Loading...
Theses
Browse
7 results
Search Results
ThesisItem Open Access Assessment of nutritional and health status of young women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in Fatehabad district, Haryana(CCS HAU, Hisar, 2022-07) Raveena Rani; Sangwan, VeenuThe present study was conducted in Fatehabad district, Haryana to assess the nutritional and health status of young women, with and without polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and to determine the impact of nutrition education on knowledge gain of young women with PCOS. Among PCOS respondents 52.0, 44.0 and 4.0 percent were in the age group of 19 to 25, 26 to 32 and 33 to 40 years, respectively. All PCOS (100.0%) and 94.0 percent of normal respondents were Hindu while only 6.0 percent respondents were Sikh. It was observed that 52.0 percent of the PCOS respondents were students, whereas 46.0 and 2.0 percent were housewife and in service, respectively. Maximum (82.0 to 94%) of respondents were vegetarian. It was found that maximum number (34.0%) of PCOS respondents preferred spicy food followed by fried (30.0%), junk (12.0%), fruit juice (8.0%), salty (6.0%), sweet (6.0%) and soft drink (4.0%). The prevalence of obesity, sleep disorder, depression and food allergy was higher in young women with PCOS than without PCOS (normal). BMI (24.03kg/m2), waist (85.03cm), hip (103.81cm) and MUA (14.16 inch) circumference of women with PCOS were significantly higher than of women without PCOS (normal). The waist to height ratio of women with PCOS was significantly higher than that of women without PCOS. The hirsutism score indicated that the young women with PCOS had moderate (30.0%) and severe (2.0%) m F-G scores. Among cereals, wheat was consumed daily by all the subjects with and without PCOS and consumption of Bengal gram dal, black gram dal, green gram dal and red gram dal was very common. Onion, potato and tomato were the major part of the daily diets of all the respondents. It was found that fruits were not part of the daily diet of many of the subjects. The milk and milk products and sugar were consumed almost daily by respondents. The consumption of pulses, green leafy vegetables, other vegetables, roots and tubers, fats and oils and fruits was significantly lower among sedentary young women with and without PCOS (normal) compared to RDI. The intake of milk and milkproducts of women were significantly higher than RDI. The results indicated significantly higher consumption of sugar and jaggery by women, with PCOS, compared to RDI. There were no significant difference in the energy, protein, fat, thiamine, niacin, pyridoxine, folic acid, vit. C, iron, calcium, magnesium and zinc intake of women with and without PCOS (normal). However it was observed that the mean daily intake of riboflavin and vitamin A was significantly lower in women suffering from PCOS compared to normal women. After imparting nutrition education to them there was increase in their knowledge scores. From the present study it is concluded that early diagnosis and treatment of PCOS is pivotal for normal health, well being and improved nutritional status of young women suffering from PCOSThesisItem Open Access Assessment of nutritional and health status of young women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in Hisar district, Haryana(CCS HAU, Hisar, 2022-07) Shikha; Sangwan, VeenuThe present study was conducted in Hisar district, Haryana to assess the nutritional and health status of young women, with and without polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and to determine the impact of nutrition education on knowledge gain of young women with PCOS. Among PCOS respondents 66.0, 22.0 and 12.0 percent were in the age group of 19 to 25, 26 to 32 and 33 to 40 years, respectively. PCOS 94.0 percent and 96.0 percent of normal respondents were Hindu while only 6.0 and 4.0 percent respondents were Muslim. It was observed that 90.0 percent of the PCOS respondents were housewife, whereas 4.0 and 6.0 percent were student and in service, respectively. Maximum (82.0 to 84%) of respondents were vegetarian. It was found that maximum number (34.0%) of PCOS respondents preferred spicy food followed by fried (30.0%), junk (12.0%), fruit juice (8.0%), salty (6.0%), sweet (6.0%) and soft drink (4.0%). The prevalence of obesity, sleep disorder, depression and food allergy was higher in young women with PCOS than without PCOS (normal). BMI (23.21/m2), waist (79.57), hip (103.81cm) and MUA (15.50 inch) circumference of women with PCOS were significantly higher than of women without PCOS (normal). The waist to height ratio of women with PCOS was significantly higher than that of women without PCOS. The hirsutism score indicated that the young women with PCOS had moderate (30.0%) and severe (2.0%) m F-G scores. Among cereals, wheat was consumed daily by all the subjects with and without PCOS and consumption of Bengal gram dal, black gram dal, green gram dal and red gram dal was very common. Onion, potato and tomato were the major part of the daily diets of all the respondents. It was found that fruits were not part of the daily diet of many of the subjects. The milk and milk products and sugar were consumed almost daily by respondents. The consumption of pulses, green leafy vegetables, other vegetables, roots and tubers, fats and oils and fruits was significantly lower among sedentary young women with and without PCOS (normal) compared to RDI. The intake of milk and milk products of women were significantly higher than RDI. The results indicated significantly higher consumption of sugar and jaggery by women, with PCOS, compared to RDI. There was no significant difference in the energy, protein, fat, thiamine, niacin, pyridoxine, folic acid, vit. C, iron, calcium, magnesium and zinc intake of women with and without PCOS (normal). However it was observed that the mean daily intake of riboflavin and vitamin A was significantly lower in women suffering from PCOS compared to normal women. After imparting nutrition education to them there was increase in their knowledge scores. From the present study it is concluded that early diagnosis and treatment of PCOS is pivotal for normal health, well being and improved nutritional status of young women suffering from PCOSThesisItem Open Access Knowledge, practices and awareness regarding soybean consumption in urban households of Hisar(CCS HAU, Hisar, 2022-07) Mahima Rani; Nandal, UrvashiThe present study was conducted in Hisar district of Haryana state to assess the knowledge, awareness and utilization of soybean among adult women. Two hundred adult women from urban area of Hisar were selected randomly and collected data on general information, socio-demographic profile, food frequency, knowledge, attitude, utilisation of soybean. Gain in knowledge was assessed using interview schedule based on knowledge, awareness, practices and utilization of soybean among them for 3 months. A nutrition education programme was conducted to impart the nutrition education about soybean to 100 women regarding soybean products, health benefits of soybean, nutritional composition of soybean, cost of soybean and its products. Results indicated that majority of respondents belong to age group of 19-29 years and belonged to general caste, had medium sized families, were educated and housewives. One- fourth of the respondents had family income of Rs 26,355- 52,733 which indicates that most of the respondents belonged to upper middle socio-economic class. Majority of the respondents were vegetarian who preferrerd wheat as the staple diet. No urban woman was consuming pulses in their daily diet. Seasonal fruits and green leafy vegetables were consumed by the respondents. Fruits was consumed less by majority of the respondents due to their high cost. Majority of respondents were aware about soybean but less aware about different types of soy products. On an overall basis, knowledge, awareness and utilisation of soybean among women was found less in pre-intervention study. After intervention, gradual increase was observed in knowledge, awareness and utilisation of soybean among respondents through nutrition education programme. Thus, a significant increase in the total gain in knowledge, awareness and utilization of soybean (p>0.001) was observed from the beginning of 0 day and at the end of 90 daysThesisItem Open Access Food consumption pattern of adults and its relationship with Non communicable diseases(CCS HAU, Hisar, 2022-07-22) Katheti Bhargavi Devi; Varsha RaniThis study was conducted to assess the food consumption pattern of adults and its relationship with non communicable diseases. Total 200 adults (30-50y) were selected for the study. The prevalence of non-communicable diseases, waist to hip ratio, and BMI for age, dietary intake and nutrient intake were all used to evaluate the nutritional status of people. t-values were calculated using the SAS software (version9.4). The means were compared gender wise using independent sample t-test. Pearson correlation coefficients were conducted to explore the correlation among various parameters. Majority of the adults were belonging to nuclear type and small sized family. The level of education, occupation and family income was comparatively better in male subjects. The level of family type, family size and drinking water facility was more or less similar in both the genders. Majority of the subject’s had non vegetarian based diet. Prevalence of diabetes, overweight, anaemia, diabetes & overweight and overweight & anaemia, was 9.0, 17.5, 19.5, 7.5 and 8.5 per cent respectively. Whereas the other conditions were prevalent among less than 5.0 per cent of the respondents. Mean daily intake of all food groups was significantly lower (p≤0.01) as compared to RDI in majority of respondents except that of cereals and millets, fats and oils and sugar which were significantly higher. Except cereals, other vegetables, fruits, fats and oils and sugar & jaggery the adequacy ratio was below 50.0 per cent of RDI in male respondents. For majority of female respondents’ adequacy of food groups was more than 50.0 per cent except for roots and tubers, green leafy vegetables, and oil seeds and nuts. Majority of the respondents consumed significantly more amount of fat, phosphorous, while other nutrients were consumed significantly in lower quantities. Adequacy of magnesium and phosphorous in males was more than 100.0 per cent and that of vitamin A and Vitamin B2 was less than 50.0 per cent and rest nutrients between 50.0-99.9 per cent. In females the adequacy of phosphorous and folic acid was above 100 per cent and that of calcium, vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2 was less than 50.0 per cent, others lying between 50.0-99.9 per cent. A positive correlation of magnesium, phosphorous, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, and vitamin C to age, iron, calcium, zinc, vitamin B1, folic acid and vitamin C to family income and as well as energy to education; a positive correlation of Cereals and fruits with age and income, green leafy vegetables to family income, whereas fats & oils to education; a positive correlation of overweight and obesity with alcohol and drug intake and smoking and tobacco, Atherosclerosis with alcohol and drug intake; a positive correlation of energy to diabetes and anemia, protein to overweight, and fat to all the non communicable diseases except diabetes. Whereas a negative correlation of protein to obesity, iron to anemia, vitamin B6, to diabetes and hypertension, magnesium, phosphorous, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B3, folic acid, vitamin C to diabetes was observed. It can be concluded that people should maintain a balanced diet that includes more portions of fruits and vegetables, has antioxidant properties, and avoid consuming excessive sugar, salt, or fat to maintain a healthy lifestyle.ThesisItem Open Access Snack consumption pattern and its implications on nutritional status of adolescents of Hisar(CCS HAU, Hisar, 2022-07) Dipika; Nandal, UrvashiThe present study was conducted between March 2022 to May, 2022 on two hundred adolescents (13-15 years) who were randomly selected from the rural (n=100) and urban (n=100) schools. The study group was having 109 females and 91 males. The majority from two school categories had nuclear families with non-working mothers. Majority of the adolescents had only one sibling. Majority of respondents from rural and urban area had monthly family income (Rs.) between 10,001 to 30,000. Modified Kuppuswamy and Udai pareekh‘s socio economic scale was used for study purpose. It was observed that majority of rural adolescents were from upper middle class and middle class (40% each) and majority of urban adolescents were from upper class (46.00%).Rural adolescents were involved in more physical activity than the urban adolescents. Frequency of meal skipping was higher in urban area than rural, 13 and 20 percent on alternate days and 16 and 18 percent were skipping meal after every 2-3 days. Further it was observed 44 percent rural adolescents and 65 percent urban adolescents were consuming fruit and vegetables on daily basis and 24 and 8 percent were consuming on weekly basis respectively. Further it was observed that 26 percent adolescents were preferring snacks over meals followed by 30.5 percent adolescents preferring snacks occasionally and 30.5 percent adolescents were consuming snacks bought from outside on daily basis. Snack consumption frequency was higher in urban area (36 percent) than urban area (25 percent) on daily basis. It was evident that 26 percent adolescents were consuming snacks one time a day and 19.5 percent were consuming more than 3 times a day. Among all 55 percent adolescents found a significant impact of social media on their choice. Adolescents who couldn‘t live without packaged snacks were 57.5 percent. Mean BMI of rural and urban female adolescents of age group 13-15 was 16.80 and 18.91 kg/m2, respectively. The mean BMI of rural adolescents (16.93 kg/m2) was significantly (p≤0.05) lower than that of urban adolescents (18.80 kg/m2).The mean BMR of rural and urban adolescents was 1264.39 and 1377.74 respectively, with significant difference (p≤0.05).The overall mean BMI of female and male adolescents reported was 17.83 and 17.91 kg/m2, respectively; Present study revealed that the daily mean intake of pulses, green leafy vegetables, roots tubers, other vegetables, fruits, milk & milk products, fats & oils, and sugar & jaggery was significantly lower (p≤0.05) than the recommended RDIs values in the daily diet of both males and females of both the area. Except cereals, roots & tubers and sugar & jaggery the adequacy ratio was below 50 per cent for all food groups in majority of adolescents. It may be concluded that male and female adolescents from both areas consumed less food and nutrients than the RDI/RDA recommended by the ICMR (2020) for Indian adolescents. Individuals who lived in cities were substantially (p 0.05) more likely to snack than those who lived in rural areas. The majority of respondents had BMIs lower than the WHO (2008) recommended range for appropriate body weight, indicating the presence of malnutrition. Therefore, it is vital to focus on creating awareness about snacking frequency and its health implications among adolescents and their parents in order to enhance the existing nutritional status of adolescents.ThesisItem Open Access Impact of nutrition education on nutritional status of adults in Kumaon region of Uttarakhand(CCSHAU Hisar, 2022-09) Nautiyal, Swati; Varsha RaniThis study was conducted to assess the impact of nutrition education on nutritional status of adults in the Kumaon region of Uttarakhand for which the dietary intake was assessed using food frequency questionnaire and 24-h recall method. Quantitative foods and nutrient intake were analyzed in Dietcal software and compared with RDI, 2020 and RDA, 2020. Equal number (n=100) of male and female between the ages of 20 and 40 from rural, semi-urban, and urban regions of Haldwani, Kumaon, Uttarakhand were selected for the study. The nutritional status of adults was assessed through anthropometric measurements, dietary intake and nutrients intake. Nutrition education was delivered in groups to female (n=100) through lectures (verbal and power point presentation) in all the rural, semiurban and urban areas. Leaflets, pamphlets were developed and distributed among females. The data were statistically analyzed using the statistics package SPSS (version 16.0) for windows. Means of age, height, weight, BMI, waist and hip circumference, food intake, and nutrient intake were calculated using a one-sample t-test. Food intake and nutrient intake data were compared to reference values using a one-sample t-test. P values less than 0.05 and 0.01 were considered statistically significant. Food and nutrient intakes before and after the provision of nutrition education were compared using the paired ttest. Male belonging to rural, urban and semi urban area were 30.0, 33.0 and 37.0 per cent, respective while the female belonging to rural, urban and semi urban area were 28.0, 33.0 and 39.0 per cent, respectively. Majority of them were married (96.0%) and had nuclear type of family (77.5%), consisting of less than 4 members (75.0%). Most of the male respondents were engaged in service work (38.0%). Majority of female respondents were homemaker (63.0%). Family annual income of the respondents mainly between rupees 1,00,000 to 5,00,000. Daily mean intake of cereals (309.3g), fats and oils (37.2g), sugar and jaggery (38.5) was significantly (p<0.05; p<0.01) higher than the respective RDIs for male respondents while the daily mean intake of fats and oils (34.1g) and sugars and jaggery (37.3g) was significantly(p<0.01) higher than the respective RDIs for female. The daily mean nutrient intake of protein (46.4; 39.1g), vitamin A (427.6; 370.3μg), vitamin C (42.4; 33.7mg), iron (11.3; 14.6mg), zinc (9.95; 6.80mg) and calcium (575.6;414.2mg) was significantly lower than the respective RDAs for both male and female respondents. After imparting nutrition education among females for two months a tremendous significant increase in their daily mean intakes of cereals and millets, pulses, milk and milk products, all group vegetables, fruits, energy, protein, calcium, iron, vitamin A, vitamin C and zinc was observed. The use of longer duration mass media programs should be encouraged to address the nutritional problems of community. Government nutrition programmes must be done at a regular interval to improve the health and nutrition of the adults.ThesisItem Open Access Impact of nutrition education on consumer understanding of food labeling(CCS HAU, Hisar, 2022) Kaushal, Anu; Varsha RaniThe study was undertaken to study the consumer knowledge of recommended daily intake of nutrients and awareness on food labeling; to impart nutrition education on various components of food labelling .Two hundred respondents having equal no. of male and female were selected from six retails outlets namely Rreliance fresh, Easy day, Goyal supermarket,Vishal megamart and both the shoping complexes (old campus and new campus) of Haryana Agricultural University, campus, Hisar. A well- structured questionnaire containing a set of questions/statements on independent and dependent variables was applied to collect the information on consumer basic knowledge of food groups and nutrients, and their knowledge perception, attitude and understanding of labeled food product. Nutrition education on basic information of food groups, nutrients and various components of food label was imparted at an interval of 15 days for a duration of two months among all respondents and its impact on their nutrition knowledge score and knowledge and attitude for understanding food labels was assessed. Data were presented in frequency and percentage and chi-square test was applied to observe significant association between respondent‘s, gender and education level and their habit of reading food labels and having family members with disease condition and their inclination of buying foods labeled with health claims. Result indicated that majority (49.0%) of respondents bought labelled products on weekly basis followed by 2-3 times in a week (16.0%) and fortnightly (15.0%). Majority (71.0%) of them reported quality of the product followed by availability of product (21.5%) as the major criterion for purchasing labeled foods. Food label information was refered during comparison of products for infants, pregnant or disease condition. Majority (83.0%) preferred reading price followed by net quantity (59.0%), brand name (43.0%) and health claim (31.5%) of the product. Quality of product (54.3%) was reported as the main reasons for not reading labels were found to the difficulty in understanding (68.5%) lack of time (14.6%) and lack of interest (13.1%).A significant association (p<0.05) between respondents‘ inclination towards buying products with having family members with health problems was observed among respondents. After imparting nutrition education , the knowledge score of respondent were incresded significantly and majority of them had medium to high knowledge. The impart of nutrition education on knowledge and attitude assessed as impact assessment index was found to be 71.22 and 70.06 for male and female, respectively. Nutritional knowledge may bring a better understanding of food labels such efforts should be donr by organizing awareness compaigns and including such information school curriculum.
