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Open Access
Empowerment of farm women through Agricultural Technology Management Agency (ATMA) Project in Hisar division of Haryana
(CCSHAU, Hisar, 2019-05) Anshu; Seema Rani
The study was conducted in two districts of Haryana State i.e. Hisar and Fatehabad. 120 farm women from each district of Hisar Division were selected randomly. Thus a total of 240 beneficiaries were selected for the study. To determine the participation information of SREP, implementation of SREP and constraints in SREP implementation,18 stakeholders of ATMA were selected randomly. Results of the study revealed that majority of the beneficiary belonged to younger age group, belonged to schedule caste, married, illiterate, with low family education status, were housewives, majority of beneficiaries family were working as labourers. In Hisar district as well as Fatehabad district beneficiaries had more awareness and participation concerning kisan ghothi followed by FIG training camp, demonstration, exposure visit and farmer field school. Decisions related to farm, animals and money matters were predominantly taken with the help of husband or with the help of family in both districts of Hisar division. Negligible numbers of beneficiaries took their own decisions. Knowledge regarding ATMA project in both district was found to be medium and findings also indicated that the beneficiaries had somewhat favourable attitude towards various aspects of ATMA both districts. ATMA had positively outcome in relation to social development, economic development, cultural development, technological development and input assistance and management constraint was the major constraint followed by organizational/institutional constraints. Knowledge about the ATMA project was found to be positively correlated with the exposure visit, training camp and demonstration at 5% level of significance. Data reveals that farmer field school, training camp and demonstration were found to be positively significant with development. Most of the stakeholders agreed that that technology in ATMA project had changed the socio-economic profile of the farmers in which major change was observed in the use of media, increased in social participation. Major constraints faced by the stakeholders were lack of awareness, location of farmers, lack of interest among farmers, insufficient budget for organization of ATMA programme. Majority of stakeholders pointed out that farmer feedback should be taken for improvement of programme, sufficient budget for the ATMA programme should be provided, refresher training should be provided to the ATMA stakeholders’ assessment of farmer needs and developing need based programme.
Open Access
Knowledge and Usage Pattern of Information and Communication Technology among Students of CCS Haryana Agricultural University
(CCSHAU, Hisar, 2019-06) Malik, Anil Kumar; Godara, A.K
The present study entitled “Knowledge and Usage Pattern of Information and Communication Technology among Students of CCS Haryana Agricultural University” was conducted in the Colleges of Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering & Technology and Indira Chakravarty College of Home Sciences of CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana with following objectives: to examine the accessibility of ICT services among students for agricultural purposes, to ascertain the knowledge level and usage pattern of ICT tools, to explore the aptitude of students towards ICT and to identify the constraints faced in using ICT. In this research, Under-Graduate (Pre-final & Final year) and Post-Graduate (M.Sc. & Ph.D.) students of the selected colleges registered during the session of 2017-18 were taken as the sample of the study. There were 994 students registered in U.G and P.G. programmes from selected colleges. Out of them, 200 students were selected through proportionate random sampling. The ICT tools selected for the study were web services/internet, television, radio and mobile. The data were collected through personal interview technique with the help of well-structured and pre-tested interview schedule and analyzed with appropriate statistical tools. The results shows that majority of the students belonged to age group of 21-25 years, the number of male respondent was very high, almost one-third were graduate, more than 80 per cent of the respondents resided in hostel, whereas a great majority of the respondents preferred for university job. The study further revealed that all the respondents had access to four tools of ICT viz., web services/internet, television, radio and mobile selected for study. Whereas majority of the respondents used ICT tools/services for entertainment purpose. Moreover, more than 90 per cent of the respondents owned mobile phone with internet facility. The findings also revealed that nearly half of the respondents‟ overall knowledge towards ICT tools/services was found to be of „medium‟ level. Regarding use of selected ICT tools, all the respondents used internet and mobile followed by television and radio. The study further illustrated that most of the respondents had „high‟ level of extent of utilization of internet and mobile, whereas in case of television and radio, majority of the respondents was found to have „medium‟ and „low‟ level of extent of utilization, respectively. Moreover, a great majority of the respondents was found to have „favourable‟ to „more favourable‟ aptitude towards ICT. Correlation coefficient of age, education, medium of schooling, family education, scientism, mass media exposure, information seeking behaviour and risk orientation were found positively significant with the knowledge and usage pattern of ICT tools. Whereas in case of the partial regression coefficient variables i.e. age, education, medium of schooling, scientism, mass media exposure, information seeking behaviour and risk orientation significantly contributed to the knowledge and usage pattern of ICT tools. The study further revealed that lack of training facilities to learn ICT, lack of expertise to use ICT and slow functioning of internet/server breakdown were the major constraints faced by the respondents in using ICT. As far as consequences of not using ICT were concerned, „Loss of contact with timely information‟ ranked as first consequence followed by „Loss of relevance, confidence and credibility‟. With regard to suggestions, majority of the respondents suggested that teaching should be through ICT followed by improved internet connection.
Open Access
Empowerment of Farm Women through Agricultural Technology Management Agency (ATMA) Project in Gurugram division of Haryana
(CCSHAU, Hisar, 2019-05) Reena; Seema Rani
The study was conducted in two districts of Gurugram division of Haryana State i.e. Gurugram and Mahendragarh. A total of 240 beneficiaries of ATMA and 18 stakeholders of ATMA were selected for the study. The data were collected personally with the help of structured interview schedule for the beneficiaries and data from stakeholders were collected through questionnaire. Results of the study revealed that majority of the beneficiaries were in the age group of 37-55 years, belonged to schedule caste, married, illiterate, belonged to nuclear family, had family size up to 5 members and housewives in both districts of Gurugram division. Maximum participation of beneficiaries was found in kisan goshti, kisan mela and training camp. There were low participation in scientific interaction and farmer field school and no participation in demonstration and farmer interest group. Medium level of participation in the various type of training programme under ATMA was found in both districts of Gurugram division. Majority of the respondent were categorized under medium level of social development (67.50%), economic development (82.08%), cultural development (71.67%), input assistance (72.50%) and low level of technological development (78.33%). Major constraints faced by the beneficiaries was lack of practical knowledge (2.70) in management constraints, easily availed quality input (2.01) in technological constraints, lack of credit facilities (2.06) in economic constraints and lack of exposure visit to women farmers (2.69) in organization /institutional constraints. Major constraint faced by the stakeholders were lack of interest of farmers, lack of finance for organization of ATMA programme, poor coordination between officers and farmers, plans were made on district DDA level / no planning in fixing targets according to the specific farming situation needs of beneficiaries or improper implementation of bottom up approach, difficulty in formation and run of FIG/WIG as well as in lack of efficient transportation, farmers goes off track during discussion exclude main discussion followed by neglected the voice of extension personnel, many schemes resulting no time for review. Major suggestion reported by stakeholders were strengthening of infrastructure & improving coordination between allied stakeholder, place the budget of ATMA in advance at BAO level, promotion PPP mode as well as refresher training, strengthen F- R- E linkage, provide sufficient fund to run the plan smoothly, awards should be given to the farmers who are progressive, promotion of farmers producers organization setup, Block action plan should be as per need of farmer. Few numbers of stakeholders also suggested that there should be proper implementation of bottom up approach and D- plot should be given in adequate quantity.
Open Access
Gender Differentials Among Rural Households in Socio-Economic Perspective
(CCSHAU, Hisar, 2019-07) Anju; Dahiya, Rajesh
Present study was conducted in Hisar district of Haryana state in randomly selected two blocks. Total 180 rural households (i.e. 60 from each small, medium and large land holding category) from four villages selected randomly. A set of Independent variables and six dependent variables viz. sex ratio, education status, health status, economic participation, political/social participation and decision making were selected. Socio-personal and economic profile of the respondents revealed that most of the respondents were in 38-47 years age group belonged to general caste, illiterate having nuclear and small sized family, farming occupation, below 1 lakh annual income of head of household & above 4 lakh annual family income. Overall sex ratio was 760/1000, 842/1000 and 790/1000 across land holding category. Female school dropouts were more as compared to male, truancy and financial constraints were the main reasons for school dropout. Drudgery related problems were found more in females of small and medium land holding category whereas diabetes and heart diseases were reported in large land holding category. Out of 13 agricultural activities field preparation, irrigation, plant protection and marketing were done by majority of the male members whereas harvesting, threshing, picking and storage were done by female respondents and both irrespective of land holding category for economic contribution. Most of the animal husbandry activities like feeding, bedding, post parturition care, animal health, milking and milk products were done by majority of the females except breeding and marketing. Most of the decisions regarding education and career of children were taken by both male and female. Whereas decisions regarding most of the agricultural activities and animal husbandry activities were taken by males. Age, occupation of head of household, income of head of household, family occupation, size of family, total family income & social participation were positively correlated with health and education. Income of head of household and total family income were negatively and significantly associated with economic, social and political participation. Significant differences in economic participation of male and female were observed in different issues of agriculture and animal husbandry activities.
Open Access
Knowledge and adoption of paddy straw management techniques in Haryana
(CCSHAU, Hisar, 2019-05) Sihan, Preety; Ashok Kumar
The present research was conducted in Sonipat and Karnal districts of Haryana state were selected purposively because both the districts were having large rice cultivated area and near to National Capital Region (NCR). Two blocks were selected randomly from each selected district i.eSonipat, Rai, Karnal and Nilokheri. Thirty farmers from each block were selected randomly for the research, possessing a total sample of 120 respondents. The specific objectives of the present research were i.) To assess the knowledge of farmers related to paddy straw management techniques. ii.) To study the adoption level of farmers towards techniques paddy straw management techniques. iii.) To identify the constraints perceived by the farmer in adoption of paddy straw management techniques. The data were collected through well-structured interview schedule. Eleven important independent variables, namely, age, education, socio-economic status, land holding, farm Implements, mass media exposure, extension contact, irrigation facilities, risk orientation, cropping system, soil health card and dependent variables, namely, knowledge, adoption and constraints perceived by the farmers in in adoption of paddy straw management techniques were selected for the research. The research revealed that majority of the farmers were associated to middle age category and having general caste, majority of the farmers were educated up to matriculation. Majority were engaged in farming used both submersible pump and canal as source of irrigation. Most of the farmers had medium socio-economic status, farm implements, mass media exposure, extension contact. Mostly farmers were belonged to low category of risk orientation The knowledge level of respondents regarding PSMT associated too high to medium level. Among the techniques of paddy straw domestic purpose,animal fodder, rotavator, happy seederwere well known and most of them adopted were domestic purpose,animal fodder,spreader/shrub master, super SMS (attached with Combine Harvester). Adoption level of farmers regarding PSMT belonged to low to medium level. The adoption was poor in regard to biochar, biomass plant , biofuel, raker, baler. Among the constraints perceived by the farmers revealed that field preparation, high cost of machinery used in management practices, required machinery is not available in the village or on rent, low price of paddy straw were at the top.
Open Access
A Comparative Study of Farmer FIRST Programme on Adoption of Agricultural Practices in Haryana
(CCSHAU, 2019) Manjeet; Malik, Joginder Singh
The present study was conducted in Hisar and Karnal district of Haryana state. Selection of districts was, purposively because the project is implemented in these districts. From Hisar Gurana was taken as adopted village and Datta as non adopted village whereas from Karnal Garhi Gujran was as adopted and Samora as a non adopted village. 120 respondents were selected from two adopted village and 120 from two non adopted village. Thus a total of 240 respondents were interviewed. The specific objectives of present study were (1) To study the extent of people‟s participation in Farmer FIRST programme (2) To study the impact of programme on agricultural practices and their economical condition (3) Constraints faced by respondent during adoption of programme (4) To analyze the association of various antecedents of agricultural practices . The data were collected through pre-tested structured interview schedule ten important independent variables namely, age, education, socio-economic status, source of irrigation, extension contact, mass-media exposure, scientific orientation, risk orientation, economic motivation and farming system and namely, people‟s participation, impact of FFP on agricultural practices and constraints perceived by the respondents in farmer FIRST Programme were the dependent variables. Majority of the respondents had medium level of participation at all the stages of farmer FIRST Programme. People‟s participation was assessed maximum in resource analysis and planning stage followed by other stages of Farmer FIRST Programme. The impact of farmer FIRST Programme was assessed by comparing the response of respondents from adopted and non-adopted village towards some common agricultural and animal husbandry practices. The adoption level of agricultural practices, adoption level of animal husbandry practices of respondents from FFP adopted village was found higher as compare to respondents from non-adopted village. It was also concluded that farmers had perceived a positive impact of FF programme on their economical aspects. The study revealed that selected independent variables i.e. education, socio-economic status, extension contact, mass-media exposure, , risk orientation, economic motivation and farming with the respondents from FFP adopted village, the results showed the positive relationship with adoption of crops and animal husbandry practices as compare to the respondents from non-adopted village. The constraint analysis revealed that lack of co-operation among farmers, local political interference, lack of clear understanding of project objectives, non-availability of funds at proper time, irregularity in payment of wages, insufficient staff to carry out the project successfully, lack of co-operation from village panchayat in implementing the project, lack of interest in learning new skills by farmers, decisions made at higher level without consulting people, lack of proper monitoring and follow up of the project and lack of demonstration were the main constraints perceived by the respondents as serious to very serious constraints in implication of farmer FIRTS programme.
Open Access
Knowledge and Attitude of Urban Consumer on Goods and Services Tax
(CCSHAU, 2019) Darshna; Trar, Vandana Verma
Goods and Service Tax was implemented on the notion of “One Nation, One Market, One Tax”.The present study was conducted in Hisar District of Haryana state purposively. Total 200 respondents were selected for the study. Results indicated that majority of the respondents were male and having below 30-41 years of age belonging to general caste and educated up to secondary level with medium family education status having nuclear type and small family size. Gain in knowledge, change in attitude about goods and service tax were assessed. Majority of the respondents had low knowledge and unfavorable attitude towards goods and service tax at pre-exposure stage. After the assessment of existing knowledge and attitude toward GST, a print media package of posters, charts, leaflets and handouts were prepared. The effectiveness of posters, charts, leaflets and handouts was assessed in different parameters. For of posters, charts, leaflets and handouts frequency and percentage and weighted means score were showed that title, clarity of printing/size of font, appropriateness of language, sequence, useful information, clarity of picture and understandability were perceived to be high for all the media. The media was exposed to 100 respondents who had low knowledge level and unfavorable attitude about goods and service tax at pre-exposure stage. The impact of print media was found to be highly significant for gain in knowledge and change in attitude of the respondents. Therefore, it can be concluded that respondents had knowledge acquisition and favourable attitude towards goods and service tax after media exposure.
Open Access
Impact of Embroidery and Tailoring trainings under Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana
(CCSHAU, 2019) Pooja Rani; Trar, Vandana Verma
The study was conducted to assess the “Impact of Embroidery and Tailoring trainings under Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana”. A list of training partners and training centers were obtained from official website of nsdc.gov.in. Two training partners and six training centers were randomly selected who was imparting trainings on embroidery and tailoring. A total of 150 respondents were randomly selected from six training centers. Out of which 90 respondents were from tailoring training and 60 respondents were from embroidery training. Various socio- personal, economic, psychological and communication variables constitute the independent variables for the study and knowledge, attitude and adoption constitute the dependent variables for the study. Majority of the respondents were of 16 to 24 age group and educated up to matriculation. Majority of the respondents were female, from urban area and having medium family education status. Most of them belonged to nuclear family with up to 4 members, having monthly income around 30,000 to 40,000. Majority of the respondents were student and occupation of the family was farming. Majority of respondents were falling in high category of change proneness, medium in entrepreneurial motivation and risk orientation. Most of the respondents were having medium mass media exposure, localite sources of information utilization and cosmopolite sources of information utilization. Knowledge level regarding embroidery and tailoring techniques and general things was moderate to high. Overall satisfaction level towards training programme regarding subject matter, physical facility and quality of trainer was high. Attitude of the respondents regarding quality of training, embroidery trainings and tailoring trainings was high for all. Adoption level of the respondents regarding embroidery trainings and tailoring trainings was high for both. In constraints, lack of guidance and complicated procedure of obtaining from financial institution was the major problem of trainees, training centers and training partners.
Open Access
Perceived Impact of Social Media on Higher Secondary School Students
(CCSHAU, 2019) Sanyogita; Kundu, Poonam
Social media has exploded as a category of online discourse where people create content, share it, bookmark it and network at a prodigious rate. Social media is fast changing the public discourse in society and setting trends and agenda in topics that range from the environment and politics to technology and the entertainment industry. The study was conducted in Hisar district of Haryana state. It was a comparative study of rural v/s urban schools. For the present investigation four schools (two private and two government higher secondary schools) were selected from both the areas. From the selected schools XI and XII standard 40 students (both male and female) were selected randomly from respective schools. The sample comprised of 160 students, 160 parents and 25 teachers were selected randomly. Thus the total sample comprised of 345 respondents. Two separate well structured interview schedules were developed for data collection. The collected data were quantified and interpreted by using suitable statistical tools to draw meaningful inference. Personal profile of the students revealed that majority of the students were belonged to 17-18 years of age were male, studying in XII standard with arts as a major stream. Most of the students were fall under second ordinal position and had 2-3 numbers of siblings. Most of the parents were between 35-45 years of age group belonged to backward class and educated upto higher secondary level in both the schools. Both parents and students keep themselves updates with latest know and how through newspaper, television, mobile phones, and mobile with internet connections. Majority of the students were aware and utilizing social media such as facebook whatsapp, youtube, messenger and wikipedia and generally spent more than two hours on social media irrespective of their locale. Most of the students perceived the impact of the social media in terms of loneliness, loss of appetite and stress. However parents and teachers perceived the mental impact of social media in terms of loss of appetite, stress, insomnia, loneliness and decrease self confidence and perceived physical impact of the social media was observed in case of eyes strain, headache, ringxiety and inclination towards eating junk foods while using social media. Whereas perceived social impact was felt in terms of lack of interaction with parents, neighbours and relatives. The results further highlighted the facts that rural parents and teachers had unfavourable attitude towards social media whereas teachers had favorable attitude towards social media. In case of urban area majority of parents and teachers both had favorable attitude towards social media. Relationship between dependent and independent variables showed age was positively correlated with physical and social health of the students whereas education was positively correlated with all the three parameters viz; mental, physical and social health of the students. This showed that young and educated person is more conscious and vigilant regarding the mental, physical and social health of their children. Most common constraints felt by the students were; parents disapproval, non availability of net facilities and perceived internet as a costly affair. Hence in order to solve the above mentioned problems it is recommended that parents should themselves equipped with computer skill so that they can guide their children properly in terms of how, when and what type of social media they should use in order to show the right path to their children.

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