CURRENT TREND OF DEMODICOSIS IN DOG: EPIDEMIOLOGY, HAEMATO-BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES AND THERAPEUTIC MANAGEMENT
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Date
2016-01
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Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Guwahati
Abstract
The present work was performed to study the current trend of demodicosis in dog enclosing the aspects of epidemiology, haemato-biochemical changes and therapeutic management. A total of 166 dogs with dermatitis were examined for Demodex infestation, of which 28 dogs resulted positive and the overall prevalence was recorded as 16.87 per cent. Among the diseased dogs, localized form was presented in 32.14 per cent and generalized form was presented in 67.86 per cent of cases. In the present study, there were no significant effects (P>0.05) of season, month and sex in the prevalence of the disease. A significant difference (P<0.05) in the variation in age wise and breed wise prevalence was revealed. The highest prevalence of 28.57 per cent was recorded in the age group of above 6 month to 1 year, with pure-bred dogs documenting the highest prevalence of 19.66 per cent. The duly noted clinical signs were alopecia, erythema, scaling, pruritis, follicular papules and pustules, crusts, comedones, seborrhea, lichenification and ulceration, with lesions predominantly observed in periocular, trunk and forelimb regions. The haemato-biochemical study disclosed a significant decrease (P<0.01) in the levels of haemoglobin, packed cell volume, total erythrocyte count, lymphocytes, total serum protein and serum albumin, and a significant increase (P<0.01) in the levels of total leukocyte count, neutrophils, eosinophils, alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, and serum globulin. During the present study, the treatment regimens compared were 10% imidacloprid with 2.5% moxidectin spot-on solution, ivermectin injection, and a combination of ivermectin injection and amitraz wash. Although all the treatment protocols were found to be effective in the management of canine demodicosis, spot-on solution of 10% imidacloprid with 2.5% moxidectin, and a combination of ivermectin injection and amitraz proved to be comparatively better in clinical and parasitological remission. However, combined use of ivermectin injections and amitraz as external wash was found to be the most cost effective treatment of canine demodicosis.
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