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ThesisItem Open Access “ASSESSMENT OF DRAINAGE WASTE WATER DURING KUMBH MELA IN 2019 AT DIFFERENT PLACES OF PRAYAGRAJ(DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMETAL SCIENCES AND NRM COLLEGE OF FORESTRY SAM HIGGINBOTTOM UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCES, PRAYAGRAJ-211007 (UP), 2019) KHARUMNUID, AIKMENLANG; Mehera, Dr. BiswarupThesisItem Open Access “MONITORING OF WATER QUALITY OF RIVER GANGA AND YAMUNA DURING KUMBH-2019 at PRAYAGRAJ U.P.”(DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMETAL SCIENCES AND NRM COLLEGE OF FORESTRY SAM HIGGINBOTTOM UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE, TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCES, PRAYAGRAJ-211007 (UP), 2019) MISHRA, RICHA; Paliwal, Dr. Harsh B.ThesisItem Open Access Assessment of Nitrate-Nitrogen in Soil and Groundwater and their Correlation with other Parameters at Different village of Chaka Block, Prayagraj(DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE &NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT COLLEGE OF FORESTRY SAM HIGGINBOTTOM UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE, TECHNOLOGY & SCIENCES PRAYAGRAJ–211007(U.P.); INDIA, 2019) DHAR, CHEERFUL; Bharose, Dr.RamThe present study entitled “Assessment of nitrate-nitrogen in soil and groundwater and their correlation with other parameters at different villages of Chaka block, Prayagraj” was conducted during 2019. The groundwater and soil samples were collected from 6 villages and analysed for the different physico-chemical characteristic (pH, EC (dsm-1), TDS (mg/l), Turbidity (NTU), Calcium hardness (mg/l), Magnesium hardness (mg/l), Total hardness (mg/l), Chloride (mg/l), Sulphate (mg/l), Nitrate (mg/l), Sodium (mg/l), potassium (mg/l), CO3-& HCO3 (mg/l) and Total alkalinity (mg/l)) and soil (pH, EC (dSm-1), Organic carbon (%), Available nitrogen (kg/ha), Available phosphorus (kg/ha), Available potassium (kg/ha) & Nitrate (kg/ha) respectively. The results showed that soil are slightly alkaline in nature and other physico chemical parameters of soil is not alter negatively beyond recommended limits. The physico chemical parameters of groundwater like Turbidity exceed the permissible limit at all the sites, Calcium at few sites (Dadari, Dandupur and Champatpur) and Magnesium in two site ( Dadari and Champatpur) and rest was found under permissible limit as per BIS and WHO standard this indicates that the water is suitable for consumption. Nitrate nitrogen in soil of these villages found between 21.4 to 22.96 kg/ha and in groundwater range from 21.40 to 40.49 mg/l, as per the BIS standard 45 mg/l maximum desirable limit thus nitrate concentration in groundwater is under desirable limit and is fit for drinking purpose. The parametric correlation between different parameters of groundwater shows that the strong positive correlation was observed between TDS to Bicarbonate, Turbidity to Chloride and total Hardness, Total Hardness to Sulphate, Bicarbonate and Total Alkalinity, Magnesium to Potassium, Sulphate to Bicarbonate and Total Alkalinity and Bicarbonate to Total AlkalinityThesisItem Open Access “RESPONSE OF CHERRY TOMATO (Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme) GROWN UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF FLY ASH AND ITS EFFECTS ON SOIL HEALTH IN EASTERN PLAINS OF PRAYAGRAJ, U.P.”(DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMETAL SCIENCES AND NRM, COLLEGE OF FORESTRY SAM HIGGINBOTTOM UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE, TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCES, PRAYAGRAJ-211007 (UP), 2019) VERMA, VIKAS; James, Dr. AbhishekA pot experiment was carried out at Green shade, in Forest Nursery & Research Centre, College of Forestry Department of Environment Sciences & NRM, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj during Rabi season 2019. To study the “Response of Cherry Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme) Growth Under the Influence of Fly Ash and Its Effects on Soil Health in Eastern Plains of Prayagraj U.P.”. The experiment was laid out in R.B.D (Randomized Block Design) design with twenty five treatments and three replications. The treatments comprised of fly ash 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% and together with soil. The results revealed that 40 % fly ash significant effect on plant height (87.800), number of leaves (57.333), number of flower per plant (27.113), fresh weight of plant (366.897), dry weight of plant (64.800),. The soil fertility has increased significantly by 40% fly ash due to high contents of (%)Organic Carbon (0.627), Bulk Density (1.157), Particle Density (2.473), (%) pore space (65.930), water holding capacity (66.600), Soil pH (7.803, Soil EC (0.220), which was observed significantly in post-harvest in soil. Significant increase in available Nitrogen (281.847), Phosphorus (46.267) and Potassium (258.710) was recorded.ThesisItem Open Access Influence of Chelating Agent and Chemical Fertilizer on Growth and Yield of Sunflower and Heavy Metal Accumulation in Soil and Crop(Department of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, College of Forestry, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj (Allahabad), Uttar Pradesh, 2019) Ahmad Mir, Zahoor; Bharose, Dr. RamThe experiment on the topic entitled “Influence of chelating agent and chemical fertilizer addition including EDTA (ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid) and NH4Cl (ammonium chloride) respectively on growth, yield and heavy metal accumulation by sunflower (Helianthus annuus) was investigated. A greenhouse study was conducted in pots using factorial Randomized Block Design with two factors of four levels and three replications. The chelating agent and chemical fertilizer were used to find out the effect on the morphological parameters and their potential for extraction of heavy metals. It was found from the experiment that the heavy metal extraction efficiency was greater with the high concentration of both chelating agent and chemical fertilizer and chelating agent was much better than ammonium fertilizer. High concentration of chelating agent affected the growth parameters of plant but the ammonium chloride fertilizer shows antagonistic effect over chelating agent and increased the growth with respect to control. So the important point of the study concluded that the chemical fertilizer should be used with chelating agent in order to have good biomass and maximum extraction of heavy metalsThesisItem Open Access ASSESSMENT OF RIVER GANGA AND YAMUNA WATER QUALITY USING MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS at PRAYAGRAJ(DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES & NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT COLLEGE OF FORESTRY SAM HIGGINBOTTOM UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE, TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCES PRAYAGRAJ, (211007) U.P., INDIA, 2019) PANDEY, JIGYASA; Nath, Dr. SatyendraThesisItem Open Access INFLUENCE OF FLYASH ON SOIL HEALTH AND QUALITY OF SUNFLOWER AND SPINACH UNDER SUNFLOWER-SPINACH-SUNFLOWER CROP ROTATION AT ALLAHABAD, INDIA(DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES AND NRM COLLEGE OF FORESTRY SAM HIGGINBOTTOM UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE, TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCES ALLAHABAD – 211007, 2018) Basha, Nouraldin Almahdi Ibrahim; James, Dr. AbhishekThe present study was conducted at Department of Environmental Sciences and NRM, College of Forestry, SHUATS, Prayagrag (Allahabad) in 2015-16 and 2016-17. In this study the flyash was used as soil nutrient for the growth and development of sunflower and spinach in a crop rotation system agriculture practice. It was found that the application of flyash was beneficial for the soil as well as crops. Addition of fly ash in soil improved the soil physical properties like bulk density, particle density, water holding capacity (W.H.C.) and porosity. The concentration of major nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are increased in treated soils as compared to control. The results shows that the T5 (Flyash @ 30 tonns ha-1+ RDF) gives the high growth and yield of sunflower and spinach. The present study showed significant increase in yields as well as biomass without any adverse effect on soil health or crop and the presence of heavy metal is too low to make any harmful impact. It was found that the heavy metals increase as the flyash dose is increases in the soil. The maximum heavy metal content was recorded in T7 (Flyash @ 50 tonns ha-1+ RDF) which having a maximum dose of flyash. Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Cr, Pb and Zn were accumulated in the plants under study, by at low concentrations and below permissible limits for human consumption. However, there is a need of detail and time series study to declare fly ash totally safe and ecofriendly to be used as a soil ameliorator. Soil applications to fly ash at lower were found to be beneficial for the plant growth in the present study. However, at higher application of fly ash, reduction in growth and yield of sunflower and spinach were observedThesisItem Open Access ASSESSMENT OF TANNERY WASTE WATER TOXICITY ON FRESH WATER TELEOST Channa punctatus (Bloch)(Department of Environmental Sciences & Natural Resource Management College of Forestry Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences Allahabad- 211007, 2018) PARVEEN, SHAHIDA; Bharose, Dr. RamThe present investigation was conducted during two consecutive years 2014-15 and 2015-16 on the topic entitled “Assessment of tannery wastewater toxicity on freshwater teleosts Channa punctatus (Bloch)” to evaluate the physico-chemical properties of the tannery wastewater of Kanpur and Unnao area and its impact on water quality and freshwater fish Channa punctatus in in-vitro. The study revealed that the physico-chemical parameters of tannery wastewater i.e. pH (10.05 and 9.15), EC at 25ºC (14.89 and 11.43 dS/m), TDS (16500 and 9500 mg/L), Total hardness (1290 and 1160 mg/L), total alkalinity (1456 and 1434 mg/L), chloride (3124 and 1163 mg/L), DO (Nil), BOD (1248 and 896 mg/L), COD (3154 and 2857 mg/L) and Cr (68.01 and 38.60 mg/L) were found higher than prescribed limit of BIS at both site samples causing significant alterations in the physico-chemical profile of freshwater (eg.- pH, EC, TDS, hardness, alkalinity, chloride, DO, BOD, COD) and presence of toxic metals (Cr)] affecting the distribution, survivability and physiological activity of the aquatic organisms such as fishes. . Fish exposed to different concentration of tannery wastewater at different exposure periods of 15th, 30th and 45th days showed significant alterations in haematological profile with decrease in the Red Blood Cells (RBC: 2.11×106/mm3 and 2.35×106/mm3), Hb content (5.66% and 6.33 %), Packed Results and Discussion Page 43 Cell Volume (PCV: 22.33% and 26.66%) whereas significant increase in the WBC (116.47×103/mm3 and 113.47×103/mm3), ESR (12.66 mm/hr and 11.66 mm/hr), clotting time (60.23/seconds and 60.13/seconds) and fluctuating trend in red cell indices (MCV, MCH and MCHC) were recorded on prolonged exposure periods in both sites S1and S2. Changes in biochemical activity were recorded with decrease in serum protein (1.46 g/dl and 1.86 g/dl), lipid (103.33 IU/Land 112.66 IU/L), glucose (64.00 g/dl and 68.00 g/dl ) and cholesterol (88.66 IU/Land 109.00 IU/L) while significant increase in enzymatic activity of serum ASAT (239.66 IU/Land 124.00 IU/L) , ALAT (212.00 IU/Land 71.33 IU/L), ALP (192.66 IU/L and 148.33 IU/L), ACP (116.33 IU/Land 112.66 IU/L), LDH (57.13 IU/Land 53.66 IU/L) and bilirubin (5.89 IU/Land 5.44 IU/L) of fish were found with increase in concentration of tannery wastewater and exposure days at S1 and S2. In present study all organs of fish species showed significantly variable accumulation of Cr metal in organs with the sequence of liver> kidney> gills. The maximum concentration of Cr was found in liver (6.64 μg/g and 3.30 μg/g) in comparison to other organs in both sites S1 and S2. Histology provides the basic information of tissue disorders related to the general state of the animal. The observed severe pathological changes in gills, liver and kidney reflects poor health conditions of fishes induced by prolonged exposure of tannery wastewater and it confirms gills, liver and kidney as the target tissues for toxicity of xenobiotics.ThesisItem Open Access NATURAL APPRAISAL OF WATER CONTAMINATION UTILIZING PERIPHYTON EFFICIENCY IN YAMUNA RIVER, ALLAHABAD, INDIA(DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & NRM COLLEGE OF FORESTRY SAM HIGGINBOTTOM UNVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE, TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCES, 2018) SINGH, SHWETA; James, AbhishekMany assessments of water pollution in aquatic ecosystem have focused mainly on physical and chemical characteristics. However, until recently, biological aspects have been given little attention. Although physical and chemical methods of assessing water pollution are relatively simple to interpret, biological assessments have many strong merits. Periphyton is a standout amongst the most essential algal gatherings connected with substrates in aquatic habitats. It is also an important indicator of water quality. So Periphyton has often been used as an experimental system. The biological assessment of Yamuna river water in Allahabad has been studies. Four sampling stations viz. Station I- Bargad ghat, Station II- Gau ghat, Station III- New bridge and Station IV- Saraswati ghat was establish for the collection of water samples during January 2015 to December 2016. Monthly variation of water quality parameters like temperature, pH, Electrical Conductivity, Dissolved oxygen, Biological oxygen demand, Total dissolved solids, Alkalinity, Total hardness, Chloride, Phosphours, Calcium hardness, Magnesium hardness, Turbidity and Nitrate were investigated during the study period. Amid this examination the Periphytic algal groups of Yamuna were represented by 20 taxa which had a place with 4 noteworthy classes in particular Bacillariophyceae (13), Chlorophyceae (3), Cascinodiscophyceae (2) and Cyanophyceae (2). The most widely recognized periphytic species experienced over every one of the four destinations included Carteria , Chaetophora , Cloneis , Diatima , Cymbella , Fragilaria , Navicula , Oscillatoria and Synedra sp. Therefore an attempt was made to use periphyton productivity (ash-free dry weight) and chlorophyll-a content (measured from periphyton colonized on glass microscope slides) to assess water pollution in the Yamuna river. In contrast to biomass, the chlorophyll-a content of the accumulated periphyton was not always directly related to the AFDW of the biomass. Though the highly polluted Station I showed high biomass AFDW and chlorophyll-a, due to increased nutrient enrichment. The chlorophyll- a values at polluted and slightly polluted Station II and IV were lower than at the Slightly polluted Station III. The Water Quality was calculated using key chemical parameters linked to organic pollution, there was a significant correlation between chemical parameters, biomass AFDW, and chlorophyll-a. The cumulative study based on the result of all the parameters concluded that all the station are least effects pollution. Therefore it was not necessary that an increase in the biomass AFDW, due to nutrient enrichment, would always increase the chlorophyll-a in accumulated periphyton. The finish of this exploration is that the waterway was oligosaprobic and free from contamination since Chlorophyceae were discovered adequately in the stream and it show respectably contamination of Yamuna.