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20162
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Subject: Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ethics and Jurisprudence × End date: 2016 × Start date: 2010 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    PREVALENCE OF GASTROINTESTINAL NEMATODOSIS IN CATTLE WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO Strongyles AND ITS THERAPEUTIC MANAGEMENT
    (College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University Khanapara, Guwahati-781022, 2016-12) Rai, Astuti; Kalita, D. N.
    The present study was conducted on prevalence of Gastrointestinal Nematodosis in cattle with special reference to Strongyles and its therapeutic management in different places of Assam, during the period from May 2015 to April 2016 for a period of one year with the objectives (i) to study prevalence of Gastrointestinal nematodes specially Strongyle infection in cattle, (ii) to study the haemato-biochemical changes in affected cattle and (iii) to find out comparative efficacy of some anthelmintics against Strongyle infection. A total of 1154 faecal samples collected from cattle of different places of Assam, were examined for detection of nematodes eggs, of which 271 cattle resulted positive for nematode eggs and the overall prevalence was recorded as 23.46 per cent. Out of 23.46 per cent, the percent prevalence of different nematodes i.e. Strongyle spp., Strongyloides spp., Trichuris spp. and Toxocara vitulorum were recorded as 9.27, 1.55, 1.99 and 10.65 per cent respectively. The season-wise prevalence was found to be highest (13.62 %) in monsoon season and lowest (5.47%) in pre-monsoon season. The highest prevalence of 15.23 per cent was recorded in cattle below 1 years and lowest prevalence of 5.35 per cent was recorded in cattle of 3 year above. A significant difference (P<0.05) in the variation in season-wise and age-wise prevalence was revealed The sex-wise prevalence was higher (10.46%) in female cattle than in male (7.73%).The breed-wise prevalence higher (10.59%) in local cattle than cross-bred (7.31%) cattle. There were no significant (P>0.05) difference in variation of sex and breed-wise prevalence. Out of the Strongyle positive cattle, 18 cattle, irrespective of breed, age and sex, were selected randomly and divided into 3 groups viz., Grpup I, Group II and Group III, each consisting 6 cattle. Another 6 healthy cattle were kept as healthy control and named as Group IV. In group I, cattle were treated with albendazole at the dose rate of 7.5 mg/kg body weight .orally for single dose, in group II, cattle were treated with ivermectin at the dose rate of 0.2 mg/kg body weight subcutaneously for single dose and in group III, cattle were treated with fenbendazole at the dose rate of 7.5 mg/kg body weight for single dose. Supportive therapy with mineral mixure (Minfa powder), antidiarrhoel (Diaroak) and 5 % dextrose were given to all the cattle in group I, II and III. During pre-treatment period, the haemato-biochemical study revealed a significant decrease in the levels of Hb, PCV, TEC, Lymphocytes and Monocyte in the affected cattle which increased gradually after anthelmintics treatment whereas an increase in the levels of TLC, Eosinophils and Neutrophils were observed in the affected cattle which also decreased gradually after treatment and reached normal level Based on reduction of EPG count, haemato-biochemical changes and recovery from clinical signs, the therapeutic efficacy was found to be highest (91.53%) with albendazole followed by fenbendazole (86.93%) and ivermectin (82.78%) in this study.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    CURRENT TREND OF DEMODICOSIS IN DOG: EPIDEMIOLOGY, HAEMATO-BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES AND THERAPEUTIC MANAGEMENT
    (Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Guwahati, 2016-01) PRADHAN, DIPSIKA; Phukan, A.
    The present work was performed to study the current trend of demodicosis in dog enclosing the aspects of epidemiology, haemato-biochemical changes and therapeutic management. A total of 166 dogs with dermatitis were examined for Demodex infestation, of which 28 dogs resulted positive and the overall prevalence was recorded as 16.87 per cent. Among the diseased dogs, localized form was presented in 32.14 per cent and generalized form was presented in 67.86 per cent of cases. In the present study, there were no significant effects (P>0.05) of season, month and sex in the prevalence of the disease. A significant difference (P<0.05) in the variation in age wise and breed wise prevalence was revealed. The highest prevalence of 28.57 per cent was recorded in the age group of above 6 month to 1 year, with pure-bred dogs documenting the highest prevalence of 19.66 per cent. The duly noted clinical signs were alopecia, erythema, scaling, pruritis, follicular papules and pustules, crusts, comedones, seborrhea, lichenification and ulceration, with lesions predominantly observed in periocular, trunk and forelimb regions. The haemato-biochemical study disclosed a significant decrease (P<0.01) in the levels of haemoglobin, packed cell volume, total erythrocyte count, lymphocytes, total serum protein and serum albumin, and a significant increase (P<0.01) in the levels of total leukocyte count, neutrophils, eosinophils, alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, and serum globulin. During the present study, the treatment regimens compared were 10% imidacloprid with 2.5% moxidectin spot-on solution, ivermectin injection, and a combination of ivermectin injection and amitraz wash. Although all the treatment protocols were found to be effective in the management of canine demodicosis, spot-on solution of 10% imidacloprid with 2.5% moxidectin, and a combination of ivermectin injection and amitraz proved to be comparatively better in clinical and parasitological remission. However, combined use of ivermectin injections and amitraz as external wash was found to be the most cost effective treatment of canine demodicosis.