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2018 - 20194
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Subject: Human Development and Family Studies ×

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Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    DEVELOPMENT OF A SCALE ON CHILD ABUSE
    (Department of Human Development and Family Studies Ethelind College of Home Science Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology & Sciences, Allahabad 211007 (UP) I.D NO.12PHHSHD103, 2019) DEVI, PRATIBHA; Mathur, Dr. Anjali
    One of the biggest social stigmas attached to a society is that of child abuse. A child can be abused physically, emotionally, and sexually and can also be subjected to neglect. It can be in the form of injury, neglect or negligent treatment, blaming, forced sexual stigmatization and activity, incest exploitation and sexual abuse. Child abuse can take place in the homes, schools, orphanages, residential care facilities, on the streets, in the workplace, in prisons and also in places of detention. Violence in any form has a very deep impact on the overall development of a child. Child abuse results in actual or potential harm to the child’s heath, survival, development and dignity. Hence a study was planned with following objectives- 1. To develop a “Child Abuse Inventory”. 2. To establish the reliability and validity of “The Child Abuse Inventory”. 3. To assess the child abuse among boys and girls of different socio-economic groups using the Child Abuse Inventory. 4. To assess the discrepancies in child abuse across gender and socio-economic groups. A total sample of 300 children comprising of 100 children each (50 boys and 50 girls) from lower, middle and upper socio economic groups in the age groups of 7 to 12 years were selected using stratified random sampling technique for the study. Socio Economic Status scale by Kuppuswamy (1962) revised by Gururaj and Maheshwaran (2014) was used to ascertain the socioeconomic status of the selected respondents. To assess the type and prevalence of child abuse the developed questionnaire was administered on the selected children. The developed scale had high validity in terms of all the statements pertaining to physical abuse, emotional abuse, sexual abuse and neglect. The test re test showed a high reliability of the scale. The developed scale was found to have high relevance and consistency among the various domains of child abuse Study revealed that girls face higher intensity of physical abuse, emotional abuse, sexual abuse and neglect in all the three socioeconomic groups as compared to boys. A significant gender difference was observed in the study with regard to total child abuse. Socio economic status had a significant influence in all types of child abuse as well as total child abuse. A significant influence of gender was also seen with respect to emotional abuse, sexual abuse as well as neglect. Study showed a non significant effect of gender on physical abuse among children wherein girls were subjected to high level of physical abuse than boys. Hence, it is concluded 14 from the present study that quick and promote measures need to be taken to reduce the incidence of child abuse to create a healthy and safe environment that we all envision.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    A STUDY ON ADOLESCENTS STRESS: RECOGNITION AND MANAGEMENT
    (DEPARTMENT OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT AND FAMILY STUDIES ETHELIND COLLEGE OF HOME SCIENCE, SAM HIGGINBOTTOM UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE, TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCES PRAYAGRAJ-211007 (U.P.), 2018) FATMA, TATHEER; Anshu, Dr. (Mrs.)
    Adolescence has been considered, almost by definition, a period of heightened stress (Spear, 2000) due to the many changes experienced concomitantly, including physical maturation, drive for independence, increased salience of social and peer interactions, and brain development. Adolescents today face many challenges that parents and traditional educators may not have had to experience when they were growing up. Sexting, online bullying, guns in schools, terrorism, kidnapping, and assaults are just a few of the stressors providing headlines in news stories. Adolescents may face multiple stressful challenges that may include parents who divorced parents, same sex parents, blended step and half-sibling families, dating violence, technology used to harass or threaten others, social isolation, and the impact of a failing economy. Teen stress is often difficult to recognize and parents and educators need to know the impact of stress on adolescents in order to provide the necessary support and open communication to help them deal with multiple issues. So from the different studies and own experience, the investigator felt that stress and suicide among adolescents are on rise in India, identification of the types of stressors, causes and by providing information about stress management techniques, the lives of thousands of young Indians can be saved to lead a happy and healthy life. For this purpose a study was planned consisting total sample of 300 adolescents from 6 schools of Lucknow district, wherein 150 boys and 150 girls were selected for the present study. Hundred fifty boys and equal number of girls were further divided into 50 respondents each belonging to lower, middle and upper socio-economic status. For the study Bisht Battery of Stress Scale by Abha Rani Bisht(2012), Socio-economic scale by Kuppu Swami(2012) and self structured questionnaires on stress causing factors and stress coping strategies were used. From the study findings it was concluded that male and female adolescents across socio-economic groups were suffering from moderate level of stress in all significant spheres of their life and which also have been considered in the study i.e. academic stress, self concept stress, role stress, family stress and vocational stress. Findings also revealed that academic stress and self concept stress, was not affected by gender and socio-economic status while role stress and family stress was affected by gender but not by socio-economic status only family anxiety was neither affected by gender nor socio-economic status. Vocational stress-frustration, pressure and anxiety were not affected by gender and socio-economic status but vocational conflict was affected by gender, not by socio-economic status. It was found that the most frequently stress causing factors were family, school performance, peer pressure, physical appearance, future plans, heterosexual relationships and school/leisure conflict. Spending time with family to de-stress has been identified as the most preferred coping strategy adopted by the adolescents. No impact of gender was found in stress coping strategies of the adolescents
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    A CROSS CULTURAL INTERVENTIONAL STUDY ON REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH OF ADOLESCENT GIRLS: BEHAVIOUR AND PRACTICES
    (DEPARTMENT OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT AND FAMILY STUDIES ETHELIND COLLEGE OF HOME SCIENCE SAM HIGGINBOTTOM UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE, TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCES, (FORMERLY ALLAHABAD AGRICULTURAL INSTITUTE) NAINI, ALLAHABAD – 211007, 2018) NAGAR, SHIPRA; Dr. (Mrs.) Anshu
    The present endeavor had been undertaken to document and develop an insight into the reproductive health situation of adolescent girls in two varied geographic regions of the country namely Uttar Pradesh and Meghalaya with the objectives : (i) to assess the knowledge, practices and behaviour of adolescent girls regarding reproductive health and the factors affecting it, (ii) to assess the cross cultural differences regarding the same, (iii) to identify learning needs among adolescents related to reproductive health and development of intervention package to meet the needs, (iv) to provide intervention to adolescent girls for improving their knowledge, practices and behaviour regarding reproductive health and (v) to test the efficacy of the developed package. A total of 480 school going adolescent girls in the age range of 12 to 18 years were selected from eight government schools belonging to rural and tribal background of Varanasi district (Uttar Pradesh) and West Garo Hills region (of Meghalaya) respectively. Data was collected with the help of a self structured interview schedule that focused on aspects of reproductive health. An intervention package was designed and developed in order to alleviate the knowledge levels. The intervention programme was conducted for a period of three months. Data was collected in two phases, one before intervention, and the other after the intervention. Paired t-test and chi square was applied on the coded data for statistical analysis. The findings revealed differences in the background information of the respondents belonging to rural and tribal regions. Poor levels of knowledge was observed with respect to menstrual awareness and practices, aspects of puberty and adolescent changes, awareness on features related to pregnancy and family planning, sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and HIV/AIDS. The mean age at menarche was found to be 13.3 years for rural and 12.4 years for tribal respondents. Girls from rural background complained more of reproductive health problems than the tribal areas. A large percentage of respondents from both areas reported dysmenorrhea, backache, white discharge, painful urination and heavy bleeding. Chi-square analysis revealed age, education, family size and birth order of respondents to be significantly associated with the knowledge levels. The results after intervention showed highly significant (p = 0.000) differences in knowledge and practices pertaining to menstruation, puberty, aspects of pregnancy, family planning, STDs and HIV/AIDS and reproductive health problems. Thus intervention was effective in bringing significant developmental changes among the adolescents across the two different cultural settings.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    A CROSS CULTURAL INTERVENTIONAL STUDY ON REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH OF ADOLESCENT GIRLS: BEHAVIOUR AND PRACTICES
    (DEPARTMENT OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT AND FAMILY STUDIES ETHELIND COLLEGE OF HOME SCIENCE SAM HIGGINBOTTOM UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE, TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCES, (FORMERLY ALLAHABAD AGRICULTURAL INSTITUTE) NAINI, ALLAHABAD – 211007, 2018) NAGAR, SHIPRA
    The present endeavor had been undertaken to document and develop an insight into the reproductive health situation of adolescent girls in two varied geographic regions of the country namely Uttar Pradesh and Meghalaya with the objectives : (i) to assess the knowledge, practices and behaviour of adolescent girls regarding reproductive health and the factors affecting it, (ii) to assess the cross cultural differences regarding the same, (iii) to identify learning needs among adolescents related to reproductive health and development of intervention package to meet the needs, (iv) to provide intervention to adolescent girls for improving their knowledge, practices and behaviour regarding reproductive health and (v) to test the efficacy of the developed package. A total of 480 school going adolescent girls in the age range of 12 to 18 years were selected from eight government schools belonging to rural and tribal background of Varanasi district (Uttar Pradesh) and West Garo Hills region (of Meghalaya) respectively. Data was collected with the help of a self structured interview schedule that focused on aspects of reproductive health. An intervention package was designed and developed in order to alleviate the knowledge levels. The intervention programme was conducted for a period of three months. Data was collected in two phases, one before intervention, and the other after the intervention. Paired t-test and chi square was applied on the coded data for statistical analysis. The findings revealed differences in the background information of the respondents belonging to rural and tribal regions. Poor levels of knowledge was observed with respect to menstrual awareness and practices, aspects of puberty and adolescent changes, awareness on features related to pregnancy and family planning, sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and HIV/AIDS. The mean age at menarche was found to be 13.3 years for rural and 12.4 years for tribal respondents. Girls from rural background complained more of reproductive health problems than the tribal areas. A large percentage of respondents from both areas reported dysmenorrhea, backache, white discharge, painful urination and heavy bleeding. Chi-square analysis revealed age, education, family size and birth order of respondents to be significantly associated with the knowledge levels. The results after intervention showed highly significant (p = 0.000) differences in knowledge and practices pertaining to menstruation, puberty, aspects of pregnancy, family planning, STDs and HIV/AIDS and reproductive health problems. Thus intervention was effective in bringing significant developmental changes among the adolescents across the two different cultural settings.