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2005 - 200627
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Subject: Entomology × End date: 2006 × Start date: 2005 ×
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Now showing 1 - 9 of 27
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Evaluation Of Native Strains Of Bacillus Thuringiensis Against Helicoverpa Armigera ( Hubner)
    (Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University; Hisar, 2005) Sushil Kumar; Chauhan, R.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Bioecological Studies On Helicoverpa Armigera (Hubner) In Cotton
    (Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University; Hisar, 2005) Sarwan Kumar; Saini, R K
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies On Management Components Of Atherigona Soccata (Rondani) And Chilo Partellus (Swinhoe) In Forage Sorghum
    (Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University; Hisar, 2005) Yadav, Sunita; Singh, S. P.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Production of beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) vuillemin on industrial wastes and its potentiality against chilo auricilius dudgeon
    (CCSHAU, 2006) Rathi, Anil Kumar; Jaipal, Saroj
    Sugar industry wastes/byproducts viz. molasses, bagasse, press-mud and cane trash were evaluated in the laboratory for mass culturing of a locally collected strain of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) vuillemin. A set of five optimal and supra-optimal media of each substrate was selected on the basis of growth parameters particularly the growth and sporulation (conidial yield). Potentiality of conidia harvested from each select medium was tested against the sugarcane stalk borer Chilo auricilius Ddgn larvae. The results of the studies indicated that cultivation of fungus on aqueous molasses, a sugar industry byproduct, after addition of aqueous yeast was feasible. Among the molasses-yeast liquid media fungus cultivated on 4.0 per cent molasses + 1.5 per cent yeast yielded highest conidial density (70.3 x 107 conidia ml-1) and biomass (24.0 g). Conidia harvested from this medium inflicted highest mortality of C. auricilius larvae (90.5 per cent) in shortest time interval (7.4 days). Conidia produced on all molasses-yeast select media were larger in size than in remaining media, were more oblong than oval shaped and looked like early stage blastospores. Incorporating molasses and yeast in various concentrations and combinations to solid substrates mainly the bagasse, press-mud and cane trash increased sporulation heavily. Bagasse amended with 4.0 per cent molasses + 1.5 per cent yeast and 3.0 per cent molasses + 1.0 per cent yeast emerged as the best media for mass production of B. bassiana both in terms of conidial density (833.4 and 144.1 x 107 conidial ml-1, respectively) and potentiality to C. auricilius (87.8 and 88.0 per cent mortality, respectively). Fungus sporulated heavily on press-mud based medium containing 3.0 per cent molasses (1310.3 to 1090 x 107 conidia ml-1) while the yeast concentration did not much affect the sporulation pattern. A lower to moderate level of larval mortality (33.3 to 64.8 per cent) was inflicted by conidia grown on select media of press-mud in 8.4 to 9.1 days. Though fungus yielded good conidial load on press-mud based media after addition of exogenous carbon (molasses) and nitrogen (yeast) sources but these media were found inadequate (suboptimal) in terms of potentiality of fungus against test insect and hence may not be suitable for the mass cultivation of fungus. A two stage cultivation process seems feasible for cultivation of B. bassiana on molasses-yeast liquid media and bagasse based solid media. Based on conidial yield, potentiality, time taken to sporulate and cost of production of the fungus bagasse amended with 4.0 per cent molasses and 1.5 per cent yeast may be used as medium for mass culturing while 4.0 per cent molasses and 1.5 per cent yeast broth 1:1 (v/v) as inoculant for culturing of B. bassiana.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of insecticides on some parasitoids of insect pests of sugarcane
    (CCSHAU, 2005) Malakari Baladandi; Kaushik, H.D.
    Studies on the effect of 6 insecticides on the mortality, parasitization and adult emergence of sugarcane bioagents viz., Trichogramma chilonis Ishii, Trichogramma japonicum Ashmead, Ooencyrtus papilionis Ashmead and Epiricania melanoleuca Fletcher using Corcyra cephalonica Stnt. and Pyrilla perpusilla, respectively as host were carried out at 27±2oC temperature and 75-80 per cent relative humidity in the Central Biological Control Laboratory, Sonipat with assistance of Department of Entomology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar. Dimethoate (56.66%) and monocrotophos (63.33%) recorded lowest per cent adult mortality of T.chilonis, hence they are relatively safe and are harmful when applied immediately after spraying. No insecticide is safer to T.japonicum at initial toxicity hence, all found harmful to use. Chlorpyriphos and monocrotophos gave 100 per cent mortality followed by endosulfan and profenphos (93.33%) so regarded as highly toxic to O.papilionis. There was 100 per cent mortality of E.melanoleuca when treated with chlorpyriphos and profenphos. Endosulfan, dimethoate, monocrotophos and oxy-demetan methyl treated eggs yielded high parasitization and are rated as comparatively safe insecticides and chlorpyriphos and profenphos severely inhibited the parasitization. The eggs treated with oxy-demetan methyl gave maximum adult emergence followed by dimethoate and monocrotophos where as endosulfan, chlorpyriphos and profenphos recorded very less per cent adult emergence. Based upon the residual toxicity to the parasitoids, dimethoate and oxydemeton methyl were considered as slightly persistent and endosulfan, chlorpyriphos, monocrotophos, profenphos were considered as moderately persistent with respect to adult mortality, parasitization and adult emergence as per IOBC guidelines. Chlorpyriphos and profenophos gave 13.33 and 23.33 per cent pupation and 40.0 and 30.0 per cent moth emergence found harmful at recommended doses of insecticides whereas in sublethal doses of insecticides, all found relatively safer to Epiricania melanoleuca.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Impact of high temperature regimes on biological parameters of Trichogramma chilonis Ishii
    (CCSHAU, 2005) Ravinder Singh; Pala Ram
    Egg parasitoid, Trichogramma chilonis Ishii is an important bioagent frequently encountered in the Indian subcontinent. It is being used in biological control programmes against lepidopterous pests in different crops. Keeping this in view, the present study was conducted to examine the effect of different high temperatures, which the parasitoid may experience during field releases, on the biological parameters of T. chilonis. Eggs of Corcyra cephalonica Stainton were used as a host for T. chilonis rearing. The parasitoid was exposed at six different high temperatures viz. 301C, 331C, 361C, 391C, 421C and 451C at 805 % relative humidity (rh), during different developmental stages for six hours. When different developmental stages of T. chilonis were exposed to single high temperature shock, pupal stage of the parasitoid was found comparatively tolerant than egg and larval stages with highest fecundity (64.45-174.80 host eggs parasitized/female) and female longevity (11.05-16.95 days), shortest development period (7.00-8.73 days) and low mortality of immature stages (1.02-27.61 %). The females of T. chilonis emerged from parasitized eggs exposed to different high temperatures on the 4th day of blackening had high mean fecundity (78.10-206.75 host eggs parasitized/female), female longevity (11.15 – 17.50 days) and adult emergence (80.32 – 99.45%) as compared to those emerged from parasitized eggs exposed daily from 1st, 2nd and 3rd day of blackening. The daily exposure of female parasitoids to different high temperatures from 301oC to 451oC for six hours reduced the mean lifetime fecundity from 148.10 at 301oC to 9.95 host eggs parasitized/female at 45 1oC and females survived longest (11.90 days) at 301oC and for one day at 451oC. Females always outnumbered the males at all the temperatures and there was also non significant difference between per cent females in the progeny. The intrinsic rate of increase (rm) of T. chilonis ranged from 0.225 when females were exposed to 451oC to 0.386 at 331oC whereas finite rate of increase (λ) was highest (1.471) at 331oC and lowest (1.252) at 451oC. From the present study, it may be concluded that prevailing temperature (27.3 to 38.5oC) in the cotton crop canopy during releases of the parasitoid (August to October) may be favourable for mass releases of T. chilonis as it survived and reproduced under similar conditions in the laboratory.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Seasonal abundance of ectoparasitic mite, tropilaelaps clareae delfinado and baker and its management in European honeybee, apis mellifera L. colonies
    (CCSHAU, 2005) Hosamani, Ravikumar; Sharma, S.K.
    Studies on seasonal abundance and efficacy of some botanicals against Tropilaelaps clareae was carried out in the apiary, Department of Entomology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar. Seasonal incidence and fluctuation of T. clareae population was compared with weather parameters (Temperature, Relative Humidity and Bright Sunshine hours). Highest level of incidence (8.00%) was recorded during April-May (2004) on brood and average mean per cent infestation level on adults was significantly low as (2.85%) compared to brood infestation (8.0%). It shows significant preference of T. clareae to brood over adults. Garlic (Allium sativum L.), turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) and liquarice (Glycyrhiza glabra L.) water extracts were tried against T. clareae management and their effectiveness were compared with recommended sulphur powder. Plain water treatment was used as control. Though there was non-significant result obtained between different concentration (2,1 and 0.5%) of all botanical extracts, but significant (0.404) mite mortality were recorded between garlic, turmeric and liquarice extracts treated colonies. Highest mite mortality was recorded (18.18/100 g debris) in garlic treated colonies at 3 days after spray, which was higher than the recommended sulphur (15.25/100 g). Liquarice extract proved next effective botanical by killing (13.54/100 g) T. clareae after garlic. Followed by turmeric extracts showed least effectiveness (12.74/100 g) among all botanicals used in the study. By this it can be concluded that, all botanicals used were proved their effectiveness upto 3rd day after spray. Though, between concentration (2,1 and 0.5%) there was non-significant mite mortality, but 2 per cent concentration killed relatively higher T. clareae compare to 1.0 per cent and 0.5 per cent. Among botanicals used garlic (2%) proved most superior followed by liquarice (2%) and turmeric (2%). Honey drawn from botanical treated colonies showed, there was no any ill effect on honey quality/its sensory characters.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on management practices for european honeybee, apis mellifera L. during dearth period at Hisar
    (CCSHAU, 2005) Bodla, Rajesh; Yogesh kumar
    Research entitled “Studies on management practices for European honeybee, Apis mellifera L. during dearth period at Hisar” were conducted from May to August, 2004. Under these investigations 3 different experiments (a) effect of sugar feeding (b) effect of queen’s age and (c) effect of providing wet hessian cloth, on colony build up were conducted. Results revealed that feeding of Apis mellifera colonies with 500g sugar during dearth period (June to August) at 1,2,3 and 4 weeks interval proved beneficial. All the colonies fed with sugar survived during dearth period. However, all the colonies in control (without sugar feeding) could survive till July and dwindled during August. Colonies with ten frames bee strength were left with 8.10, 5.90, 4.20 and 3.00 frames strength after passing the dearth period (end of Aug) in case, these were fed at 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks interval, respectively. The strength of colonies left at the end of dearth period (8.10 and 5.90 frames, respectively) in case of colonies fed at 1 and 2 week interval is considered as good enough for further build up during honey flow season (September onwards). Colonies fed with sugar at 1 and 2 week interval reared brood throughout the dearth period, however, the rearing area decreased with the passage of time from June to August. Colonies fed at 3 and 4 weeks interval continued brood rearing till July and June, respectively Colonies in both the cases, i.e. newly mated and one year old queens passed the dearth period with 2.0 kg sugar feeding. During dearth period no difference in build up was observed in colonies with newly mated and one year old queens. In case the beekeepers want to replace the old queens with new ones it is suggested that they should go for replacement after dearth period. Providing hessian cloth (over the frames but below the inner cover) and wetting it thrice a day helped the bees in their survival. Colony build up was higher in case these were provided with wet hessian cloth as compared to without hessian cloth. Colonies with ten frames bee strength at the start of dearth period were left with 5.02 and 2.47 frames, respectively, after passing the dearth period.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Population dynamics of paddy borers and biology of pink stem borer, Sesamia inferens (Walker)
    (CCSHAU, 2005) Joshi, Gagan; Lakhi Ram
    Population dynamics of paddy borers and biology of pink stem borer were carried out in the field, laboratory and screen-house at CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Rice Research Station, Kaul during Kharif 2004. The population of borers fluctuated in different periods during the season. The maximum number of eggs and pupae were recorded in the first week of October while the maximum larvae were recorded in the third week of October indicating that population of borers (yellow stem borer and pink stem borer) build up late in season among the borers, yellow stem borer pre-dominated throughout the season while pink stem borer was dominating towards the maturity of the crop (2.26-23.01%). Though the egg parasitism was good (62.0%), larval and pupal parasitism was almost nil. Telenomous dignus was the dominating egg parasitoid. The maximum temperature, minimum temperature and evening relative humidity exhibited a negative relationship with total larvae. The relationship between mortality of larvae and maximum temperature was positive while it was negative with morning relative humidity. The pink stem borer eggs were thrust between the leaf sheath and stem. The third leaf sheath was preferred most on which maximum (80.03%) eggs were recorded. The incubation period was 5.34±0.10 days. The borer completed its post embryonic development in 78.76 (males), 82.5 days (females) and passed through eight instars with 36.00±0.75, 32.33±1.5 and 94.05±7.4 per cent survival, pupation and moth emergence, respectively. The mean larval and pupal period (male and female) was 67.44±0.55 and 9.08±0.19, 12.83±0.28 days, respectively. The average longevity of male and female was 10.9±0.48 and 11.4±0.75 days, respectively. The average fecundity was 332.1±16.99 eggs and hatchability 87.04±3.18 per cent.