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ThesisItem Open Access Studies on renoprotective effect of aqueous and alcoholic biherbal extracts of Bryophyllum Calycinum and Solanum Xanthocarpum in Wistar rats(DEPARTMENT OF VETERINARY MEDICINE COLLEGE OF VETERINARY SCIENCE & ANIMAL HUSBANDRY ANAND AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY ANAND, 2017) PATEL DHAVALKUMAR BHAILALBHAI; Dr. S. K. RavalUrolithiasis or kidney stone is formation of urinary calculi at any level of urinary tract. It is one of the oldest and wide spread diseases known to man. The occurrence in some areas is so alarming that they are known as “Stone belts”. A number of plants have been used because of being efficient for curing and correcting urinary stones; for example, Tribulus terrestris (fruit), Bryophyllum calycinum (Leaves), Soalnumn xanthocarpum (fruit) Didymocarpus pedicellata (leaf), Dolichos biflorus (seed), fruits and leaves of Solanum nigrum, and seeds of Cichorium intybus are very common in Traditional Indian System of Medicine.ThesisItem Open Access CLINICAL, HAEMATOBIOCHEMICAL AND THERAPEUTIC MANAGEMENT OF RUMINAL ACIDOSIS IN GOATS(DEPARTMENT OF VETERINARY MEDICINE COLLEGE OF VETERINARY SCIENCE AND ANIMAL HUSBANDRY ANAND AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY ANAND, 2017) CHAVELIKAR PRATIKKUMAR RAMESHCHANDRA; Dr. G.C. MandaliGoat is a versatile animal known as the “Poor man’s cow” in India. Archaeological studies provide sufficient evidence that goat was the earliest ruminant and probably the first animal after dog to be domesticated by man long before 7000 B.C. India has the largest population of goats of the world. Ruminal acidosis is one of the most important clinical emergencies in small ruminants.ThesisItem Open Access CLINICAL STUDIES ON EPIDEMIOLOGY PATHOLOGY, DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT OF DOWNER COW SYNDROME(AAU, Anand, 2009) PATEL, BHAVIKA RAMESHBHAI; Patel, P. R.The downer cow syndrome is an emerging problem in high yielding cows. Management of such downer cows becomes a most challenging problem for any veterinarian. Downer cow syndrome is an extensively studied phenomenon all over the world but meager information has been reported in India. The present work on "Clinical Studies on Epidemiology, Pathology, Diagnosis and Management of Downer Cow Syndrome" was undertaken during the period starting from 1st October 2008 to 15th May 2009 in and around Anand town (Gujarat) to study the epidemiology and clinical management of downer cow syndrome. A total of 2,242 cows were at risk for downer cow syndrome, out of which 48 cows (2.14%) were found to be showing definitive signs of downer syndrome. Out of 48 downer cows, the highest incidence was recorded in more than a week recumbent downer cows (21 cases; 43.8%) followed by five days (11 cases; 22.9%), three days (10 cases; 20.8%) and one day (6 cases; 12.5%)). Out of 48 cases of downer cows syndrome, the incidence was recorded to be highest in Jersey crossbred (25 cases; 52.0%), followed by Holstein Friesian crossbred (15 cases; 31,2%), pure Holstein Friesian (5 cases; 10.4%), non -descript (2 cases; 4.2%) and pure Jersey (1 case; 2.0%). Out of 48 cases of downer cow syndrome, the highest incidences was recorded in high milk producers (23 cases; 48%), followed by average milk producers (22 cases; 46%)) and low milk producers (3 cases; 6%). Out of 48 cases of downer cow syndrome, the incidence was recorded to be highest in third and fourth lactation (22 cases; 46.2%)), followed by second lactation (10 cases; 20.7%), first lactation (9 cases; 18.5%), sixth lactation (5 cases; 10.5%) and fifth lactation (two cases; 4.1%). Type of housing and hygienic condition was not found to be correlated with the incidence of downer cow syndrome. Majority of the cows suffered from downer syndrome around calving or within a month post parturition. However, cases also occurred in late lactation, advance pregnancy and other physiological states. Downer cows were found into two categories clinically alert downers (41 cases; 85.4%) and non alert downers (7 cases; 14.6%). The alert downers were bright and alert with normal or slightly reduced appetite. The body temperature, rumination, urination and defecation were normal. The heart and respiratory rates were normal except few cows which had accelerated heart and respiratory rates (12 cases; 29.2%). Such cows tried to get up from front but were unable to raise their hind quarters. Characteristic crawling was also observed in fourteen (31.1%)) downer cows. The non-alert downers preferred lateral recumbency and they were completely anorectic with accelerated heart and respiratory rates. Haematologically, the downer cows had significantly (p<0.05) decreased Hb (7.90 ± 0.45), PCV (24.65 ± 1.26) and TEC (4.77 ± 0.15). Whereas significant (p<0.05) increased MCV (62.43±1.25), decreased MCHC (27.61 ±1.30), relatively neutropliiiia (44.12±1.97) and lymphopenia (52.83±2.12). The concentration of blood glucose (104.14 ± 6.57), BUN (20.00 ± 1.89) and creatinine (3.62 ± 0.53mg/dl) were significantly higher in downer cows. The activities of serum enzymes like AST (196.95 ± 19.41), ALT (57.41±7.84), CPK (14.93±1.07) and LDH (503.91 ±6.42) were significantly (p<0.05) higher in downer cows. Downer cows had significantly (p<0.05) low calcium (7.58±0.26), phosphorus (3.84±0.13), magnesium (2.82±0.09) and potassium (3.15±0.18) concentration. Majority of downer cows suffered from net deficiency of calcium, phosphorus, potassium and magnesium while some had combined deficiency. The Cortisol level (151.00±0.48) significantly (p<0.05) elevated in downer cow syndrome. Histopathologically, necrosis of muscle, demyelinization as well as loss of axon of nerves and degenerative changes in heart, liver, and kidney were characteristic features. In order to understand and formulate suitable diagnosis and therapeutic measures; clinical symptoms, haematology, biochemical profile, enzymes, minerals and electrolyte were studied on 48 cows suffering form downer cow syndrome. With combined therapy consisting of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and nervine stimulant at parenteral route with manual change of sides, massage of limbs and lifting of animals manually or with the help of sling on two-three occasions a day, success could be gained in 52 per cent downer cows (25 out of 48). The downer thus treated showed clinical recovery within a period of 3-40 days.ThesisItem Open Access A SURVEY STUDY ON THE CLINICAL PATHOLOGY OF DIARRHOEA IN HOSPITAL POPULATION OF DOGS(AAU, Anand, 1989) JANI, RAJESH G.; Dave, M. R.Diarrhoea in young dogs is one of the main factors causing variable morbidity and mortality. The present study was taken up to survey canine population at Veterinary College Hospital, Anand and to investigate clinico - pathological changes in diarrhoeic dogs during the period from August, 1988 to April, 1989, with a view to correlate such changes with prognosis and early diagnosis so that proper therapeutic measures can be taken up. A total of 666 clinical cases of dogs were screened. Out of them 129 dogs (19.3 per cent) were found to be clinical oases of diarrhoea. From these cases. 108 dogs were selected randomly for detailed symptomatology, faecal analysis (bacteria, parasites, fat droplets and enzymes), haematology (Hb, PCV, TEC, TLC, MCV, MCH, MCHC and DLC), biochemistry (Blood glucose, BUN and Total plasma protein), serotyping of E.Goli and drug sensitivity along with the control group of ten healthy dogs.ThesisItem Open Access CLINICO-PATHOLOGICAL STUDIES OF RUMINAL ALKALOSIS AND ITS THERAPY IN BUFFALOES(AAU, Anand, 1983) DESAI, PANKAJ U.; Dave, M. R.Ruminal alkalosis caused by sudden change in diets with excessive amount of protein rich and non-protein nitrogenous substances, and poor qualityroughage is clinically characterrized by anorexia, dullness, ruminal stony, staxia and drop in milk yield in lactating animals. The condition may be sub-acute, acute and chronic in nature and the affected animals may die due to intoxication in acute condiion if timely therapeutic aid is not available. Farmers suffer from economic loss in production and death. The present study envisages the clinico-pathological aspects of the ruminal alkalosis in experimental and clinical cases in buffaloes which may help in understanding the pathogenesis early diagnosis and suitable treatment.ThesisItem Open Access DIAGNOSIS OF JOHNE'S DISEASE IN CATTLE BY ALLERGIC TEST, PASSIVE HAEM-AGGLUTINATION TEST AND HISTOPATHOLOGICAL EXAMINATION(AAU, Anand, 1982) MEHTA, NIRANJAN J.; TAMHANKAR, V. D.Johne's disease is an infectious and fatal, chronic, wasting disease of farm animals. The farm economy is greatly affected, bringing financial loss to farmers. Therefore an early detection of the disease in farm animals will benefit the farmers and preventive measures can be taken in time. Various tests are employed to establish the diagnosis of the disease in farm animals however, no single test is specific and sensitive for the detection of the disease and hence timely preventive measures can not be taken. With the above limitations in the diagnosis of Johne's disease in farm animals, the present work was undertaken to study the incidence of Johne's disease in Jersey, Cross-bred and Kankrej animals at Gujarat Agricultural University Farms, Anand employing three major comparative tests during the year 1960 and 1981. During the 1980, 373 animals (Jersey 186, Cross-bred 19 and Kankrej 168; were tested by single intradermal Johnin test and seven animals (1.88 per cent) were positive reactors to this test, while in the year 1981 out of 370 animals (Jersey 168, Cross-bred 79 and Kankrej 123; 18 animals (4.86 per cent; were reactors to the test. Sera samples of these 25 animals were put to passive haemagglutination test and the titre varied from 1:8 to 1:256. These animals were sacrificed and detailed post-mortem examination was carried out. The acid-fast bacilli were detected in ileo-caecal valve and mesentric lymph nodes in all animals, while tissues showed characteristic lesions. Results were discussed and compared along with the merits and demerits of each test and their implications were emphasized. It can be concluded from the results of the present study that the single intradermal test has a definite diagnostic value in the detection of Johne's disease in farm animals.ThesisItem Open Access A SURVEY STUDY ON THE INCIDENCE AND ROLE OF Salmonella AND Escherichia coli IN DIARRHOEAL DISEASES OF BUFFALO CALVES.(AAU, Anand, 1982) LATIF, MOHAMED SIREL KHATIM ABOEL; TAMHANKAR, V. D.Faecal samples from 160 diarrhoeic as well as apparently healthy buffalo calves were collected from villages round about Anand and processed for Escherichia coli, Salmonella and Escherichia coli with a possible inter-current parasitic infection. A higher incidence of diarrhoea was observed in female buffalo calves (63.78%) than in males (36.22%). Severe diarrhoeic syndromes were noticed in calves upto one month of age.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES IN RUMINAL FLUID AND BLOOD IN POST-PARTURIENT ANOREXIA CONDITION IN BUFFALOES(AAU, Anand, 1986) DESAI, HARENDRA A.; DAVE, M. R.The study on biochemical changes in ruminal fluid and blood constituents in post-parturient anorexia in buffaloes was taken up at Veterinary College Hospital and Ambulatory Clinics, Anand from July, 1985 to January, 1986. A total of 304 clinical cases of buffaloes were screened and 47 cases with the history of upto 50 days post-parturient period and anorexis of 2 to 3 days duration were taken up for the detailed study. On the basis of history and clinical findings, these cases were classified into simple indigestion (4), diarrhoea (10), tympany (Bloat) (8), diaphragmatic hernia (4), ruminal acidosis (3), ruminal alkalosis (2), parturient paresis (5), ketosis (3), prolapse of vagina (3), and retention of placenta (5). A group of normal cycling buffaloes (10) in post-partum stage was kept as control group.ThesisItem Open Access CLINICO-PATHOLOGICAL STUDIES ON RUMINAL ACIDOSIS AND ITS THERAPY IN BUFFALOES(AAU, Anand, 1986) PATEL, KULIN K.; Dave, M. R.Ruminal acidosis is an economically important digestive disorder caused by an excessive intake of fermentable carbohydrate, and characterised by anorexia, rumen stasis, diarrhoea, depression, decreased milk yield in lactating animals and even death if timely treatment is not available. The present study was taken up to investigate the clinico-pathological aspects of ruminal acidosis in experimental and clinical cases of buffaloes with a view to understanding its pathogenesis, possibilities of early diagnosis and formulation of suitable treatment.
