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ThesisItem Open Access An Evaluation of the Efficiency and Productivity of the State Life Insurer and Private Life Insurers in India(Faculty of Management, Humanities & Social Sciences JOSEPH SCHOOL OF BUSINESS STUDIES & COMMERCE Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology & Sciences (Formerly Allahabad Agricultural Institute) NAINI, PRAYAGRAJ (ALLAHABAD)-211007, 2020) Siddiqui, Shoaib Alam; Das, Dr. StephenInsurance is backbone of any economy. Life Insurance sector is a major contributor in the Indian economy. Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC) is the oldest Life Insurer which is operating since 1956. With the opening up of Life Insurance Sector in 1999, many new companies were granted license by Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority (IRDA) to operate in Life Insurance sector. At present, there are 24 life insurance companies operating in India. IRDA is continuously monitoring all the insurance companies, making rules and regulations for the efficiency and productivity of this sector. The impact of deregulation has been positive on the Indian life insurance sector as there were only 11 registered life insurers in the year 2000-01 which has increased to 24 life insurers in 2019. The worrisome point is that with a population of about 1.25 billion, our per capita life insurance premium as reported in year 2016 is only $46.5. This is far behind if compared to big economies of the world e.g. in the same year, it was $1724.9 in America, $3033.2 in UK and $2803.4 in Japan. Something is not right with the Indian life insurance sector, although according to Swiss Re. 2017 report; Indian life insurance sector will grow in the coming year mainly from improved efficiency, expanding business in small towns and villages. It is required that firms need to focus more on reducing expenses and policy lapses. The issue of firm efficiency and productivity will play a major role in a highly competitive deregulated life insurance sector. This study has assessed the efficiency and productivity of all the life insurance companies operating in India using five years’ panel data (2013-2017) collected from Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority Annual Reports. This study has also explored the causes of inefficiency in the Indian Life Insurance industry. xii This study has used the data envelopment analysis (DEA) method to measure company level efficiency and Malmquist productivity index for dynamic productivity analysis. The study has also investigated the impact of organizational characteristics on the level of inefficiency using a truncated regression. Findings indicate that the state life insurer i.e. Life Insurance Corporation (LIC) has been efficient and productive throughout the entire study period. Private life insurance companies are comparatively new in life insurance sector and are of different sizes therefore exhibited variations in their performance levels. Some private life insurers operated efficiently during the study period. Some private life insurers were less productive using excessive capital; on the other hand, few life insurers grew fast using technology. The methodology employed in this study estimates relative efficiencies without assuming any functional form; as a result, the proper comparison of input utilized with the output produced is not possible. Regression analysis has not been used to establish relationship between inputs and outputs. The study brings into light the operating characteristics, efficiencies and productivity of the Indian life insurance companies during the period 2013-2017.ThesisItem Open Access A STUDY ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF IFRS AND CORPORATE GOVERNCE PRACTICES WITH REFERENCE TO COMMERCIAL BANKS IN GHANA(FACULTY OF BUSINESS STUDIES JOSEPH SCHOOL OF BUSINESS STUDIES & COMMERCE SAM HIGGINBOTTOM UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE, TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCES NAINI, ALLAHABAD-211007 2018, 2018) ASUMADU, EDWARD; Das, Dr. StephenCorporate governance and corporate reporting in recent times have attracted high-profile support from global institutions such as the Organisation of Economic Co-operation & Development (OECD) and the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) which operates under IFRS Foundation. In 2010, the Ghana Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), in recognition of the significant role of good governance, formulated an encyclopedic guidelines for effective corporate governance practices in Ghana. Besides, approximately 150 jurisdictions in the world including Ghana have adopted or converged with the IASB’s International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), which is regarded as a single set of high-quality globally accepted accounting standards. In this background, the purpose of the study was in two fold. Firstly, the study attempts to find out the factors that impact on the effective implementation of IFRS in Ghana as well as examining the perceived relationship between the use of IFRS and improved financial reporting. Secondly, the study aims at providing insights on the corporate governance practices of the banking corporates using the SEC governance principles as a benchmark. The study also looked into the challenges of both IFRS implementation & good corporate governance practices in Ghana. The study employed quantitative research methodology and descriptive research design with both primary and secondary data. Primary data was collected through survey questionnaire with purposive sampling technique from a sample of 20 banks including140 senior executives drawn from the selected banks as respondents for study. With the aid of SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences), the study systematically analysed the data collected and tested the hypotheses of the study. On account of the multiple correlation analyses the study concludes that there is a healthy relationship between the corporate governance practices of the banks and the governance guidelines provided by SEC Ghana. It was revealed by the Chi-Square test that global institutions (i.e. the World Bank, IMF and IFAC) have significant influence on the adoption and implementation of IFRS in Ghana. The study further confirms that there is a positive link between the application of IFRS and firm performance i.e. improved financial reporting. Despite the numerous advantages of IFRS the study finds that the burden of continuous IFRS education and training, and the problem of inadequate IFRS know-how personnel have a negative impact on its smooth implementation among the commercial banks. Lastly, the study finds that good governance helps in curbing persistent poor business performance but does not prevent corporate short-comings such as defective leadership and wrong strategies. The study suggests that regulatory authorities and professional accounting bodies should collaborate in holding training sessions to educate the banking corporates about the need for consistent application of IFRS standards in order to reap its full benefits. The study also recommends that management of the banks should endeavor to put in place a whistle blowing mechanism and then also provide adequate protection for employees who reports concerns about unethical behaviour or suspected fraudulent acts of others in the company.ThesisItem Open Access STUDY ON THE MEDIATING IMPACT OF WORK SATISFACTION BETWEEN PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT POLICIES AND PERFORMANCE OF EMPLOYEES: A STUDY OF AZZAYTUNA UNIVERSITY IN LIBYA(JOSEPH SCHOOL OF BUSINESS STUDIES AND COMMERCE SAM HIGGINBOTTOM UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCES PRAYAGRAJ – 211 007 (U.P), INDIA, 2019) KHALIFA, ABDALLA RAHUOMA KASHTIA; Lakawart, Dr. Pradyuman SinghToday, the need for effective human resource management practices has become more critical owing to globalization, competition and technological advancements. This has forced most organizations to adopt new workplace practices that enhance sustained level of high job satisfaction and performance. In this study, the relationship between effective human resource management practices and job satisfaction and employee performance have been well analyzed. The study attempts to explore the effect of HR practices on employees‟ job satisfaction and work performance in selected institutions in Libya. A total of 400 employee responses were collected and critically analyzed. It was found that factors like training and development, better communication, work-life balance, fair compensation, respect, praise and appreciation of hardworking employees, work engagement which tend to influence human resource management practices have significant relationship with job satisfaction and work performance. It is therefore essential to investigate the potential effect of human resource management practices on employees‟ job satisfaction and work performance. More additional of one or two findings related to mediating impactIn the Mediation Regression analysis, it was also found that Job satisfaction has a positive mediating impact on the performance of employeesThesisItem Open Access STUDY ON WOMEN EMPOWERMENT THROUGH MICROFINANCE IN ALLAHABAD DISTRICT(DEPARTMENT OF BUSINESS STUDIES JOSEPH SCHOOL OF BUSINESS STUDIES AND COMMERCE SAM HIGGINBOTTOM UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE, TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCES, 2019) KHAN, MAHERUKH; Mazhar, Dr. ShabanaMicrofinance is a widely accepted tool for poverty alleviation and socio-economic development of its beneficiaries and currently promoted as a key strategy for women empowerment. It is an effective mechanism for providing financial services to the “Unreached Poor”, and also in strengthening their collective self-help capacities leading to their empowerment. However, the empowerment of women through microfinance is a widely studied and debated issue. Apparently, this research was conducted to analyze the impact of microfinance services on the economic and social empowerment of women in Allahabad District. It hypothesized that Microfinance has direct relationship with the economic and social empowerment of women. The hypothesis was supported by a survey with the help of structured questionnaire. The research study was descriptive in nature and both primary and secondary data were used. Non- probability Convenience sampling technique was applied in a 600 sample-size selection of female microfinance beneficiaries from rural and urban area of Allahabad to cover the whole geographical region. For the purpose of the study, Descriptive statistics, Reliability Statistics, Correlation and Multiple Regression Analysis were used to analyze the data with the help of tables and charts in addition to some statistical tools like ANOVA and tests of significance. The result shows a statistically significant positive relationship between microfinance and women empowerment, for both economic and social at household as well as community level. The results findings proved that there is a positive impact of microfinance on most of the selected indicators for women's empowerment after utilization of loan. Through MFIs contribution to women‟s ability to earn an income, these programs have potential to initiate a series of economic empowerment and wider social empowerment. Recommendations have been given on how microfinance outreach programs could be enriched since enhanced microfinance accessibility could be a perfect tool to accelerate economic and social empowerment of women. Academics, Policymakers and international development communities will benefit from the findings of this study. Academics can focus their studies toward the several direction of future research recommended by this paper. Informed policymakers direct their policy interventions towards national and regional women empowerment. Reviewed lessons stemming from this study will shape the effort of development partners and civil societies towards cross-disciplinary approaches to women empowerment using microfinance.ThesisItem Open Access A STUDY ON THE FACTORS AFFECTING HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES TOWARDS THE ENGAGEMENT OF HEALTH PROFESSIONALS (EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT).(FACULTY OF BUSINESS STUDIES JOSEPH SCHOOL OF BUSINESS STUDIES SAM HIGGINBOTTOM UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCES NAINI, ALLAHABAD-211007 2018, 2018) BOTWE, PRISCILLA BEMPAH; Masih, Dr. EnidThe ballooning increase of employee disengagement behaviour is paramount to most organization especially in the health sector. Many organizations spend huge sum of money on training employees however this has still not yielded to effective employee engagement at various hospitals and as a result has affected the lives of organizational customers (patients) and the wellbeing of employees. The presence of diverse management-employee engagement views have also resulted to engagement friction and misunderstanding as to what exactly causes employee disengagement in the organization. To curb this issue, more attention needs to be focused on the study to understand the factors affecting Human Resource Management practices on employee engagement. The study seek to identify the enablers of employee engagement in the organization, to examine the relationship between the Human Resource Management practices and employee engagement, to examine the causative factors influencing management practices on employee engagement and lastly, to identify the challenging issues of employee engagement. The survey was conducted by using structured questionnaire as an instrument to obtain a primary data from respondents. Secondary data source was used. The total population used was 600 and the sampling techniques used was systematic sampling. Statistical tools used for the study were percentage analysis, Cronbach’s alpha, correlation analysis, regression analyses and chi-square test. The study findings revealed that political/legal, economic, socio cultural, technological, climatic and internal factors which affect management practices have an impact on employee engagement. The true hypothesis must be accepted. It is recommended that employee engagement work adjustment behaviour strategy must be adapted to stimulate employee engagement.ThesisItem Open Access Influence of Building Market Relationship on FMCG Repeat Purchases: A study of India & Ghana(JOSEPH SCHOOL OF BUSINESS STUDIES, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture Technology and Sciences Allahabad-211007- Uttar Pradesh, India, 2018) NYAMEKYE, BRIGHT; BADUGU, DR. DEVARAJIn business, relationship matters. As the world spins into the 21st century, dramatic changes are occurring at the marketplace. Relationship building with customers has become a key driver to market share and will have to be integrated into all areas of the business to achieve market objectives. As today’s business world is driven by customer demand, success in business is dependent on strong and effective customer relationship building in order to satisfy customer needs and provide a competitive advantage for the business. Today, the competition in most markets especially the FMCG sector has widened the choice of customers forcing significant changes in the way businesses operate. This is partly due to an increase in the rate of globalization: companies are now forced to compete internationally as well as locally. Thus, in order to remain competitive, sustain in the market and deliver satisfaction to customers, marketers must strive to create and build an effective, lasting and long-term market relationship with customers in order to meet their needs and give them satisfaction. This makes a contribution towards the achievement of business’ goals. The primary objective of this study was to discover the influence of building market relationship on FMCG repeat purchases. A sample of 500 respondents consisting of customers and business managers in the FMCG market in India and Ghana were chosen for the study. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were employed in this study to meet the stated objectives. Responses were analyzed with various statistical measures and the interpretations showed a high level of agreement between the independent and dependent variables. The findings from the study indicate that, building market relationship with customers has a very strong impact on repeat purchases. The study therefore recommends that businesses continuously strengthen, grow and protect the relationship they have with both existing and potential customers in order to sustain customers’ interest and desire for its products.