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2015 - 20173
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Subject: Biotechnology and Molecular Biology ×

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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    ALKALINE PROTEASE PRODUCTION USING SUBMERGED FERMENTATION FROM DIFFERENT SPECIES OF BACILLUS
    (Department of Molecular and Cellular Engineering Jacob School of Biotechnology and Bioengineering Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Allahabad-211007, 2016) ALI IDBEAA, INSHERAH OMAR; Verma, O. P.
    Alkaline protease is the most important group of protease enzymes utilized commercially in various arenas of industries, such as food, detergent, leather, dairy, pharmaceutical, diagnostics, and waste management. Microorganisms of specially those belonging to Bacillus genera serve as a vast repository of diverse set industrially important enzymes and utilized for the large scale enzyme production using fermentation technology. Bacteria were isolated from soil samples from Lucknow in India using serial dilution method. Different isolates were then screened for their alkaline protease producing capability using skim milk hydrolysis test..Isolates showing positives result for the skim milk hydrolysis test were identified based on their morphology by staining and their biochemical properties. DNA was extracted from all the isolate using Phenol:chloroform method. Quantification of the isolated DNA was performed by UV-Vis double beam spectrophotometer. The high yield DNA samples were amplified using 16S rRNA primers and based on bioinformatic analysis thus identified five different Bacillus species (Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus subtilis ,Bacillus chonii and Bacillus cereus) were identified. Eight fermentation media were used for production of Alkaline protease for identifying the media in which yield is maximum for the Alkaline protease enzyme production.Media (MD8) produced highest amounts of alkaline protease (62.5 U/mL). The study also aimed at determining the most optimized conditions for Alkaline protease production and activity from five different species of Bacillus like pH, metal ions, nitrogen source, carbon source and NaCl. The most optimized media and culture conditions will help to enhance the protease production which could play major role in various detergent industries.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Designand feasibility of a portable body alarm system device for scoliosis rehabilitation among various human subjects
    (Department of Molecular and Cellular Engineering Jacob Institute of Biotechnology and Bioengineering Sam HigginbottomUniversity of Agriculture, Technology & Sciences, 2017) ADANQUAH AMOAH, RCHIBALD EKOW DENNIS
    The spine is very delicate structure of the human body. The spinal cord is located inside the spine. Vertebrae are small bone forming the spinal column. Human spine has natural “S” curve. These curves round our shoulders and make our lower back curve slightly inward.Spine has three slight curves one in the neck, one in the upper back, and another in the lower back. These curves are normal and can be seen from a side view. From a back view, spine should appear straight. If a spine have side to side curve the curve is called scoliosis.The curve may be very small (mild). It may be bigger (moderate) or it may be sharp (sever).Scoliosis is present in 0.2 – 6% of the population, affecting females in most cases.Scoliosis affects Young girls engaged in rhythmic gymnastics, swimmers, professional musicians and dancers. Genetic data on spinal cord disorders was gathered, then a comparative analysis was performed on the various types of genes,which was divided into p-arm and q-arm and their biological factors which are the likely to cause scoliosis in either mutant or deficiency forms.The q-arm contributes to scoliosis disorder than the p-arm. Scoliosis is prevalence among most active group between 18-70 years.The human spinal cord is mostly at angle of 10 degrees. It becomes abnormal its tilt beyond 10 degrees.The spinal cord device was designed using flexor sensor place lateral and connected to a minicomputer programmed using visual basics language by converting the angles in degrees to electrical changes through the change in resistance which gives an alarm alert from the buzzer connected to the microcontroller and the minicomputer. The device was tested on 51 male between 18-25 years who were attending a fitness gym, 20 male between 60-70 years, 20 female between 60-70 years,30 male athletes between the ages of 18 – 25 years,30 male athletes between the ages of 18 – 25 years and 20 motorbike riders between ages of 18 – 50 years.10 positive subjects between ages of 18-70 years were used as a control sample for the testing of the device bringing the total subject use for the test of the device is 211. Spinal cord injury or disorders is life treating disease to mankind. Clinical disorders diseases like spinal cord injuries or scoliosis needs a serious psychological care.Scoliosis is prevalence among most active group between 18- 75 years especially athletes, motorbike riders and office workers who sit down lots. The use of a very lighter, simple designed and fabricated buzzer device for scoliosis was able detected early (mild and moderate levels) scoliosis, and to prevent severe form of scoliosis which will lead to surger
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Design and feasibility of a portable body alarm system device for scoliosis rehabilitation among various human subjects
    (SAM HIGGINBOTTOM UNIVERSTY OF AGRICULTURE, TECHNOLOGY & SCIENCES ALLAHABAD – 211007 (U.P), 04-11-17) DENNIS DANQUAH AMOAH, ARCHIBALD EKOW; CHARAN, AMIT ALEXANDER
    ABSTRACT The spine is very delicate structure of the human body. The spinal cord is located inside the spine. Vertebrae are small bone forming the spinal column. Human spine has natural “S” curve. These curves round our shoulders and make our lower back curve slightly inward.Spine has three slight curves one in the neck, one in the upper back, and another in the lower back. These curves are normal and can be seen from a side view. From a back view, spine should appear straight. If a spine have side to side curve the curve is called scoliosis.The curve may be very small (mild). It may be bigger (moderate) or it may be sharp (sever).Scoliosis is present in 0.2 – 6% of the population, affecting females in most cases.Scoliosis affects Young girls engaged in rhythmic gymnastics, swimmers, professional musicians and dancers. Genetic data on spinal cord disorders was gathered, then a comparative analysis was performed on the various types of genes,which was divided into p-arm and q-arm and their biological factors which are the likely to cause scoliosis in either mutant or deficiency forms.The q-arm contributes to scoliosis disorder than the p-arm. Scoliosis is prevalence among most active group between 18-70 years.The human spinal cord is mostly at angle of 10 degrees. It becomes abnormal its tilt beyond 10 degrees.The spinal cord device was designed using flexor sensor place lateral and connected to a minicomputer programmed using visual basics language by converting the angles in degrees to electrical changes through the change in resistance which gives an alarm alert from the buzzer connected to the microcontroller and the minicomputer. The device was tested on 51 male between 18-25 years who were attending a fitness gym, 20 male between 60-70 years, 20 female between 60-70 years,30 male athletes between the ages of 18 – 25 years,30 male athletes between the ages of 18 – 25 years and 20 motorbike riders between ages of 18 – 50 years.10 positive subjects between ages of 18-70 years were used as a control sample for the testing of the device bringing the total subject use for the test of the device is 211. Spinal cord injury or disorders is life treating disease to mankind. Clinical disorders diseases like spinal cord injuries or scoliosis needs a serious psychological care.Scoliosis is prevalence among most active group between 18- 75 years especially athletes, motorbike riders and office workers who sit down lots. The use of a very lighter, simple designed and fabricated buzzer device for scoliosis was able detected early (mild and moderate levels) scoliosis, and to prevent severe form of scoliosis which will lead to surgery
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Detection, Identification and Molecular Characterization of Phytoplasma Diseases in Uttar Pradesh Region of India
    (SHIATS, 2015) Rani, Anchal; Misra, Dr. (Mrs.) Pragati
    Phytoplasma severely impair productivity and phytochemical content of affected plants. A survey was conducted in Uttar Pradesh during October 2009-July 2012. Several fruit, vegetable and flowering plants and trees samples were collected from Meerut, Bulandshahr and Allahabad districts. Toria and sesame plants with phyllody and witches‟-broom, tomato and eggplant samples with severe symptoms of phyllody, yellowing and curling of leaves, peach with decline, leaf reddening and witches‟-broom, papaya with leaf yellowing, intervenial chlorosis and curl apical necrosis, pot marigold with phyllody and viresence and corn samples with leaf and midrib reddening collected from Meerut. Mango tree samples with phyllody, declines and shortening of internodes collected from Bulandshahr and chrysanthemum flowering plants samples with little leaf and formation of bladder like siliques from Allahabad. Peach samples collected three years from same site. Total DNA was extracted from symptomatic and asymptomatic plants were subjected to direct and nested-PCR assay using phytoplasma 16S rDNA region specific universal primers. A ~1800bp fragment was amplified in toria, peach, sesame, tomato and eggplant and shearing was found in chrysanthemum and pot marigold plants with primer pair P1/P7. A ~1600 bp fragment was amplified in symptoms bearing plants of toria, peach, mango, papaya and corn with P1/Tint primer pair. There was no amplification in all symptomless plants with both primer sets. P1/P7 amplified PCR products were also subjected for nested PCR with universal primer pair R16F2n/R2n, a ~1200bp fragment was amplified in toria, peach, tomato, chrysanthemum and pot marigold PCR samples. The partial 16S rDNA gene sequences of toria and peach were cloned to facilitate sequencing and sesame, tomato and eggplant were sequenced directly. The 16S rDNA sequences of peach collected on 2010, 2012, 2013, toria, sesame, tomato, eggplant associated phytoplasma were deposited in GenBank, accession no. HM988985, AB858361, KF72359, HM988986, JF706215, JX104335 and JX104336 respectively. Only a low titer of phytoplasma was observed in mango, corn, papaya, chrysanthemum and pot marigold infected plants, therefore sequencing was unsuccessful of amplified 16SrDNA sequence. On the basis of phylogenetic analysis, virtual RFLP patterns and similarity coefficient calculations of the 16S rDNA sequence of phyto-peach1 phytoplasma (GenBank accession no. HM988985), it is concluded that phytoplasma infecting peach in India belongs to group 16SrI „Ca. Phytoplasma asteris‟. Sequencing and BLAST analysis of phyto-peach2 (GenBank accession no. AB858361) and phyto-peach3 (GenBank accession no. KF72359) phytoplasma 16S rDNA gene indicated that phytoplasma associated with peach disease was identical to aster yellows group phytoplasma. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rDNA peach phytoplasma also grouped it with 16SrI-A. Phyto-toria (GenBank accession no. HM988986) showed the highest sequence identity 99% with „Brassica rapa' phyllody phytoplasma isolate Ludhiana (GenBank accession no. HM559245), member of group 16SrIX „Ca. Phytoplasma phoenicium‟. The sequence analysis of Indian sesame phyllody 16SrDNA (GenBank accession no. JF706215), showing 99% similarity with Mulberry dwarf phytoplasma (GenBank accession no. AB693124) a member of „Ca. Phytoplasma asteris‟ group 16SrI-B. TMT-Meerut sequence analysis showed the highest sequence identity 100% with that of members of group 16SrII „Ca. Phytoplasma aurantifolia‟ including the papaya yellow crinkle phytoplasma strain Y10097 designated as „Ca. Phytoplasma australasiae‟ that belongs to subgroup 16SrII-D. Phyto-eggplant phytoplasma 16S rDNA (GenBank accession no. JX104336) sequence showed the highest sequence identity 99% brinjal little leaf phytoplasma (KC178679), identified as a member of group 16SrVI, „Ca. Phytoplasma trifolii‟. To our knowledge, this is first detection of a witches‟ broom phytoplasma associated with peach and phyllody disease associated to tomato. This study also first time reported phytoplasma association to mango witches‟-broom, pot marigold phyllody and virescence and corn midrib reddening disease in India.