of organic seed coating on quality and storability of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)
    (CCSHAU, 2019) Gagandeep Singh; Mor, V.S.
    Seed quality plays crucial role in the crop establishment and overall performance of the crop. The availability of viable and vigorous seed at the time of planting is essential to achieve the target of agricultural production. The good quality seed act as a catalyst for recognizing the potential of other inputs. The organic agriculture boost the utility of botanicals products instead of synthetic products for sustainable growth of agriculture. Keeping in view the experiment was carried in Department of Seed Science and Technology, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana to study the effect of organic seed coating on quality and storability of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.). The seeds were treated with botanicals leaf powder @ 10gm/100gm seed and gum used as adhesive @ 2ml/ 100gm of seed. The experiments consists of eleven treatments viz., control, gum, ajwain leaf powder, neem leaf powder, sheesham leaf powder, curry leaf powder, ram tulsi leaf powder, sham tulsi leaf powder, turmeric rhizome powder, woodash, turmeric leaf powder, marua leaf powder on two varieties of sesame i.e, HT 1 and HT 2. The present investigation was carried out in two different experiments to meet out the objectives of research. In the first experiment, both the varieties were treated just after threshing and at an interval of 6, 12 and 18 months of ageing. The six month old seed of both the varieties resulted better performance in seed quality parameters such as germination, speed of germination, seedling length, seedling dry weight, vigor index, emergence index and seedling establishment as compared to freshly treated seed. After 6 months of ageing a continuous declining trend was observed with advancement of storage period. Turmeric rhizome powder showed significant higher values for all the seed quality parameters which was followed by marua leaf powder shesham leaf powder, curry leaf powder and ajwain leaf powder whereas, gum alone gave the negative effect on seed quality in both varieties.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Seed quality assessment in naturally aged seed of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]
    (CCSHAU, 2019) Nisha; Jakhar, S.S.
    Two sorghum variety produced during kharif seasons were evaluated for their performance for different viability and vigour parameters viz. test weight, seed density, standard germination, seedling length, seedling dry weight, vigour Index-I, vigour Index-II, tetrazolium test, electrical conductivity, dehydrogenase activity test, seed mycoflora, speed of emergence index, mean emergence time and seedling establishment (%). Significant amount of variation was observed in both of the varieties and all the seed lots for all characters. In natural aged seed lots, only HJ541 variety of sorghum sustained their germination up to one year showed that sorghum seed can be stored at ambient condition up to one year without loosening its viability and after that the germination falls below standard. HJ541 was found superior variety based on majority of the viability and vigour parameters results whereas HC136 was found inferior. During natural ageing, standard germination, seed density, test weight, seedling length, vigour indices, viability, speed of emergence index and seedling establishment decreased significantly and progressively with the ageing period. The activity of DHA decrease significantly with storage period in both the varieties. Electrical conductivity was found significantly & negatively correlated with standard germination, indicating that the more the EC value lower will be the germination in laboratory as well as in the field and vice- versa. Priming of the seeds with various treatments was found effective to improve the seed quality in fresh as well as marginal seed lot i.e. one year seed lot. GA3 (50ppm for 6 hrs.) was found better priming treatment for enhancing the quality followed by hydration- dehydration (6hrs.) + 0.25% thiram treatments. All the priming treatments showed maximum effect on HJ541 followed by HC136. Therefore, from present investigation it is concluded that the standard germination, vigour indices and EC could be used as reliable predictors of seed quality because of easy, quick and accurate in their execution. Various seed priming treatments can be used for enhancing seed quality of marginal seed lot.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of biostimulants to mitigate the impact of terminal heat stress on growth and yield in wheat (Triticum aestium L.)
    (CCSHAU, 2019) K.T. Uma; Sangwan, V. P. S.
    A field experiment was conducted at Department of Seed Science and Technology, CCS HAU, Hisar, Haryana to study the efficacy of bio-stimulants in mitigating terminal heat stress and also to assess effect of bio-stimulants on growth and yield in wheat. The experiment was carried out in randomized block design and replicated thrice. The experiment consisted of three date of sowing i.e., 15th November (normal sown), 1st December (late sown) and 15th December (very late sown) with two contrasting varieties, WH-711 & WH-1124 and foliar spray with eight biostimulants such as control (water), glyceine Betaine (600ppm), salicylic acid (400 ppm), cytokinin (100 ppm), ascorbic acid (10 ppm), orthosalicylic acid (20 ppm), Citric acid (1.5 %) and KCl (1 %). Biostimulants were sprayed at anthesis stage. Result shows that, grain yield was increased significantly and maximized (4.57 and 5.15 kg plot-11 for WH-711 and WH-1124 respectively) when the crop received foliar spray of glyceine betaine (600 ppm) at anthesis stage over control. The corresponding values with the foliar spray of salicylic acid (400 ppm) showed same trend like glyceine betaine and were found to be statistically at par. Variety WH-711 has performed better when it sown on normal date of sowing whereas it is second date of sowing for variety WH-1124. Application of bio-stimulants showed positive effect on length of ear, number of grains per ear and grain yield whereas plant height, effective number of tillers per plant and number of days to 75% heading remains unaffected. Variety WH-711 had higher germination percentage, shoot length and vigour index-I whereas seedling dry weight was more in late sown variety and thereby vigour index-II too. The study thus reveals that ill effects of high temperature stress on yield & yield attributes of wheat varieties may be improved by treatment with glyceine betaine (600 ppm) under normal as well as late sown conditions.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of seed treatments and containers on quality and storability of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] seed
    (CCSHAU, 2019) Bittu Ram; Jakhar, S.S.
    The present investigation was carried out at the Department of Seed Science and Technology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar to assess the effect of various treatments and containers on seed quality and storability in sorghum. The seed material comprised of sorghum (variety: HJ541) were treated with 17 fungicides and eight plant oils stored in different containers viz.cloth bag and polythene bag and metal box. All the treatment combinations were evaluated for seed quality parameters viz. germination, shoot length, root length, seedling dry weight, vigour indices (I and II), electrical conductivity, dehydrogenase activity, seed mycoflora and field parameter viz. speed of emergence index, mean emergence time and seedling establishment. All the treatments showed better performance as compared to untreated control. It was found that use of carboxin + thiram (2g kg-1 seed) proved superior as compare to other fungicides and among the plant oils neem oil (2ml kg-1) perform better than others. Among containers, polythene bag proved better followed by metal box and cloth bag for storability of sorghum seed at ambient storage condition. Seed quality parameters decreased with the passage of time in all the containers and treatments. The seed quality parameter i.e. electrical conductivity and one field parameter i.e. mean emergence time showed increased values with the progress of storage period. The percentage frequency of seed mycoflora also increased with the passage of time.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Morpho-physiological characterization of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under normal and late sowing conditions
    (CCSHAU, 2018) Mohammad, Wasim; Mor, V.S.
    A study was conducted on ―Morpho-physiological characterization of wheat (Triticum a estivum L.) under normal and late sowing conditions‖ by applying 26 morphological qualitative and quantitative traits to characterize the 30 wheat genotypes. The qualitative traits like coleoptile colour, plant growth habit, auricle colour, flag leaf attitude, outer glume pubescence, shoulder width and shape were found to be most important diagnostic characters for genotype identification of wheat. There was no change in their state of expression with respect to change in the sowing time. The waxiness of ear, sheath, blade and peduncle were the supportive traits used for genotype identification. The phenol test was resulted in clear cut categorize genotypes into different groups on seed basis. The ranking of phenol test was found stable in seeds produced under both dates of sowing. The quantitative traits decreased significantly under late sown conditions as compare to normal sown condition. The clustering analysis was done on the basis of their traits which classified 30 wheat genotypes into nine distinct clusters under normal and late sown conditions. The schematic diagrams were made on the basis of morpho-physiological traits. The identification keys were developed to identify all the genotypes under study. Some genotypes had specific character through which they can be identified easily viz. WH 1322 have coleoptile colouration, WH 1025 have prostrate plant growth habit, C 306 have pale green foliage colouration, WH 1221 have very strong flag leaf waxiness on blade, PBW 550 have glume pubescence, WH 711 have lower glume: shoulder width and elevated shaller shape. The seed physiological traits resulted that the bold and vigorous seeds of all wheat genotypes with higher yield can be produced under normal sown conditions.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of sowing dates and cuttings on seed yield and quality in oat (Avena sativa L.)
    (CCSHAU, 2018) Digamber; Punia, R.C.
    Seed quality is a vital factor in the crop establishment and overall performance of the crop. Oat is used in India both as feed and fodder. The non-availability of quality seeds of improved varieties is a crucial factor in popularization of fodder crop. Availability of viable and vigorous seed at the planting time is important for achieving targets of agricultural production because good quality seeds act as a catalyst for realizing the potential of other inputs. Keeping in view the seed quality, investigation was carried out in the laboratory and research farm of Department of Seed Science and Technology, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during rabi 2016- 17. The variety of oat used was HJ-8. Three different sowings were done on 6th Nov, 2016; 2nd Dec, 2016 and 2nd Jan, 2017 in order to study the effects of sowing dates, days to foliage cut after sowing and stubble height from ground level on seed yield and quality. The date of sowing have significant effect on seed yield and quality of oat. The maximum seed yield (13.8 q/ha) with better seed quality was found in normal sown crop D1 (6th November) followed by (11.4 q/ha) late sown crop D2 (2nd December). Low seed yield (5 q/ha) along with poor seed quality was observed in very late sown crop D3 (2nd January). One foliage cut at 65 DAS (Normal Sowing) and 50 DAS (Late Sowing) can be taken for getting additional fodder yield without affecting the seed yield and quality to a much extent. The stubble height from ground level should be left approximately 10 cm for better regeneration for better seed yield and quality for seed production.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of planting season on seed yield, yield components and seed quality in maize hybrids (Zea mays L)
    (CCSHAU, 2018) Nidhi; Bhuker, Axay
    Four maize hybrids produced during rabi and kharif seasons were evaluated for their performance for different viability, vigour and yield parameters viz. standard germination, seedling length, seed weight, seed density, seedling dry weight, vigour index-I, vigour index-II, accelerated ageing test, electrical conductivity, tetrazolium test, dehydrogenase activity test, catalase activity test, peroxidase test, lipid peroxidation test, protein content, field emergence index, seedling establishment, number of leaves, number of cobs, cob length, plant height, days to 50 % tasseling, days to 50% silking, number of seeds per cob and seed yield to assess the effect of planting season on seed yield, yield components and seed quality in maize hybrids. The rabi season produced seed showed superiority over kharif season for all the seed quality and yield parameters. Among the hybrids, HQPM-5 had the top rank for almost all the vigour, viability and yield parameters in both the seasons (rabi and kharif) indicating its superiority over other hybrids. Standard germination was found significantly and positively correlated with most of the seed quality parameters except electrical conductivity and lipid peroxidation in both the seasons. Electrical conductivity and lipid peroxidation was found significantly and negatively associated with most of the parameters recorded in laboratory and field. On the basis of correlation study, it can be concluded that the viability test like tetrazolium test, electrical conductivity test, dehydrogenase activity test, accelerated ageing test, catalase activity test and lipid peroxidation test can be used as reliable predictor of standard germination in maize and rabi season can be considered as a better option for the production of quality seed in maize in Haryana